Showing papers by "Alcatel-Lucent published in 1975"

Ramsey theorems for multiple copies of graphs

Abstract: If G and H are graphs, define the Ramsey number r(G, H) to be the least number p such that if the edges of the complete graph Kp are colored red and blue (say), either the red graph contains G as a subgraph or the blue graph contains H. Let mG denote the union of m disjoint copies of G . The following result is proved : Let G and H have k and I points respectively and have point independence numbers of i and j respectively. Then N 1 5 r(mG, nH) < N + C, where N = km + In min(mi, ml) and where C is an effectively computable function of G and H. The method used permits exact evaluation of r(mG, nH) for various choices of G and H, especially when m = n or G = H. In particular, r(mK3 , nK 3 ) = 3m + 2n when m _> n, m 3 2 . 1 . Introduction . Let G and H be graphs without isolated points . Following Chvátal and Harary [11, define the Ramsey number r(G, H) to be the least integer n such that if the edges of Kn (the complete graph on n points) are two-colored, say red and blue, either the red graph contains G as a subgraph or the blue graph containsH. Note that r(Kk, KI) is the \"ordinary\" Ramsey number r(k, 1) for which an extensive literature exists . The evaluation of r(G, H) has received attention from several authors in recent years. An extensive survey is given in [2] . In this paper we will generally follow the notation of Harary [3] . In particular, let nG denote the union of n vertex-disjoint copies of G . In §2 we obtain surprisingly sharp and general upper and lower bounds for r(nG, nH) for G and H fixed and n sufficiently large. In §3 we extend these results to r(mG, nH), in §4 to k-graphs . In §5 we consider a related problem of J . W. Moon concerning the decomposition of a complete graph into complete monochromatic subgraphs of prescribed size . Finally, in §6 we give exact values for various cases . 2. The Ramsey numbers r(nG, IIH). Again following [3], let p(G) denote the number of points of G and let 9,(G) denote the number of points in a maximal independent set in G . As a special notation, let [X] 2 denote the complete graph on X and XY denote the complete bipartite graph on X and Y. Also, let r(G) = r(G, G) ; these we call the diagonal Ramsey numbers . Presented to the Society, January 16, 1974 ; received by the editors January 14, 1974 . AMS (MOS) subject classifications (1970) . Primary 05C35 ; Secondary 05C15 . ( 1 ) Supported under U .S. Office of Naval Research Contract N00014-67-A-0202-0063 . Copyright © 1975 . American Mathematical Society

Vehicle control system

Abstract: A control system is proposed which is capable of controlling driverless vehicles running on a fixed guideway according to schedule or demand. An input device is disposed at each station along the guideway to enable each passenger to enter his destination. A command and control center is in communication with the vehicles on the guideway and all the input devices. The center receives from each of the input devices simultaneously destination information and the identity of that one of the input devices providing the destination information to provide start information. A memory arrangement in the center contains control information for standard and diversion routes for all possible start-destination relationships. A computer arrangement in the center determines from all input information from the input devices whether the transport system should operate in a demand or scheduled mode at that moment in view of given operating criteria. An arrangement in the center communicates operating commands to each of the vehicles. The operating commands are a sequence of stored control information for standard or diverse routes and correspond to the mode of operation as determined by the computer arrangement.

Method for the manufacturing of thermoelectric modules

Abstract: Method for the manufacturing of thermoelectric modules, consisting in assembling a succession of alternate plates of P type and of N type separated by insulating sheets, of which one in two protrudes beyond the upper face of the assembly, the others protruding beyond the lower face. After immersion of these two faces in the brazing material to establish junctions separated by insulating sheets, the assembly is cut up into thin slices, orthogonally to the plates and one thin slice in two is overturned before the cementing of the slices together. The invention is used in heart stimulators.

Connector for optical fibres

Abstract: The invention relates to a connector for optical fibres. The connector between two fibres comprises a pressing assembly formed by three rolls inside a flexible casing and two cones partly engaged inside the pressing assembly, at its respective ends, and a means for actuating one of the cones in a linear movement to control the opening and closing of the pressing assembly on the ends of the fibres. The invention applies to the transmitting of data by a light beam.

Determination of masking-level differences in a reverberant environment

Abstract: A masking‐level difference paradigm was used to measure release from masking in a reverberant environment. Microphones were placed in the ears of a mannequin which was situated in a reverberant chamber. A single white‐noise source was fed into loudspeaker also situated in the chamber with the loudspeaker facing one corner of the chamber to minimize the direct sound reaching the mannequin. The output of each microphone served as the masker, while the signal (250‐Hz pulsed tone or speech) was electrically inserted at the subject's earphones. For the diotic case, the output of one of the microphones was fed to both ears of the subject. For both signals, the MLD was found to be approximately 3 dB. Results will be discussed in terms of a decorrelating effect produced by longterm reverberation.

