American Cancer Society

About: American Cancer Society is a nonprofit organization based out in Atlanta, Georgia, United States. It is known for research contribution in the topics: Cancer & Population. The organization has 1339 authors who have published 3700 publications receiving 688166 citations. The organization is also known as: American Cancer Society, ACS & American Society for the Control of Cancer.

American Cancer Society guidelines for the early detection of cancer, 2004.

Abstract: Each January, the American Cancer Society (ACS) publishes a summary of its recommendations for early cancer detection, including updates, emerging issues that are relevant to screening for cancer, or both. In the spring of 2003, the ACS announced updated guidelines for breast cancer screening, and several other organizations released updated guidelines that we compare with recent ACS updates. Finally, the most recent data pertaining to participation rates in cancer screening are presented by age and sex from the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention's Behavioral Risk Factor Surveillance System, as are U.S. maps profiling states based on the proportion of the age-eligible population not recently screened for breast cancer or colorectal cancer.

Retrospective study of the correlation between the DNA repair protein alkyltransferase and survival of brain tumor patients treated with carmustine

Abstract: We tested the hypothesis that the level of the DNA repair protein O6-alkylguanine-DNA alkyltransferase in brain tumors was correlated with resistance to carmustine (BCNU) chemotherapy. Alkyltransferase levels in individual cells in sections from 167 primary brain tumors treated with BCNU were quantitated with an immunofluorescence assay using monoclonal antibodies against human alkyltransferase. Patients with high levels of alkyltransferase had shorter time to treatment failure (P = 0.05) and death (P = 0.004) and a death rate 1.7 times greater than patients with low alkyltransferase levels. Furthermore, the size of the subpopulation of cells with high levels of alkyltransferase was correlated directly with drug resistance. For all tumors the variables most closely correlated with survival, in order of importance, were age, tumor grade, and alkyltransferase levels. For glioblastoma multiforme, survival was more strongly correlated with alkyltransferase levels than with age. These results should encourage prospective studies to evaluate alkyltransferase levels as a method, for identifying brain tumor patients with the best likelihood of response to BCNU chemotherapy.

Following cancer prevention guidelines reduces risk of cancer, cardiovascular disease and all-cause mortality

Abstract: Background: Few studies have evaluated the combined impact of following recommended lifestyle behaviors on cancer, cardiovascular disease (CVD) and all-cause mortality, and most included tobacco avoidance. Because 80% of Americans are never or former smokers, it is important to consider the impact of other recommended behaviors. Methods: In 1992 and 1993, 111,966 nonsmoking men and women in the Cancer Prevention Study-II Nutrition Cohort completed diet and lifestyle questionnaires. A score ranging from 0 to 8 points was computed to reflect adherence to the American Cancer Society cancer prevention guidelines on body mass index, physical activity, diet, and alcohol consumption, with 8 points representing optimal adherence. Multivariable-adjusted relative risks (RR) of death and 95% CI were computed by Cox proportional hazard regression. Results: During 14 years of follow-up, 10,369 men and 6,613 women died. The RR of all-cause mortality was lower for participants with high (7, 8) versus low (0–2) scores (men, RR = 0.58, 95% CI: 0.53–0.62; women, RR = 0.58, 95% CI: 0.52–0.64). Inverse associations were found with CVD mortality (men, RR = 0.52, 95% CI: 0.45–0.59; women, RR = 0.42, 95% CI: 0.35–0.51) and cancer mortality (men, RR = 0.70, 95% CI: 0.61–0.80; women, RR = 0.76, 95% CI: 0.65–0.89). Similar associations, albeit not all statistically significant, were observed for never and former smokers. Conclusion: Adherence to cancer prevention guidelines for obesity, diet, physical activity, and alcohol consumption is associated with lower risk of death from cancer, CVD, and all causes in nonsmokers. Impact: Beyond tobacco avoidance, following other cancer prevention guidelines may substantially lower risk of premature mortality in older adults. Cancer Epidemiol Biomarkers Prev; 20(6); 1089–97. ©2011 AACR . This article is featured in Highlights of This Issue, [p. 1057][1] [1]: /lookup/volpage/20/1057?iss=6

Oral Microbiome Composition Reflects Prospective Risk for Esophageal Cancers.

Abstract: Bacteria may play a role in esophageal adenocarcinoma (EAC) and esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC), although evidence is limited to cross-sectional studies. In this study, we examined the relationship of oral microbiota with EAC and ESCC risk in a prospective study nested in two cohorts. Oral bacteria were assessed using 16S rRNA gene sequencing in prediagnostic mouthwash samples from n = 81/160 EAC and n = 25/50 ESCC cases/matched controls. Findings were largely consistent across both cohorts. Metagenome content was predicted using PiCRUST. We examined associations between centered log-ratio transformed taxon or functional pathway abundances and risk using conditional logistic regression adjusting for BMI, smoking, and alcohol. We found the periodontal pathogen Tannerella forsythia to be associated with higher risk of EAC. Furthermore, we found that depletion of the commensal genus Neisseria and the species Streptococcus pneumoniae was associated with lower EAC risk. Bacterial biosynthesis of carotenoids was also associated with protection against EAC. Finally, the abundance of the periodontal pathogen Porphyromonas gingivalis trended with higher risk of ESCC. Overall, our findings have potential implications for the early detection and prevention of EAC and ESCC. Cancer Res; 77(23); 6777-87. ©2017 AACR.

Cancer screening in the United States, 2014: A review of current American Cancer Society guidelines and current issues in cancer screening

Abstract: Answer questions and earn CME/CNE Each year the American Cancer Society publishes a summary of its guidelines for early cancer detection, a report on data and trends in cancer screening rates, and select issues related to cancer screening. In this issue of the journal, we summarize current American Cancer Society cancer screening guidelines. In addition, the latest data on the use of cancer screening from the National Health Interview Survey is described, as are several issues related to screening coverage under the Patient Protection and Affordable Care Act, including the expansion of the Medicaid program.