Adama University

About: Adama University is a education organization based out in Nazrēt, Ethiopia. It is known for research contribution in the topics: Population & Adsorption. The organization has 840 authors who have published 1010 publications receiving 5547 citations. The organization is also known as: Adama Science and Technology University & ቴክኖሎጂ ዩኒቨርሲቲ, አዳማ ሳይንስና ቴክኖሎጂ ዩኒቨርሲቲ.

Interactome Mapping Guided by Tissue-Specific Phosphorylation in Age-Related Macular Degeneration.

Abstract: The current study aims to determine the molecular mechanisms of age-related macular degeneration (AMD) using the phosphorylation network. Specifically, we examined novel biomarkers for oxidative stress by protein interaction mapping using in vitro and in vivo models that mimic the complex and progressive characteristics of AMD. We hypothesized that the early apoptotic reactions could be initiated by protein phosphorylation in region-dependent (peripheral retina vs. macular) and tissue-dependent (retinal pigment epithelium vs. retina) manner under chronic oxidative stress. The analysis of protein interactome and oxidative biomarkers showed the presence of tissue- and region-specific post-translational mechanisms that contribute to AMD progression and suggested new therapeutic targets that include ubiquitin, erythropoietin, vitronectin, MMP2, crystalline, nitric oxide, and prohibitin. Phosphorylation of specific target proteins in RPE cells is a central regulatory mechanism as a survival tool under chronic oxidative imbalance. The current interactome map demonstrates a positive correlation between oxidative stress-mediated phosphorylation and AMD progression and provides a basis for understanding oxidative stress-induced cytoskeletal changes and the mechanism of aggregate formation induced by protein phosphorylation. This information could provide an effective therapeutic approach to treat age-related neurodegeneration.

Seasonal Rainfall–Runoff Variability Analysis, Lake Tana Sub-Basin, Upper Blue Nile Basin, Ethiopia

Abstract: Lake Tana sub-basin of Abbay (Blue Nile) River Basin is located in the high land areas with unimodal rainy season with spatial and temporal variation of rainfall and runoff. Depending on available resources, there are many developmental plans and projects which seek the wise planning and management of water resources considering both low flows and floods. The seasonal streamflow variability analysis of the basin was performed with recorded meteorological and hydrological data. The four seasons of the year are considered for seasonality analysis. The rainfall variability is analysed using seasonality and variability measures of coefficient of variation, seasonal relative rainy days and seasonal rainfall intensity. The rainfall variability is more related with latitude and longitude. Spatial and temporal seasonal rainfall variation is analysed from daily rainfall data. Seasonal runoff and streamflow variations are also analysed using HEC-HMS hydrological model to generate runoffs at required and selected points to detect spatial variation. Runoff variation for catchments with gauged stations was analysed from recorded time series streamflow data. Runoff coefficient is taken as a variability index for both generated and recorded streamflows. The runoff coefficient ranges from 0 to 1. The range is high in the dry seasons and less in the wet seasons. The average runoff coefficient value of the basin is 0.28 ranging from 0.18 to 0.36. The average seasonal runoff coefficient value from generated runoffs is 0.45, 0.3 for dry and 0.6 for wet seasons. From the results, it is shown that runoff coefficient is more dependent on antecedent soil wetness condition, land use and land covers. Catchments were categorised spatially and temporally as vulnerable, moderately vulnerable and less vulnerable to runoff based on the analysis. From hydrological data variability tests, it is clearly observed that seasonal time series data are not homogeneous, stationary and independent. Minimum flows are more stationary and homogeneous than mean and maximum flows.

A New Root–Finding Algorithm Using Exponential Series

Abstract: In this paper, we present a new root-finding algorithm to compute a non-zero real root of the transcendental equations using exponential series. Indeed, the new proposed algorithm is based on the exponential series and in which Secant method is special case. The proposed algorithm produces better approximate root than bisection method, regula-falsi method, Newton-Raphson method and secant method. The implementation of the proposed algorithm in Matlab and Maple also presented. Certain numerical examples are presented to validate the efficiency of the proposed algorithm. This algorithm will help to implement in the commercial package for finding a real root of a given transcendental equation.