American Cancer Society

About: American Cancer Society is a nonprofit organization based out in Atlanta, Georgia, United States. It is known for research contribution in the topics: Cancer & Population. The organization has 1339 authors who have published 3700 publications receiving 688166 citations. The organization is also known as: American Cancer Society, ACS & American Society for the Control of Cancer.

Long-term cancer patient survival in the United States.

Abstract: Although survival rates are useful for monitoring progress in the early detection and treatment of cancer and are of particular interest to patients with new diagnoses, there are limited population-based estimates of long-term survival rates. We used data collected by the Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results Program for cases diagnosed during 1974-1991 and followed through 1992 to estimate relative survival at 5, 10, and 15 years after diagnosis of cancer of the breast, prostate, colon and rectum, and lung. Relative survival after diagnosis of breast and prostate cancer continued to decline up through 15 years after diagnosis, whereas survival after diagnosis of lung and colon or rectal cancer remained approximately constant after 5 and 10 years, respectively. Age-specific patterns of survival varied by site, stage, and demographics. Among patients with localized breast and prostate cancer, women who were younger than age 45 at breast cancer diagnosis and men who were 75 years and older at prostate cancer diagnosis had the poorest relative survival. Relative survival among lung cancer patients decreased with age at diagnosis, regardless of stage or demographics, and age-specific patterns of relative survival for patients with cancer of the colon and rectum differed according to race. Among white patients diagnosed with cancers of the colon and rectum, relative survival did not vary by age at diagnosis; among black patients older than 45 at diagnosis, relative survival decreased with age. This study provides population-based estimates of long-term survival and confirms black/white, male/female, and stage- and age-specific differences for the major cancers.

Incident Cases Captured in the National Cancer Database Compared with Those in U.S. Population Based Central Cancer Registries in 2012-2014.

Abstract: The National Cancer Database (NCDB) is a hospital-based cancer registry that includes diagnostic, staging, treatment, and outcomes data for newly diagnosed cancer patients in the United States. The NCDB data include 31 million records for patients diagnosed between 1985–2015. A Participant User File based on a subset of these data has been available to researchers at facilities accredited by the Commission on Cancer since 2010. This study aimed to compare the number of incident cancer cases in the NCDB with a national population cancer registry. Incident cancer cases in the NCDB in 2012–2014 were compared with the number of cancer cases in the United States Cancer Statistics data for the 2012–2014 diagnosis years. Comparisons were made by primary site and other factors. In 2012–2014, the NCDB captured 72% of the cancer cases in the United States, which was slightly higher than the 67% and 69% reported respectively in two prior assessments. Among the top 10 major cancer sites, the highest coverage (80%) was found for breast cancer, and the lowest was found for melanoma of the skin (52%) and prostate (58%). Colon, bladder, and kidney and renal pelvis cancers had relatively high coverage of 71%, 70% and 78%, respectively, whereas lung and bronchus had slightly lower coverage (65%). The NCDB coverage of U.S. cancer cases has remained relatively high (72%), but differences remain by cancer site and other factors that should be taken into account by users of the NCDB data.

Stable behaviors associated with adults' 10-year change in body mass index and likelihood of gain at the waist.

Abstract: OBJECTIVES: The purpose of this study was to identify behaviors associated with change in body mass index or with weight gain at the waist. METHODS: A cohort of 79236 White, non-Hispanic, healthy adults was questioned in 1982 and 1992 about diet and 10 physical activities. Estimates were made of the mean effects of stable behaviors on 10-year change in body mass index and on odds ratios for gain at the waist. RESULTS: Ten-year changes in body mass index was associated positively with meat consumption and smoking cessation and inversely with vegetable consumption, vitamin E supplementation, continued smoking, and some vigorous activities (e.g., jogging/running). Women's body mass index decreased with walking 4 or more hours per week and with regular alcohol intake, but these behaviors had a smaller effect on men's body mass index. weight gain was inversely associated with high vegetable consumption, walking 4 or more hours per week, and jogging/running 1 to 3 hours per week but not with less demanding phys...

Lifetime recreational exercise activity and breast cancer risk among black women and white women.

Abstract: Background: Physical inactivity is a potentially modifi able breast cancer risk factor. Because few data on this rela tionship exist for black women, we examined the relationship between breast cancer risk and lifetime and time- or age- specifi c measures of recreational exercise activity among white women and among black women. Methods: The Women’s Contraceptive and Reproductive Experiences Study was a multicenter populationbased case – control study of black women and white women aged 35 – 64 years with newly diagnosed invasive breast cancer. We collected detailed histories of lifetime recreational exercise activity during in-person interviews with 4538 case patients with breast cancer (1605 black and 2933 white) and 4649 control subjects (1646 black and 3033 white). Control subjects were frequency-matched to case patients on age, race, and study site. We examined associations between exercise activity measures (metabolic equivalents of energy expenditure [MET]-hours per week per year) and breast cancer risk overall and among subgroups defi ned by race, other breast cancer risk factors, and tumor characteristics by use of unconditional logistic regression. All statistical tests were two-sided. Results: Among all women, decreased breast cancer risk was associated with increased levels of lifetime exercise activity (e.g., average MET-hours per week per year, P trend = .002). An average annual lifetime exercise activity that was greater than the median level for active control subjects was associated with an approximately 20% lower risk of breast cancer, compared with that for inactivity (for 6.7 – 15.1 MET-hours/week/year, odds ratio [OR] = 0.82, 95% confi dence interval [CI] = 0.71 to 0.93; for ≥ 15.2 MET-hours/week/year, OR = 0.80, 95% CI = 0.70 to 0.92). The inverse associations did not differ between black and white women (for MET-hours/week/year, P trend = .003 and P trend = .09, respectively; homogeneity of trends P = .16). No modifi cation of risk was observed by disease stage, estrogen receptor status, or any breast cancer risk factor other than fi rst-degree family history of breast cancer. Conclusions: This study supports an inverse association between physical activity and breast cancer among black women and among white women. [J Natl Cancer Inst 2005;97:1671 – 9]