Annamalai University

About: Annamalai University is a education organization based out in Chidambaram, Tamil Nadu, India. It is known for research contribution in the topics: Lipid peroxidation & Antioxidant. The organization has 8098 authors who have published 10758 publications receiving 203872 citations.

Depth wise analysis of recently excavated Vellar river sediments through FTIR and XRD studies

Abstract: The Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectral analysis has been carried out for sediments of Vellar river, Tamilnadu collected at various depths from twenty seven different locations. The minerals such as quartz, feldspar (microcline and orthoclase), kaolinite, palygorskite, calcite, aragonite, montmorillonite, cerussite, hematite, sepiolite, magnesium oxalate and organic carbon are identified. Among these, quartz, feldspar and kaolinite are the major minerals and palygorskite, calcite, aragonite, montmorillonite, cerussite, hematite, sepiolite, magnesium oxalate and organic carbon are minor and traces. The relative distribution of these three major minerals was determined by computing the extinction co-efficient. The crystalline nature of quartz is judged by calculating crystallinity index which shows that the crystalline nature decreases with increase of depth. The observation made through relative distribution, shows that the amount of quartz and feldspar are relatively reduced and that of kaolinite is increased from upper to inner depth. As the depth increases the bands of kaolinite progressively broaden and shift to higher wave number side which suggests that the content of kaolinite increases with disorderedness. From XRD analysis, the minerals such as monazite, zircon and kyanite are additionally identified. The crystalline nature of quartz is also confirmed.

Protective effects of curcumin and photo-irradiated curcumin on circulatory lipids and lipid peroxidation products in alcohol and polyunsaturated fatty acid-induced toxicity

Abstract: Alcohol is a neurotoxin associated with significant morbidity and mortality. Ethanol is found to induce a dose dependent increase in lipid peroxidation (LPO). The elevation in lipid peroxidative products and the loss of antioxidant defense potential are enhanced when alcohol is taken along with polyunsaturated fatty acid (PUFA) or heated PUFA. The present study was undertaken to evaluate the effects of curcumin and photo-irradiated curcumin on alcohol and PUFA induced LPO and lipid profiles in plasma. The levels of vitamin C and E were decreased significantly in alcohol + raw as well as heated PUFA groups. The treatment with curcumin and photo-irradiated curcumin (IC) increased their levels significantly. The increase was more significant in the IC group than the curcumin group. The levels of cholesterol, phospholipids (PL), triglycerides (TG), free fatty acids (FFA), thiobarbituric acid reactive substances (TBARS) and hydroperoxides (HP) were increased significantly in alcohol + raw as well as heated PUFA groups and the treatment with curcumin and IC, brought back the levels. But the IC reduced the levels more significantly than curcumin. Thus, our results indicate that IC is a more potent antioxidant than curcumin. Copyright © 2003 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.

Metformin improves lipid metabolism and attenuates lipid peroxidation in high fructose-fed rats.

Abstract: Aim: Insulin resistance, hyperinsulinaemia and disturbances in glucose metabolism can be produced in normal rats by feeding them a fructose-enriched diet Metformin, an antidiabetic drug, enhances insulin sensitivity in type 2 diabetic patients Previous studies have shown that metformin improves insulin sensitivity in fructose-fed rats The aim of this study was to determine the effect of metformin treatment on overall lipid metabolism and lipid peroxidation in rats that were fed a fructose-enriched diet, which leads to insulin resistance The relationship between hyperinsulinaemia and hyperglycaemia with lipid peroxide levels was also investigated Materials and Methods: The animals were divided into two batches One batch received a standard diet and the other was fed a fructose-enriched diet (72 g/100 g feed) After 2 weeks, each batch of rats was subdivided into two groups One group received metformin (50 mg/kg per day in water) and the other received the standard diet and served as control Results: High fructose feeding resulted in hyperinsulinaemia, hyperglycaemia and alterations in lipids and lipid metabolism, and plasma and tissue lipid peroxides were significantly elevated Administration of metformin (50 mg/kg/day) was associated with significant normalization of plasma insulin level and lipid alterations These rats also showed significantly higher lipoprotein lipase (LPL) and lecithin cholesterol acyl transferase (LCAT) activities in plasma than untreated, fructose-fed rats Lipid peroxides content was also decreased in plasma and tissues Significant positive correlations were observed between the levels of plasma insulin and plasma glucose with plasma lipid peroxides Conclusions: We conclude that enhanced lipid peroxidation occurs in addition to disturbances in lipid metabolism in fructose-fed rats Plasma insulin level probably contributes to this increased peroxidation Improved insulin action in metformin-treated rats could be responsible for the amelioration of these abnormalities induced by fructose feeding