Echo cancelling device

Abstract: Echo canceller, canceling an echo signal y (t), generated by a signal x (t), comprising a transversal digital filter whose N weighting coefficients C i , correlated with N coded samples of x (t) enable the forming of a synthetic echo signal y (t) and comprising an adaptive control loop adjusting the coefficients C i , characterized in that the adaptive control loops effects the correlation between the signs of the N coded samples of x (t) and of the residual echo signal γ (t) and determines the correction Δ C i adjusting the coefficients C i by multiplication of the residual signal | e (t) | by a coefficient α close to zero accompanied by the sign of the aforementioned correlation of signs.

Device for multiplexing N plesiochronous digital trains

Abstract: The invention comes within the field of multiplex digital transmissions. It concerns a device for multiplexing n digital plesiochronous trains into a more rapid digital train, comprising n channel elements for synchronizing together the plesiochronous trains by adding of extra bits called "justification bits" and a multiplexing element for sending out, from the synchronized trains, the rapid multiplex train. According to the invention, each of the channel elements comprises means for inserting, at a determined location place in the corresponding synchronized train, a justification request signal, the said multiplexing element comprising means for reading each of the n justification request signals and controlling the insertion in the multiplex train of justification indicator bits and means for giving, if required, to the corresponding channel element, the permission to effect a justification.

Multiple receiver screen type picture displaying device

Abstract: A device for displaying distinct pictures on n receiver screens of the television type comprising n+1 picture maintaining memories which can be connected to the n receivers through n switches and a monitoring element ensuring the charging of the memory which has not been read during the reading of the n memories.

Apparatus for detecting the rhythm of an NRZ message

Abstract: The device comes within the branch of digital transmission and refers more particularly to the problem of the recognition of a message coded in the "no return to zero" code, which is usually rhythmed by a given frequency. According to the invention, a phase-locked loop is provided for reconstituting the original rhythm from the message, and a phase shifter having an instantaneous action is additionally provided in that loop. The analysis of the reaction of the loop after that phase shift, by means of integrators, gives a statistical data information on the existence of a message. The invention applies more particularly to very noisy NRZ transmission lines.

Method and means for detecting an outgoing failure in a bidirectional communications span and looping the same in response thereto

Abstract: An automatic span line switch for PCM communication lines is disclosed which isolates alarm conditions to an actual span line failure, as distinguished from failures in the terminal equipment. In addition, the switch uses a specific code transmission to provide fast switching and to permit identification of the direction of failure. Although the circuit is capable of switching span segments individually and independently, it can transmit an alarm to a distant central office and automatically establish an appropriate test loop in the presence of test transmissions when needed to permit single-end troubleshooting. The switch further tests the dead line continuously and stringently for error-free data transmission, and automatically resets without disturbing traffic when the trouble has been corrected. An extremely flexible priority system for selected channels is also provided, and the circuitry on both ends of all channels (including the protective channel) is identical to minimize parts inventory costs.

Arrangement of high frequency pulse regenerative repeaters

Abstract: The invention concerns regenerative repeaters for pulses. The method consists of detecting errors, coding them and recording them in a channel of a tele-locating frame. Each regenerative repeater of a connection has a channel which is attributed to it, for example channel i, for the repeater whose order is i. The device implementing the method comprises means for directing the tele-locating signals at the input of the repeater, memorizing them and applying them to a low-frequency modulator which reinjects them into a directing means at the output of the repeater; it comprises also means for detecting the channel whose order is i and recording therein the coded proportion of error of the repeater.

Apparatus for selectively altering image data for CRT display in order to facilitate image analysis

Abstract: Apparatus for treatment of luminance and/or color data included in information representative of an image to be displayed in a visual display system, comprising a comparator for comparing the data with at least one reference datum defined upon a scale of level possible variations and a device for switching the levels of the data according to the positioning in relation to each reference datum to lead to a precise analysis of the displayed image.

Level regulator of the digital type

Abstract: The invention concerns a level regulator for a frequency division multiplex group, having a variable gain network controlled basically by the observing of the amplitude of a pilot wave contained in the multiplex group, comprising a digital filter preceded by a sampling device and an analog-digital converter for extracting the pilot wave from the multiplex group downstream from the variable gain network, a calculation circuit connected to the digital filter for determining a number which is a function of the level, over a predetermined interval of time, of the pilot wave at the output of the filter, and a digital comparison element which compares that number with a reference value with a view to generating a control signal for the said network. In a particular embodiment of the invention, the multiplex group is transposed towards the low frequencies before being digitally processed.

The hyperfine field on carbon in iron

Abstract: Integral perturbed angular correlation experiments have been carried out on recoilimplanted15C nuclei in iron. The 739 keV5/2+ level of15C was populated via the14C(d, p)15C* reaction. Using the known g-factor and lifetime of the state, effective internal fields of −12.4±1.1 kG and −10.9±1.5 kG were determined at room temperature and 77 K, respectively. A conduction electron polarization hyperfine field of about −20 kG was deduced from the data.

