Adama University

About: Adama University is a education organization based out in Nazrēt, Ethiopia. It is known for research contribution in the topics: Population & Adsorption. The organization has 840 authors who have published 1010 publications receiving 5547 citations. The organization is also known as: Adama Science and Technology University & ቴክኖሎጂ ዩኒቨርሲቲ, አዳማ ሳይንስና ቴክኖሎጂ ዩኒቨርሲቲ.

Determination of Total Phenolic Content and Some Selected Metals in Extracts of Moringa oleifera, Cassia tora, Ocimum gratissimum, Vernonia baldwinii and Telfairia occidentalis Plant Leaves

Abstract: The main objective of this research is to determine the content of metals (Ca, Cu, Fe, Mg and Zn) and total phenols in different plant extracts of Moringa oleifera, Cassia tora, Ocimum gratissimum, Vernonia baldwinii and Telfairia occidentalis.

Appraisal and mapping of soil salinity problem in amibara irrigation farms, middle awash basin, ethiopia

Abstract: One of the main reason for the loss of productive land in irrigated fields is the buildup of salinity in the soil. In Amibara irrigation Scheme, though no systematic appraisal and mapping has been made before, large tract of land has been abandoned because of salinity problem. Hence a study was conducted to appraise the salinity problem of the Amibara irrigation farms in Middle Awash Basin and to generate thematic maps using Arc GIS for further management recommendation. A total of 249 surface soil samples representing 15,256.22 ha Amibara Irrigation farms were collected and analyzed. Standard methods were followed to measure pH, electrical conductivity (EC) and soluble cations. Arc GIS 9.3 was used to map the overall salinity and sodicity problem of the area. Results showed that around 34 % (5239.79 ha) of the command area has been mapped as saline soil (ECe > 4 dS/m and SAR 4 dS/m, and SAR >13). From the thematic maps generated, it is concluded that proportion of the land taken up by salinity is rapidly increasing. More and more land is fully abandoned due to salinity problem. The water table control by rehabilitating the subsurface drainage system seems to be the only feasible way to improve sustainability of the scheme.

Effect of International Remittance on Economic Growth: Empirical Evidence from Ethiopia

Abstract: Despite the increasing importance of remittances in total international capital flows in Ethiopia, however, the short- and long-run relationships between remittances and economic growth has not been adequately studied. Existing few studies also did not resolve the nature of causality between remittances and economic growth. This study attempted to resolve these problems by employing the ARDL model and Granger causality test to investigate the short- and long-run effects and nature of causality of remittances on real GDP respectively for the period 1980 to 2015. The main results are as follows. First, remittance flow significantly improves real GDP in long run. Second, the effect of remittances in the short-run is negative. Third, there is unidirectional causality from remittances to economic growth. Fourth, short-run negative effect is higher than the long-run positive effect. A 1% increase in remittances increases real GDP by 1.13% in long run but reduces real GDP by 1.87% in the short run. This might be due to the fact that in the short run, remittances are mainly used for consumption smoothing and a high proportion of informal transfer of remittances. The policy implication of the results is that the government can extract the economic benefit of international remittance if it works on easing the remittance sending process and cost. This can be achived through devising a competitive financial system and setting coordination among government, banks, and migration offices. This can divert the remittance flows from the informal to the formal sectors.

Analysis of Pig Vomeronasal Receptor Type 1 (V1R) Promoter Region Reveals a Common Promoter Motif but Poor CpG Islands.

Abstract: Promoters are, generally, located immediately upstream of a transcription start site (TSS) and have a variety of regulatory motifs, such as transcription factors (TFs) and CpG islands (CGIs), that participate in the regulation of gene expression. Here analysis of the promoter region for pig vomeronasal receptor type 1 (V1R) was described. In the analysis, TSSs for pig V1R genes was first identified and five motifs (MV1, MV2, MV3, MV4, and MV5) were found that are shared by at least 50% of the pig V1R promoter input sequences from both strands. Among the five motifs, MV2 was identified as a common promoter motif shared by all (100%) pig V1R promoters. For further analysis, to better characterize and get deeper biological insight associated with MV2, TOMTOM web application was used. MV2 was compared to the known motif databases (such as JASPAR) to see if they are similar to a known regulatory motif (transcription factor). Hence, it was revealed that MV2 serves as the binding site mainly for the BetaBetaAlpha-zinc finger (BTB-ZF) transcription factor gene family to regulate expression of pig V1R genes. Moreover, it was shown that pig V1R promoters are CpG poor, suggesting that their gene expression regulation pattern is in tissue specific manner.