Showing papers by "Albion College published in 2003"
TL;DR: The ring sensor is an ambulatory, telemetric, continuous health-monitoring device that combines miniaturized data acquisition features with advanced photoplethysmographic techniques to acquire data related to the patient's cardiovascular state using a method far superior to existing fingertip PPG sensors.
Abstract: We address both technical and clinical issues of wearable biosensors (WBS). First, design concepts of a WBS are presented, with emphasis on the ring sensor developed by the author's group at MIT. The ring sensor is an ambulatory, telemetric, continuous health-monitoring device. This WBS combines miniaturized data acquisition features with advanced photoplethysmographic (PPG) techniques to acquire data related to the patient's cardiovascular state using a method that is far superior to existing fingertip PPG sensors. In particular, the ring sensor is capable of reliably monitoring a patient's heart rate, oxygen saturation, and heart rate variability. Technical issues, including motion artifact, interference with blood circulation, and battery power issues, are addressed, and effective engineering solutions to alleviate these problems are presented. Second, based on the ring sensor technology the clinical potentials of WBS monitoring are addressed.
525 citations
TL;DR: In this paper, the authors analyzed how corporate governance structures impact the innovation capabilities of leading German and UK firms in the pharmaceutical industry and found that the corporate governance structure allowed leading UK firms to more quickly adapt than German firms to rapidly changing external environmental conditions.
109 citations
TL;DR: Using a sample of almost 500 people, the regression analysis yields results consistent with the well-established pattern that small risks are overassessed and large risks are underassessed, as well as the switch point at which people go from underassessment to overassessment.
Abstract: General patterns of bias in risk beliefs are well established in the literature, but much less is known about how these biases vary across the population. Using a sample of almost 500 people, the regression analysis in this paper yields results consistent with the well established pattern that small risks are overassessed and large risks are underassessed. The accuracy of these risk beliefs varies across demographic factors, as does the switch point at which people go from underassessment to overassessment, which we found to be 1,500 deaths annually for the full sample. Better educated people have more accurate risk beliefs, and there are important differences in the risk perception by race and gender that also may be of policy interest.
79 citations
TL;DR: In this paper, the authors compare the ways anthropologists and archaeologists engage in discussions about the past with both the American public and local communities, and find that the two subfields are quite different in the two fields.
Abstract: ▪ Abstract History is of critical importance for anthropology because, in human affairs, the present is intimately linked to the past. Archaeology is important to the study of history because the material remains of the past supplement and interrogate historical documents. Collaboration between cultural anthropologists and archaeologists will produce a broader knowledge of past worlds and how those worlds have been constructed in historical texts, both past and present. Cultural anthropologists and archaeologists should also compare the ways in which they engage in discussions about the past with both the American public and local communities—discussions that are quite different in the two subfields.
52 citations
TL;DR: Poor survival of offspring, and small litter size may be a consequence of handling and transporting in nurse sharks from a wild, actively mating population of nurse sharks.
Abstract: Over a period of 3 years, five reproductively active female nurse sharks (Ginglymostoma cirratum) from a wild, actively mating population of nurse sharks were captured, confined, and periodically examined through the course of gestation to determine the gestation period and characterize paternity. In the final year of the study, candidate animals were first evaluated in the field by ultrasonography, and the selected animals were then transported from the study site to holding facilities at SeaWorld Adventure Parks in Orlando, Florida. Periodic monitoring of the animals was conducted by ultrasonography, endoscopy, and routine blood analysis. Gestation was determined to be a minimum of 131 days, multiple paternity was shown for two individual litters, and ultrasonography and endoscopy were shown to be useful adjuncts for assessing pregnancy and monitoring gestation in this species. Poor survival of offspring, and small litter size may be a consequence of handling and transporting
40 citations
TL;DR: In this paper, single shear-lap specimens having a solder joint area of 1 mm2 and nominally 100µm thickness on copper substrates were crept at 85°C and compared to dual shearlap specimens with copper and nickel interfaces that were thermomechanically cycled from −15°C to 150°C.
