Applied Science Private University

About: Applied Science Private University is a education organization based out in Amman, Jordan. It is known for research contribution in the topics: Population & Catalysis. The organization has 4124 authors who have published 5299 publications receiving 116167 citations.

Soft layer lubrication of artificial hip joints

Abstract: An experimental study of the lubrication mechanisms existing in prototype artificial hip joints which have compliant surface linings, has shown that for a lining with a hardness of about 4N/mm2, fluid film lubrication can be achieved even with the low viscosity synovial fluid present in diseased joints after surgery. In tests, a synthetic lubricant was used in place of the synovial fluid. The best results seem to be produced with a 2 mm thick layer.

An Empirical Examination of Knowledge Management Processes and Market Orientation, Innovation Capability, and Organisational Performance: Insights from Jordan

Abstract: There are many studies discussing how knowledge management and market orientation (MO) are positively related to innovation, but an examination of the impact of the knowledge management processes (KMP) — as we conceptualize the four in this study — and MO on the innovation capability of organisations which in turn impact organisational performance has never been done. Hence, this study formulates a comprehensive conceptual framework which encompasses KMP (knowledge creation, intra-organisational knowledge sharing and application, external knowledge acquisition, and knowledge storage and documentation), MO (customer orientation, competitor orientation and inter-functional coordination), innovation capability (product, process, marketing and organisational innovation), and organisational performance (product quality, operational performance and financial performance). Then empirically test the relationships among the study models with the focus on the mediating role of innovation capability. The design of the study is based on a survey of 210 Jordanian manufacturing and service organisations. The sample of this study encompasses the mid-level managers of the organisations. About 440 self-administered questionnaires were distributed among the respondents. Confirmatory factor analysis is undertaken to assess statistically the validity of the study measures. Then the structural equation modelling (SEM) path analysis is used to assess the structural relationship of KMP, MO with innovation capability, and organisational performance. The results of the study reveal that engagement in KMP and MO can lead to better innovation capability in the organisations which in turn can lead to better organisational performance. The results we observe concerning this sample of companies may not be applicable to a greater population of companies from other countries with a different technological base or to specific subsectors of the manufacturing industry (e.g. the food industry). Moreover, the study represents only snapshots since it utilized self-administered questionnaires which also have no qualitative data. For the practicing managers intending to increase the rate of innovation in their firms, this means that KMP and MO are important activities to master. Additionally, managers should put additional emphasis on innovation as it is an important element for achieving improved overall firm’s performance and sustainable competitive power.

Thermal imaging of composites

Abstract: Active thermal imaging techniques and their applications to composite materials are reviewed. The techniques included are transient thermography, scanning thermal microscopy and scanning thermal probe microscopy. The factors that affect the images produced by both pulsed and periodic forms of active heating are considered. For pulsed heating, experimental and numerical modelling results for carbon fibre-reinforced plastic are used to show how the resolution of subsurface features depends on their size and depth and on the anisotropy in thermal materials properties common in such composites. For periodic heating, thermal wave characteristics are introduced to show how the resolution of subsurface features also depends on modulation frequency and focal spot radius. Examples are given of the applications of scanning thermal microscopy and scanning thermal probe microscopy that illustrate the potential of these techniques for the imaging of composite materials.

Neutron Shielding Calculation for Barite-Boron-Water

Abstract: Unstable nuclei may emit radiation in order to make transition to stable form. This radiation may also be neutron besides other particles or electromagnetic radiation. Besides using radiation in a variety of different fields, its effect on cells makes it dangerous for human health. Neutron is more interesting than others as it is more dangerous due to its neutral and heavy character. Therefore shielding from it is also more difficult than other radiation types. The aim of this work is to investigate shielding material properties against neutron particles emitted by spontaneous fission source Cf, using FLUKA Monte Carlo simulation code for some materials of barite-water-boron.

Evolution Strategies for Robust Optimization

Abstract: In this paper, we propose two evolutionary strategies for the optimization of problems with actuator noise as encountered in robust optimization, where the design or objective parameters are subject to noise: the ROSAES and the ROCSAES. Both algorithms use a control rule for increasing the population size when the residual error to the optimizer state has been reached. Theoretical analysis has previously shown that the residual error depends among other factors on the population size and on the variance of the noise. Furthermore, ROSAES exploits the similarity of the mutation term in evolutionary strategies and the additive noise term in the case of actuator noise. The population variance is controlled to guarantee that the realized noise level is adjusted correctly. Simulations are carried out on test functions and the results are analyzed with respect to the performance and the dependence of ROSAES and ROCSAES on newly introduced exogenous strategy parameters.