Annamalai University

About: Annamalai University is a education organization based out in Chidambaram, Tamil Nadu, India. It is known for research contribution in the topics: Lipid peroxidation & Antioxidant. The organization has 8098 authors who have published 10758 publications receiving 203872 citations.

Effect of an aqueous extract of Scoparia dulcis on blood glucose, plasma insulin and some polyol pathway enzymes in experimental rat diabetes

Abstract: The effects of an aqueous extract of the plant Scoparia dulcis (200 mg/kg) on the polyol pathway and lipid peroxidation were examined in the liver of streptozotocin adult diabetic male albino Wistar rats. The diabetic control rats (N = 6) presented a significant increase in blood glucose, sorbitol dehydrogenase, glycosylated hemoglobin and lipid peroxidation markers such as thiobarbituric acid reactive substances (TBARS) and hydroperoxides, and a significant decrease in plasma insulin and antioxidant enzymes such as glutathione peroxidase (GPx), glutathione-S-transferase (GST) and reduced glutathione (GSH) compared to normal rats (N = 6). Scoparia dulcis plant extract (SPEt, 200 mg kg-1 day-1) and glibenclamide (600 microg kg-1 day-1), a reference drug, were administered by gavage for 6 weeks to diabetic rats (N = 6 for each group) and significantly reduced blood glucose, sorbitol dehydrogenase, glycosylated hemoglobin, TBARS, and hydroperoxides, and significantly increased plasma insulin, GPx, GST and GSH activities in liver. The effect of the SPEt was compared with that of glibenclamide. The effect of the extract may have been due to the decreased influx of glucose into the polyol pathway leading to increased activities of antioxidant enzymes and plasma insulin and decreased activity of sorbitol dehydrogenase. These results indicate that the SPEt was effective in attenuating hyperglycemia in rats and their susceptibility to oxygen free radicals.

The simple, template free synthesis of a Bi2S3–ZnO heterostructure and its superior photocatalytic activity under UV-A light

Abstract: The development of a heterostructured semiconductor photocatalyst makes a significant advancement in catalytic technologies. Highly crystalline Bi2S3–ZnO nanosheets with a hierarchical structure have been successfully synthesized by a facile sonochemical process and characterized by X-ray diffraction (XRD), high resolution scanning electron microscopy (HR-SEM), X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), UV-Vis diffuse reflectance spectroscopy (DRS), photoluminescence spectroscopy (PL) and Brunauer–Emmett–Teller (BET) surface area measurements. X-ray powder diffraction (XRD) analysis reveals that the as synthesized product has an orthorhombic phase of Bi2S3 and a hexagonal wurtzite phase of ZnO. XPS analysis shows the presence of the elements Zn, O, Bi and S and their oxidation states. Bi2S3–ZnO has increased absorption in the UV region as well as in the visible region. This heterostructured nano catalyst has a higher photocatalytic activity for the degradation of Acid Black 1 (AB 1) under UV-A light than pure ZnO, Bi2S3 and commercial Degussa P25. The heterojunction in the Bi2S3–ZnO photocatalyst has led to low recombination rates of photoinduced electron–hole pairs and an enhanced photocatalytic activity. Bi2S3–ZnO is advantageous in AB 1 degradation because of its reusability and higher efficiency at neutral pH 7.

Explosive Welding of Titanium/Stainless Steel by Controlling Energetic Conditions

Abstract: Commercially pure titanium and 304 stainless steel were welded using explosive welding technique. The joints were evaluated using optical microscope, scanning electron microscope, energy dispersive spectroscopy and X-ray diffraction. The study indicates the formation of characteristic interfacial oscillations with vortices at high energetic conditions. The reacted products of the vortices have been identified as FeTi and Fe2Ti intermetallics by X-ray diffraction. Increase in the kinetic energy spent at the interface cause the volume of vortices to increase. Smooth wavy and flat topography has been obtained for thin flyer plates due to less kinetic energy loss. The results demonstrate a good welding interface for multi-layered welding using a thin stainless steel interlayer, as the kinetic energy dissipation at the interface was less. [doi:10.2320/matertrans.47.2049]

Evaluation of Delamination in Drilling GFRP Composites

Abstract: Composite materials are used in varieties of applications and are mainly used in structural components. Drilling is one of the important operations in composite structure, often a final operation during assembly. Delaminations in drilling of composite structures are a serious problem and lead to rejection and impose heavy loss. In the present investigation, delamianation associated with drilling has been studied using experimental design approach. Two different cutting tools were tried for experimentation. The experiments were conducted by using high-speed steel-made twist drill and 4-flute cutter. Empirical models were developed for predicting delamination factor in drilling GFRP composites. Regression analysis and analysis of variance (ANOVA) were used for analysis. The adequacies of the developed models have been verified by calculating correlation coefficient. The effect of cutting parameters on drilling such as spindle speed, feed, and their interactions are studied in detail.