Abstract: Single shear-lap specimens having a solder joint area of 1 mm2 and nominally 100-µm thickness on copper substrates were crept at 85°C and compared to dual shear-lap specimens with copper and nickel interfaces that were thermomechanically cycled from −15°C to 150°C to mimic the solder-joint deformation history of surface-mount components. Electron microscopy revealed surface cracks in some grain boundaries in the creep specimen and shear bands and other surface relief features on the originally polished surfaces after 100 cycles with short times at high temperature and long times at cold temperature. Orientation imaging microscopy (OIM) studies of various regions of these specimens were used to determine how the microstructure and crystallographic orientations evolved with creep or thermomechanical cycling. These results are compared to ascertain how strain path, the anisotropy of Sn, and various slip systems could account for crack nucleation and ultimate failure of the solder joint in surface-mount components.
30 citations
TL;DR: In this paper, the authors describe hummocky terrain composed of boulder gravel and a wavy contact between stratified till and sand as products of subglacial meltwater activity beneath the Saginaw Lobe of the Laurentide Ice Sheet in southcentral Michigan.
Abstract: Hummocky terrain composed of boulder gravel and a wavy contact between stratified till and sand are described and explained as products of subglacial meltwater activity beneath the Saginaw Lobe of the Laurentide Ice Sheet in south-central Michigan. Exposures and geophysical investigations of hummocky terrain in a tunnel channel reveal that hummocks (˜100m diameter) are glaciofluvial bedforms with a supraglacial melt-out till or till flow veneer. The hummocky terrain is interpreted as a subglacial glaciofluvial landscape rather than one of stagnant ice processes commonly assumed for hummocky landscapes. Sandy bedforms at another site are in-phase with a wavy contact at the base of a stratified till exposed for 50m along the margin of a tunnel channel. The 0.4m thick stratified till is overlain by up to 5m of compact, pebble-rich, sandy subglacial melt-out till. The contact between the till and sand has a wave form with a 0.5m amplitude and 3-5m wavelength. Bedding within the stratified till, sandy bedforms and melt-out till are mostly in-phase with each other. Clasts from the overlying stratified till penetrate and deform the underlying sand recording recoupling of the ice to its bed. Ice ripples cut into the base of river ice have a similar morphology and are considered analogs for cavities cut into the base of the glacier and subsequently filled with sand. Subglacial meltwater activity was not coeval at each study site, indicating that subglacial meltwater played important roles in the evolution of the subglacial environment beneath the Saginaw Lobe at different times.
30 citations
TL;DR: Investigation of the relationship between parenting styles and college academic achievement indicated differences in maternal involvement and strictness and relationship of these variables to GPA.
Abstract: The purpose of this study was to investigate the relationship between parenting styles and college academic achievement. An ethnically diverse group of college students reported their GPA and responded to the Parenting Style Index. Parenting style scores were unrelated to college GPA. Additional analyses of ethnic groups indicated differences in maternal involvement and strictness and relationship of these variables to GPA.
28 citations
TL;DR: This paper examined whether supply or demand shocks have predominated in these economies during the post-war era, and whether shocks of either type have been primarily temporary or permanent in nature, and found that permanent or temporary demand shocks were the dominant source of variance in output growth in all six countries, but there is a less consistent pattern for inflation.
22 citations
TL;DR: This article found that while the adversarial system was rated significantly higher on the likelihood of all evidence will be presented, and the likelihood that both the victim and the defendant will get an opportunity to voice their cases, people showed a clear preference for their own system.
Abstract: Research comparing the adversarial and inquisitorial justice systems has consisted primarily of American participants reading descriptions of each system in their "pure" form, rather than descriptions that allow for the flexibility with which these systems are actually employed. In this study, participants from the Netherlands and the United States read short, realistic descriptions of each system and answered questions about the fairness of both procedures. Results indicated that while the adversarial system was rated significantly higher on the likelihood that all evidence will be presented, and the likelihood that both the victim and the defendant will get an opportunity to voice their cases, people showed a clear preference for their own system. This bias toward one justice system over another may be due to the cultural values reflected in each system.
