Alcatel-Lucent

About: Alcatel-Lucent is a based out in Stuttgart, Germany. It is known for research contribution in the topics: Signal & Network packet. The organization has 37003 authors who have published 53332 publications receiving 1430547 citations. The organization is also known as: Alcatel-Lucent S.A. & Alcatel.

Intermixing at the tantalum oxide/silicon interface in gate dielectric structures

Abstract: Metal oxides with high dielectric constants have the potential to extend scaling of transistor gate capacitance beyond that of ultrathin silicon dioxide. However, during deposition of most metal oxides on silicon, an interfacial region of SiOx can form that limits the specific capacitance of the gate structure. We have examined the composition of this layer using high-resolution depth profiling of medium ion energy scattering combined with infrared spectroscopy and transmission electron microscopy. We find that the interfacial region is not pure SiO2, but is a complex depth-dependent ternary oxide of Si–Tax–Oy with a dielectric constant at least twice that of pure SiO2 as inferred from electrical measurements. High-temperature annealing crystallizes the Ta2O5 film and converts the composite oxide to a more pure SiO2 layer with a lower capacitance density. Using low postanneal temperatures, a stable composite oxide structure can be obtained with good electrical properties and an effective SiO2 thickness of...

Optical Generation and Characterization of Acoustic Waves in Thin Films: Fundamentals and Applications

Abstract: ▪ Abstract The mechanical and acoustic properties of thin films and multilayer assemblies are important both for technological applications of these materials and for basic scientific studies of their physical behavior. Techniques that use optical methods to monitor acoustic waves stimulated in thin films with short pulsed lasers are useful for accurately and nondestructively characterizing the high frequency acoustic physics of these systems. This review briefly summarizes some of these techniques and focuses on a method known as impulsive stimulated thermal scattering or transient grating photoacoustics. It describes the most advanced experimental techniques for performing this measurement and outlines its application to the study of acoustic waveguide modes in a variety of thin films. These measurements, coupled with models for the physics of the modes, can be used to determine intrinsic mechanical properties of materials and structures that occur, for example, in microelectronics and high-frequency ac...

Cochlear micromechanics--a physical model of transduction.

Abstract: One of the basic questions which has persisted in the field of hearing theory is the still unresolved mechanical action of hair‐cell transduction The fundamental problem that has historically plagued researches is the discrepancy between mechanically measured tuning of basilar membrane motion and neurally measured tuning In this paper we show that the difference between these two measures appears to be accounted for by a specific, physically motivated, micromechanical model This model gives rise to a spectral zero which we identify as the ’’second‐filter’’ of cochlear transduction For high‐frequency fibers this zero resides at a fixed frequency ratio below CF (characteristic frequency) while for fibers having low‐frequency CF’s the zero appears to go to zero frequency faster than CF In this paper we first present and analyze the assumed mechanical model We then briefly discuss a possible specific physical realization for the nonlinearity of cochlea mechanics The nonlinear model is based on dynamica

Smart card for automatic financial records

Abstract: A smart card that allows for the categorization of expenses at the time they are incurred and the automatic generation and storage of information concerning the date, payee, and amount of the transaction. A single smart card is utilized to record and categorize transactions as they occur by transaction identities. These transaction identities are business or personal classification, cash, check, or credit card type transactions, and expense categories. The smart card has a alphanumeric display and a keyboard for selecting the class, type, and category. These items are selected by the entry of numbers on the keyboard but textual information is displayed to identify these items in response to the entered numbers. A program in a personal computer is used to specify the class, type, and categories along with the textual information in the smart card via a smart card reader. These specifications correspond to a spreadsheet that has been entered on the personal computer by the user of the smart card. The personal computer loads the textual information defining the class, type, and category into the smart card so that it corresponds to the titles of the entries on the spreadsheet.

Code division multiple access system providing load and interference based demand assignment service to users

Abstract: A code division multiple access system provides a way of allocating an increased data rate to a requesting mobile station A mobile station requesting a data rate in excess of the basic data rate sends received pilot strength data for its base station and base stations in adjacent cells The received pilot strength data is used to determine an increased data rate to be assigned to the requesting mobile station One feature assigns an increased data rate when the received pilot strength data has a predetermined relationship to an established threshold Another feature utilizes a series of threshold levels, each pair of levels associated with a different permitted data rate Using the received pilot strength data, a data rate is determined which satisfies all adjacent cell interference concerns Another feature uses average adjacent cell capacity loads rather than threshold levels, together with the received pilot strength data, to determine the appropriate increased data rate to be assigned to a user requesting an increased data rate