Institution
Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada
Facility•Ottawa, Ontario, Canada•
About: Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada is a facility organization based out in Ottawa, Ontario, Canada. It is known for research contribution in the topics: Population & Soil water. The organization has 10921 authors who have published 21332 publications receiving 748193 citations. The organization is also known as: Department of Agriculture and Agri-Food.
Topics: Population, Soil water, Manure, Tillage, Loam
Papers published on a yearly basis
Papers
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TL;DR: In this article, deep soil profiles containing permafrost (Gelisols) were characterized for organic carbon (C) and total nitrogen (N) stocks to 3 m depths using the Community Climate System Model (CCSM4).
Abstract: Deep soil profiles containing permafrost (Gelisols) were characterized for organic carbon (C) and total nitrogen (N) stocks to 3 m depths. Using the Community Climate System Model (CCSM4) we calcul ...
293 citations
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TL;DR: In this article, a review of various mechanical, chemical, and biological approaches for the preparation and separation of macro-, micro-, and nano-sized fibers from raw bamboo are summarized.
Abstract: Natural plant fibers have unequivocally contributed economic prosperity and sustainability in our daily lives. Particularly, bamboo fibers have been used for industrial applications as diverse as textiles, paper, and construction. Recent renewed interest in bamboo fiber (BF) is primarily targeted for the replacement or reduction in use of glass fiber from non-renewable resources. In this review, various mechanical, chemical, and biological approaches for the preparation and separation of macro-, micro-, and nano-sized fibers from raw bamboo are summarized. The differences in the mechanical, thermal, and other properties of fibers from different materials are linked to their size, aspect ratio, surface charge and groups, and their function in nature. Biocomposites made of BF are considered to be green, environmentally responsible eco-products. Different processing parameters such as fiber extraction, surface modification, and synthesis of the composites affect the characteristics of composites. Fiber length, orientation, concentration, dispersion, aspect ratio, selection of matrix, and chemistry of the matrix must all be considered during fabrication in order to achieve desirable functionalities and performance. Because of the hydrophilic nature of BF, different methods may be adopted to improve interfacial surface adhesion. A better understanding of the fiber structure and characteristics that influence composite performance could lead to the development of additives, coatings, binders, or sizing suitable for natural fiber and a variety of polymeric matrices.
293 citations
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TL;DR: In this paper, the authors used data from selected regions to explore the global potential for carbon sequestration in arable soils, focusing on two regions: (i) Canadian Prairies and (ii) The Tropics.
293 citations
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TL;DR: The authors investigated the effect of diet and host on the rumen bacterial microbiome and the impact of an acidotic challenge on its composition using parallel pyrosequencing of the V3 hypervariable region of 16S rRNA gene.
Abstract: This study investigated the effect of diet and host on the rumen bacterial microbiome and the impact of an acidotic challenge on its composition. Using parallel pyrosequencing of the V3 hypervariable region of 16S rRNA gene, solid and liquid associated bacterial communities of 8 heifers were profiled. Heifers were exclusively fed forage, before being transitioned to a concentrate diet, subjected to an acidotic challenge and allowed to recover. Samples of rumen digesta were collected when heifers were fed forage, mixed forage, high grain, during challenge (4 h and 12 h) and recovery. A total of 560,994 high-quality bacterial sequences were obtained from the solid and liquid digesta. Using cluster analysis, prominent bacterial populations differed (P≤0.10) in solid and liquid fractions between forage and grain diets. Differences among hosts and diets were not revealed by DGGE, but real time qPCR showed that several bacteria taxon were impacted by changes in diet, with the exception of Streptococcus bovis. Analysis of the core rumen microbiome identified 32 OTU's representing 10 distinct bacterial taxa including Bacteroidetes (32.8%), Firmicutes (43.2%) and Proteobacteria (14.3%). Diversity of OTUs was highest with forage with 38 unique OTUs identified as compared to only 11 with the high grain diet. Comparison of the microbial profiles of clincial vs. subclinical acidotic heifers found a increases in the relative abundances of Acetitomaculum, Lactobacillus, Prevotella, and Streptococcus. Increases in Streptococcus and Lactobacillus likely reflect the tolerance of these species to low pH and their ability to proliferate on surplus fermentable carbohydrate. The acetogen, Acetitomaculum may thereforeplay a role in the conversion of lactate to acetate in acidotic animals. Further profiling of the bacterial populations associated with subclinical and clinical acidosis could establish a microbial fingerprint for these disorders and provide insight into whether there are causative microbial populations that could potentially be therapeutically manipulated.
292 citations
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TL;DR: In this article, a total of 25 field studies presenting direct comparisons between conventional tillage and no-till (approximately 45 site-years of data) were reviewed and grouped according to soil aeration status estimated using drainage class and precipitation during the growing season.
Abstract: Denitrification rates are often greater in no-till than in tilled soils and net soil-surface greenhouse gas emissions could be increased by enhanced soil N 2 O emissions following adoption of no-till. The objective of this study was to summarize published experimental results to assess whether the response of soil N 2 O fluxes to the adoption of no-till is influenced by soil aeration. A total of 25 field studies presenting direct comparisons between conventional tillage and no-till (approximately 45 site-years of data) were reviewed and grouped according to soil aeration status estimated using drainage class and precipitation during the growing season. The summary showed that no-till generally increased N 2 O emissions in poorly-aerated soils but was neutral in soils with good and medium aeration. On average, soil N 2 O emissions under no-till were 0.06 kg N ha −1 lower, 0.12 kg N ha −1 higher and 2.00 kg N ha −1 higher than under tilled soils with good, medium and poor aeration, respectively. Our results therefore suggest that the impact of no-till on N 2 O emissions is small in well-aerated soils but most often positive in soils where aeration is reduced by conditions or properties restricting drainage. Considering typical soil C gains following adoption of no-till, we conclude that increased N 2 O losses may result in a negative greenhouse gas balance for many poorly-drained fine-textured agricultural soils under no-till located in regions with a humid climate.
292 citations
Authors
Showing all 10964 results
Name | H-index | Papers | Citations |
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Fereidoon Shahidi | 119 | 951 | 57796 |
Miao Liu | 111 | 993 | 59811 |
Xiang Li | 97 | 1472 | 42301 |
Eviatar Nevo | 95 | 848 | 40066 |
Tim A. McAllister | 85 | 862 | 32409 |
Hubert Kolb | 84 | 420 | 25451 |
Daniel M. Weary | 83 | 437 | 22349 |
Karen A. Beauchemin | 83 | 423 | 22351 |
Nanthi Bolan | 83 | 550 | 31030 |
Oene Oenema | 80 | 361 | 23810 |
Santosh Kumar | 80 | 1196 | 29391 |
Yueming Jiang | 79 | 452 | 20563 |
Denis A. Angers | 76 | 256 | 19321 |
Tong Zhu | 72 | 472 | 18205 |
Christophe Lacroix | 69 | 353 | 15860 |