Aligarh Muslim University

About: Aligarh Muslim University is a education organization based out in Aligarh, Uttar Pradesh, India. It is known for research contribution in the topics: Population & Adsorption. The organization has 8218 authors who have published 16416 publications receiving 289068 citations. The organization is also known as: AMU.

Measurement of an excess in the Yield of J/ψ at very low pT in Pb-Pb collisions at √sNN=2.76 TeV

Abstract: We report on the first measurement of an excess in the yield of J/ψ at very low transverse momentum (pT< 0.3 GeV/c) in peripheral hadronic Pb-Pb collisions at √sNN = 2.76 TeV, performed by ALICE at the CERN LHC. Remarkably, the measured nuclear modification factor of J/ψ in the rapidity range 2.5< y< 4 reaches about 7 (2) in the pT range 0- 0.3 GeV/c in the 70-90% (50-70%) centrality class. The J/ψ production cross section associated with the observed excess is obtained under the hypothesis that coherent photoproduction of J/ψ is the underlying physics mechanism. If confirmed, the observation of J/ψ coherent photoproduction in Pb-Pb collisions at impact parameters smaller than twice the nuclear radius opens new theoretical and experimental challenges and opportunities. In particular, coherent photoproduction accompanying hadronic collisions may provide insight into the dynamics of photoproduction and nuclear reactions, as well as become a novel probe of the Quark-Gluon Plasma.

Flower-shaped ZnO nanoparticles synthesized by a novel approach at near-room temperatures with antibacterial and antifungal properties

Abstract: Due to enormous applications of metal oxide nanoparticles in research and health-related applications, metal oxide nanoparticles are increasingly being developed through cheaper and more user-friendly approaches. We have formulated a simple route to synthesize zinc oxide nanoparticles (ZNPs) by a sol-gel method at near-room temperatures 25°C, 35°C, 55°C, and 75°C. The results are analyzed by X-ray diffraction, scanning electron microscopy with energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy, and ultraviolet-visible absorption spectroscopy. The effect of different temperature conditions (25°C-75°C) on the particulate sizes (23.7-88.8 nm), pH levels (11.7-11.9), and morphologies (slender needle-broad arrow) of flower-shaped ZNP colonies is studied. A possible mechanism depicting the growth rates at different temperatures and of different facets, mainly towards the ,0 0 0 I. and ,0 I I 0. planes of the ZNPs has also been discussed. The values of λ max (293-298 nm) suggest that ZNPs prepared at 55°C are the most effective ultraviolet B absorbers, and that they can be used in sunscreens. Highly significant antimicrobial activity against medically important Gram-positive (Staphylococcus aureus) and Gram-negative (Escherichia coli) bacteria and fungi (Candida albicans) by these ZNPs was also revealed. As S. aureus and C. albicans are responsible for many contagious dermal infections such as abscesses, furuncles, carbuncles, cellulitis, and candidiasis, we can postulate that our fabricated ZNPs may be useful as antimicrobial agents in antiseptic creams and lotions for the treatment of skin diseases.

Biophysical investigation of thymoquinone binding to ‘N’ and ‘B’ isoforms of human serum albumin: exploring the interaction mechanism and radical scavenging activity

Abstract: Thymoquinone (TQ) is the main constituent of Nigella sativa and is traditionally used as a folk medicine Our aim was to investigate the binding mechanism of TQ to human serum albumin (HSA) isoforms (‘N’ form at pH 74 and ‘B’ form at pH 90) using biophysical methods such as intrinsic tryptophan fluorescence quenching, isothermal titration calorimetry (ITC), circular dichroism (CD), dynamic light scattering (DLS), Forster resonance energy transfer (FRET) and antioxidant activity in the absence and presence of TQ We have calculated the binding and thermodynamic parameters from spectroscopic and calorimetric methods CD and DLS were respectively used to monitor the changes in the secondary structure and hydrodynamic radii of HSA as a result of its interaction with TQ The esterase and antioxidant or radical scavenging activities of both the isoforms of HSA were investigated in the absence/presence of TQ The antioxidant activity of TQ was remarkably enhanced upon its interaction with HSA Therefore, the efficiency of HSA to scavenge the free radical ions was increased in the presence of TQ which is generated in the body by various metabolic processes

Compactness by the Hausdorff measure of noncompactness

Abstract: In the present paper, we establish some identities or estimates for the operator norms and the Hausdorff measures of noncompactness of certain operators given by infinite matrices that map an arbitrary B K -space into the sequence spaces c 0 , c , l ∞ and l 1 , and into the matrix domains of triangles in these spaces. Furthermore, by using the Hausdorff measure of noncompactness, we apply our results to characterize some classes of compact operators on the B K -spaces.