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Institution

Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada

FacilityOttawa, Ontario, Canada
About: Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada is a facility organization based out in Ottawa, Ontario, Canada. It is known for research contribution in the topics: Population & Soil water. The organization has 10921 authors who have published 21332 publications receiving 748193 citations. The organization is also known as: Department of Agriculture and Agri-Food.
Topics: Population, Soil water, Manure, Tillage, Loam


Papers
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Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: In this paper, a review of near-term operational sensors, handheld and tractor-mounted, for proximal remote measurements for N status determination is presented, where the authors focus on the relationship between sensor readings and optimal N rates, such as critical NSI (nitrogen sufficiency index), INSEY (in-season estimated yield), and sensor-determined CI (chlorophyll index).
Abstract: Improvements of nitrogen use efficiency (NUE) may be achieved through the use of sensing tools for N status determination Leaf and canopy chlorophyll, as well as leaf polyphenolics concentrations, are characteristics strongly affected by N availability that are often used as a surrogate to direct plant N status estimation Approaches with near-term operational sensors, handheld and tractor-mounted, for proximal remote measurements are considered in this review However, the information provided by these tools is unfortunately biased by factors other than N To overcome this obstacle, normalization procedures such as the well-fertilized reference plot, the no-N reference plot, and relative yield are often used Methods to establish useful relationships between sensor readings and optimal N rates, such as critical NSI (nitrogen sufficiency index), INSEY (in-season estimated yield), and the relationship between chlorophyll meter readings, grain yield, and sensor-determined CI (chlorophyll index) are also reviewed In a few cases, algorithms for translating readings into actual N fertilizer recommendation have been developed, but their value still seems limited to conditions similar to the ones where the research was conducted Near-term operational sensing can benefit from improvements in sensor operational characteristics (size and shape of footprint, positioning) or the choice of light wavebands more suitable for specific conditions (ie, genotype, growth stage, or crop density) However, one important limitation to their widespread use is the availability of algorithms that would be reliable in a variety of soil and weather conditions

274 citations

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: Tannins have traditionally been regarded as “anti-nutritional factor” for monogastric animals and poultry, but recent researches have revealed some of them, when applied in appropriate manner, improved intestinal microbial ecosystem, enhanced gut health and hence increased productive performance.

274 citations

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: In this paper, the influence of ridge and furrow rainfall harvesting system (RFRHS), surface mulching and supplementary irrigation (SI) in various combinations on rainwater harvesting, amount of moisture in soil, water use efficiency (WUE), biomass yield of sweet sorghum (Sorghum bicolour L.) and seed yield of maize (Zea mays L.).

273 citations

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: It is suggested that the appropriate trait for selection for enhanced WUE is increased gm/gs, and it is concluded that for simultaneous improvement of AN and WUE, genetic manipulation of gm should avoid parallel changes in gs.
Abstract: A key objective for sustainable agriculture and forestry is to breed plants with both high carbon gain and water-use efficiency (WUE). At the level of leaf physiology, this implies increasing net photosynthesis (A N) relative to stomatal conductance (g s). Here, we review evidence for CO2 diffusional constraints on photosynthesis and WUE. Analyzing past observations for an extensive pool of crop and wild plant species that vary widely in mesophyll conductance to CO2 (g m), g s, and foliage A N, it was shown that both g s and g m limit A N, although the relative importance of each of the two conductances depends on species and conditions. Based on Fick's law of diffusion, intrinsic WUE (the ratio A N/g s) should correlate on the ratio g m/g s, and not g m itself. Such a correlation is indeed often observed in the data. However, since besides diffusion A N also depends on photosynthetic capacity (i.e., V c,max), this relationship is not always sustained. It was shown that only in a very few cases, genotype selection has resulted in simultaneous increases of both A N and WUE. In fact, such a response has never been observed in genetically modified plants specifically engineered for either reduced g s or enhanced g m. Although increasing g m alone would result in increasing photosynthesis, and potentially increasing WUE, in practice, higher WUE seems to be only achieved when there are no parallel changes in g s. We conclude that for simultaneous improvement of A N and WUE, genetic manipulation of g m should avoid parallel changes in g s, and we suggest that the appropriate trait for selection for enhanced WUE is increased g m/g s.

273 citations

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: The objective was to validate the data generated by this electronic rumination monitoring system, which indicated that the electronic system was an accurate tool for monitoring this behavior in dairy cows.

273 citations


Authors

Showing all 10964 results

NameH-indexPapersCitations
Fereidoon Shahidi11995157796
Miao Liu11199359811
Xiang Li97147242301
Eviatar Nevo9584840066
Tim A. McAllister8586232409
Hubert Kolb8442025451
Daniel M. Weary8343722349
Karen A. Beauchemin8342322351
Nanthi Bolan8355031030
Oene Oenema8036123810
Santosh Kumar80119629391
Yueming Jiang7945220563
Denis A. Angers7625619321
Tong Zhu7247218205
Christophe Lacroix6935315860
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Performance
Metrics
No. of papers from the Institution in previous years
YearPapers
202314
202282
20211,078
20201,035
2019992
2018988