Albion College

About: Albion College is a education organization based out in Albion, Michigan, United States. It is known for research contribution in the topics: Population & Higher education. The organization has 485 authors who have published 754 publications receiving 20907 citations.

Characteristics and Unmet Clinical Needs Related to Hepatocellular Carcinoma

Abstract: Advances in biomedical research require animal models that accurately recapitulate human disease. Without such models, progress against human diseases such as cancer is significantly hindered. Here, we present the current landscape on available and emerging hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) animal models. HCC is the second leading cause of cancer death worldwide, with an annual death toll exceeding 745,000. Stunningly, only 15% of HCC patients are candidates for curative therapy, leading 85% of patients to seek palliative therapeutic options. The VX2 rabbit model is considered the most relevant and widely used HCC model; however, more reliable HCC models are critically needed. In general, animal models for biomedical research should (1) mimic the human disease on a molecular basis, (2) derive from a relevant cell line that lends itself to in vitro study, (3) be reliable and predictable, (4) manifest survival differences, (5) allow for accurate treatment assessment, (6) be readily imaged, and (7) occur in similar background settings as the human disease. Over the past decades, numerous small animal models have been utilized for HCC studies; however, the development of new large animal models as qualified alternatives to murine models represents a key technology to advance research into human clinical trials.

Psychotherapy in the Third Reich: a research note.

Abstract: This study seeks to examine and illuminate some aspects of the history of psychotherapy in Germany during the twentieth century. The specific focus encompasses the profession's development between the two world wars and within that time frame centers on the National Socialist era. Psychotherapy existed for a long time on the margins of the academic medical establishment, accused by the holders of the powerful nosological tradition in German psychiatry of romantic and unscientific “dilettantism,” on the one hand, and of a materialistic “dismemberment of the soul,” on the other. The internal chaos of the Nazi state and the precedence taken by mobilization over reform allowed the growth of psychotherapy from the status of a method to that of a profession.

Advanced superimposed sputtering of amorphous Indium Zinc Oxide transparent conductors for Energy applications

Abstract: In this work, we investigate the use of RF, DC, and mixed RF/DC magnetron sputtering and its effect on the optoelectronic properties of amorphous Indium Zinc Oxide (IZO) films sputtered from an 87/13 wt% ceramic target. The effect of oxygen concentration in the sputter gas is examined at several RF/DC power ratios and a variety of total powers to help optimize conductivity. We find that higher conductivities can be achieved at 50% of the typical DC sputtering oxygen concentration when duplicated via mixed RF/DC sputtering. By combining the two, mixed RF/DC sputtering allows for the high deposition rates of typical DC sputter deposition, while obtaining the greater conductivities and transparencies assisted by RF sputtering.

Taking Responsibility: PRWORA's Limits to Immigrant Access

Abstract: The 1996 welfare reforms in the US made significant changes to the eligibility criteria for immigrants to receive benefits. These reforms coincided with significant immigration reforms, tightening the requirements for legal citizenship and loosening the accountability requirements for the state in its dealing with immigrants. In this paper I suggest that the drive to limit immigrants' autonomy through welfare reform is founded on a claim that immigrants who seek out welfare have failed to "take responsibility" for the consequences of their autonomous choice to migrate. This foundational claim is deeply problematic, first because it assumes an individualistic conception of autonomy, and second because it reflects a view of immigration divorced from the reality of the economic and political interdependence of nation-states throughout the world. Immigrants' decisions to migrate can be understood as autonomous, I suggest, but only when autonomy is conceived relationally. Such decisions, where taken by emigrants from impoverished nations, must be understood as relationally constituted in part by the failure of the U.S. to take responsibility for its political and economic actions, which allow American citizens to live a comparatively privileged life at the expense of citizens of other nations. In fact, if we shift the notion of personal responsibility at the heart of the foundational claim to one of political responsibility, understood as a critical expression of autonomy, we can understand many immigrants' claims to welfare rights as forms of taking political responsibility. Such claims challenge structural conditions of inequality generated by the system of "birthright citizenship," which unequally and arbitrarily distributes benefits of citizenship status.

Institutional Distrust, Institutional Participation, and Protest Behavior in the European Social Movement Sector

Abstract: Institutional distrust has become a pervasive element of global society in general and European society in particular. Concurrently, participation in institutions is also declining, raising concerns about the effectiveness of civil society. Distrust of institutions like the political, education, legal-judicial, and law enforcement systems is linked to declining participation in mainstream political behaviors like voting, but it is unclear how individuals’ trust of and participation in certain institutions affects social movement activity and participation in protest. Here, I use recent European protest movements to better understand the link between institutional distrust, institutional participation, and social protest. Using the 7th wave of the European Social Survey, I construct several multilevel mixed-effects logistic regressions predicting participation in four forms of protest: signing petitions, boycotting products, wearing protest badges, and participating in demonstrations. It turns out that, while institutional distrust is moderately and positively linked to certain forms of protest, those who partake in mainstream political institutions are far more likely to participate in all forms of protest.