Applied Biosystems

About: Applied Biosystems is a based out in . It is known for research contribution in the topics: Mass spectrometry & Nucleic acid. The organization has 1521 authors who have published 1579 publications receiving 285423 citations.

Nonrestrictive developmental regulation of microRNA gene expression.

Abstract: During different periods of mammalian development, global changes in gene expression occur. Developmental changes in global gene expression have been modeled as a restrictive process. To test the restriction model of global changes in gene expression, we have used embryonic stem (ES) cells as a model system for the early mammalian embryo. ES cells are pluripotent cells that can contribute to all cellular lineages of the developing mammalian fetus and are derived from early embryonic cells. Using this model system, we have studied a new class of RNAs called microRNAs that have been identified and shown to play a role in the direct regulation of messenger RNAs. Here we report the expression signature for 248 microRNAs in 13 independent murine ES cells, embryoid bodies, and somatic tissues. The expression profile for 248 mouse microRNAs was determined for embryonic stem cells, embryoid bodies, mouse embryos, mature heart, lung, liver, kidney, and brain. Characteristic microRNA expression signatures were observed for each evaluated sample. When the characteristic microRNA signatures for developmentally ordered samples were compared, immature samples exhibited a less complex microRNA transcript profile than did mature samples. Our data support a progressive model of microRNA gene expression. Based on the progressive increase in complexity of micro- RNA expression, we hypothesize that the mammalian developmental program requires a temporal coupling of expression between microRNAs and messenger RNAs to enable the developmental potential observed in mammalian ontogeny.

Removal of a PCR inhibitor and resolution of DNA STR types in mixed human-canine stains from a five year old case.

Abstract: The analysis of biological trace evidence from a reopened investigation into a 1991 murder from Vernon, B.C. revealed mixed human and dog bloodstains on blue jean pants that contained a PCR inhibitory substance. The presence of the inhibitory substance was detected by the inhibition caused from adding a small aliquot of the test DNA extract into a PCR reaction designed to produce a known standard product. The removal of the PCR inhibitory substance was accomplished by treating the extracted DNA with Thiopropyl Sepharose 6B beads. DNA profiles from two human contributors and a canine were obtained using species specific polymorphic STR markers. The two human DNA profiles obtained from blue jean pants were resolved, one matched the suspect and the other matched the victim. The DNA profile from the canine component matched that obtained from the known sample of the victim's dog who was also slain during the assault. This evidence along with other DNA typing evidence was critical in obtaining a resolution of the case.

Electrowetting dispensing devices and related methods

Abstract: A method for dispensing liquid for use in biological analysis may comprise positioning liquid to be dispensed via electrowetting. The positioning may comprise aligning the liquid with a plurality of predetermined locations. The method may further comprise dispensing the aligned liquid from the plurality of predetermined locations through a plurality of openings respectively aligned with the predetermined locations. The dispensing may be via electrowetting.

Genomewide Linkage Disequilibrium Mapping of Severe Bipolar Disorder in a Population Isolate

Abstract: Genomewide association studies may offer the best promise for genetic mapping of complex traits. Such studies in outbred populations require very densely spaced single-nucleotide polymorphisms. In recently founded population isolates, however, extensive linkage disequilibrium (LD) may make these studies feasible with currently available sets of short tandem repeat markers, spaced at intervals as large as a few centimorgans. We report the results of a genomewide association study of severe bipolar disorder (BP-I), using patients from the isolated population of the central valley of Costa Rica. We observed LD with BP-I on several chromosomes; the most striking results were in proximal 8p, a region that has previously shown linkage to schizophrenia. This region could be important for severe psychiatric disorders, rather than for a specific phenotype.