18 citations
Journal Article•
TL;DR: The main purpose of this study was to document the vascular flora and major plant community types present in the core area of the Pierce Cedar Creek Institute (portions of Sec 19 & 30, T2N, R8W) in Barry County, Michigan, north and south of Cloverdale Road, roughly 12 km south of Hastings and ca. 4 km west of highway M-37 at Dowling as mentioned in this paper.
Abstract: The purpose of this study was to document the vascular flora and major plant community types present in the core area of the Pierce Cedar Creek Institute (portions of Sec 19 & 30, T2N, R8W) in Barry County, Michigan, north and south of Cloverdale Road, roughly 12 km south of Hastings and ca. 4 km west of highway M-37 at Dowling. This paper is a companion to Slaughter and Skean (2003), which presents a more detailed description of Institute property and its interesting relict conifer swamps.
TL;DR: In this paper, the authors describe how teachers may use resources from economic psychology to illustrate key concepts in the course of research methods, tests and measurement, and statistics classes to enhance student interest in research methods.
Abstract: To enhance student interest in research methods, tests and measurement, and statistics classes, we describe how teachers may use resources from economic psychology to illustrate key concepts in the...
TL;DR: The T3 successfully discriminates on multiple measures between persons simulating optimal and sub-optimal performance.
Abstract: Twenty-four undergraduates were assigned to two groups to determine if the T3 computerized finger-tapping task could discriminate between persons motivated to perform optimally and those motivated to perform sub-optimally. Group HI was instructed to simulate a head-injured person undergoing an insurance evaluation, whereas group J was instructed to simulate an applicant undergoing a job interview. Group HI tapped slower, demonstrated less fatigue, less similarity between their right- and left-hand performance, and showed less of a speed advantage for the preferred hand. While group HI displayed less variability for the non-preferred hand, the groups did not differ on variability for the preferred hand. Therefore, the T3 successfully discriminates on multiple measures between persons simulating optimal and sub-optimal performance. © 2003 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Clin Psychol 59: 123–131, 2003.
TL;DR: According to Lyman, a specter continues to haunt social theory in the United States and that specter is "postmodernism" as mentioned in this paper, and it is "no wonder, then, that the present millennial moment is conceptualized as one 'in between' another, as one whose condition can only be designated as post-modernity, with no name for the age and situation that will follow".
Abstract: According to Stanford Lyman, a specter continues to haunt social theory in the United States and that specter is "postmodernism" In Roads to Dystopia,2 Lyman continues3 a critical engagement with postmodern theory?especially that work which has been most influential with, and appropriated by, American sociologists Although critical of postmodern thought, Lyman is never dismissive of his subject4 Indeed, Lyman expresses a certain sympathy with some arguments within postmodernism because much is familiar to him5 In his existentialist sociology of the absurd, an intellectual project first articulated by Lyman and others more than a quar ter century ago,6 several recognizably "postmodern" themes, he maintains, can be found Lyman accepts that we live in postmodern times, a condition characterized, he suggests, by alienation and despair It is because of this, however, that he ultimately rejects the postmodernist's response Reflecting on our present historical condition, Lyman observes that it is "no wonder, then, that the present millennial moment is conceptualized as one 'in between' another, as one whose condition can only be designated as post-modernity, with no name for the age and situation that will follow"7 He concedes that our sense of time, our social and cultural memory, and even our abilities for self-expression, are all subject to ever-increasing fragmen tation Although our traditional landmarks are now blurred and shifting, Lyman refuses to acquiesce to other claims of postmodernism: namely, that
TL;DR: In this article, the authors consider the possibility of a more democratically meaningful understanding of justice in the space provided by law and make an attempt to think seriously about the claim that ''law provides a terrain of contestation on which the powerless can hold the powerful to account by insisting that [the] legitimating rhetoric [of liberal legalism] be turned into action''.
Abstract: One of my concerns here has to do with what I perceive as the possible elision of the normative possibilities of law– and, therefore, the possibility of a more democratically meaningful understanding of justice in the space provided by law. It is an attempt to think seriously about the claim that ``law provides a terrain of contestation on which the powerless can hold the powerful to account by insisting that [the] legitimating rhetoric [of liberal legalism] be turned into action.''