Horn for radioelectric antennas

Abstract: Radioelectric antennas for hertzian beams with construction simplifying the manufacturing of a horn for such an antenna whose inside surface is corrugated. The horn comprises an outside sheet metal support on the inside of which is installed, one beside another, a great number of rings, having a shape such that two adjacent rings form a corrugation. Such structure enables economical manufacturing and facilitates adapting to various shapes of corrugations in the same horn.

Centering device for a transverse filter of an echo canceller

Abstract: Centering device for an adjustable transverse filter of a digital echo canceller in a telephone network, in which said transverse filter produces samples of a synthetic echo signal y (t) deduced from N servo-controlled weights C representing the samples of the pulse-response of the echo path and deduced from the same number of samples X (T) of a signal x (t) in the reception line, and in which the N samples X (T) are delayed in a delay circuit ahead of said transverse filter, the delay time being given by the minor rank of said coefficients C lying above a threshold value, this minor rank being detected at the end of given convergence time of said transverse filter.

A Plutonium-238-Fueled Cardiac Pacemaker

Abstract: The isotopic cardiac pacemaker directly applies nuclear technology to the field of medicine. Developed in 1970, the Laurens-Alcatel Model 9000 Pacemaker is now being implanted in humans in strict accordance with procedures set down by various regulatory agencies. This paper is an interim report on the reliability tests (with the resultant data) that have been performed on the isotopic cardiac pacemaker.The theoretical data for the longevity of the isotopic generator are discussed, as are the results for resistance to shock and corrosion tests. Comparative data are also given on the energy density of the isotopic generator and compared with other electrical power sources commonly used in cardiac pacing. The source thermal 238Pu source has also been subjected to increasingly severe tests to ensure complete containment of all radioactive material.

Telegraph transmission apparatus

Abstract: Waveform generating arrangement in which transitions between mark and space elements in a telegraph signal cause a pulse width modulated representation of a minimal-interference waveform having a predetermined profile of transitions to be read from a read-only memory. This waveform is then applied to an isolating output circuit which contains smoothing means to demodulate the signal to obtain output transitions with the predetermined profile of transitions.

Hyperfrequency band-cut filter

Abstract: Hyperfrequency band-cut filter enabling the transmitting of a first lower frequency band and cancelling a second frequency band which is absorbed. It is constituted by a compact assembly comprising two blocks fixed to each other and forming a rectangular wave guide whose upper and lower walls are drilled with slots connected to resonant cavities at the second frequency band, hollowed out in the faces opposite to the faces of the rectangular wave guide and comprising, moreover, two plates which are screwed onto said blocks overlying said cavities.

A proof of Bernstein’s theorem on regularly monotonic functions

Abstract: A function is called "regularly monotonic" if it is of class Cw and each derivative is of a fixed sign (which may depend on the order of the derivative). We present a short proof of Bernstein's theorem on the analyticity of such functions. This paper presents a short proof of Bernstein's theorem Li] on "regularly monotonic" functions. For background on this subject (and a presentation of Bernstein's original proof) we refer the reader to the brief survey paper by Boas [2], and the references cited there. The book [3] contains a proof of a special case of Bernstein's theorem. That proof for that special case partially motivated the proof we present here. Before giving our proof of Bernstein's theorem, we recall that a regularly monotonic function is a function of class C?? on a real interval (a, b) for which each derivative is of fixed sign on (a, b). Theorem. I/ F(x) is regularly monotonic on (a, b), then F(x) is analytic on (a, b). Proof. We assume for convenience that a = -b 0, and f(n+2)(x) > 0, then for x E[0, b), JRnx)I > IRn+l(x)#, where RM(x) is the mth remainder in the Taylor expansion of f about x = 0. Proof of Lemma. Write the remainder as Received by the editors November 5, 1973. AMS (MOS) subject classifications (1970). Primary 26A48, 26A90, 26A93; Secondary 26A24, 26A51, 26A84, 26A86.

Digital group modulator

Abstract: Group modulator having digital operation for processing samples taken from n voice frequency channels. Digitized samples are divided into a plurality of subgroups, for example two subgroups of n/2 channels, and applied through first and second double modulation circuits. The respective outputs of the modulation circuits are applied through a circuit which is alternately switched to add and subtract the outputs. After the sums and remainders have been passed through a digital to analog converter, they are alternately switched to be applied through separate analog filters having different pass bands to a common output.

Method for manufacturing compact thermoelectric modules

Abstract: A manufacturing method of thermoelectric modules having slight internal resistance comprising very thin plates of P type and of N type stacked alternately and connection bridges between each plate of P type and the neighbouring plates of N type. The method is characterized in that after cutting out of the plates of P and N type an alternate sequence of plates of P type and of N type is formed by assembling plates, and by inserting, between two plates, insulating sheets every other one of which extends beyond the upper face of the assembly, the others extending beyond the lower face and then by immersion of the lower and upper faces in brazing material.