Applied Science Private University

About: Applied Science Private University is a education organization based out in Amman, Jordan. It is known for research contribution in the topics: Population & Catalysis. The organization has 4124 authors who have published 5299 publications receiving 116167 citations.

A clinical evaluation in children of the Pharmacia ImmunoCAP system for inhalant allergens

Abstract: Summary Background The Pharmacia ImmunoCAP system (CAP) for assaying serum IgE specific antibodies was evaluated in a clinical setting against skin-prick test (SPT) perfonncd using Dome/Hollister-Steir allergen extracts. The five cotnmon inhalant allergens D. pteronyssinus. D. farinae, mould mix, grass mix and cat epithelium were tested concurrently by both methods in 167 children aged 7.5–12 years. The specific SPT for D. pteronyssinus and D. farinae were also tested against the CAP house dust mite (HDM) mix. Objective The purpose of the study was to determine the sensitivity and specificity of the Pharmacia ImmunoCAP system Tor detecting serum IgE specific antibodies to inhalant allergens in a clinical setting, using the SPT result as the ‘gold standard’. Methods The SPTs were performed using Dome/Hollister-Steir allergen extracts. The serum IgE specific antibodies were quantitated using the radioimmunoassay version of the Pharmacia ImmunoCAP system. A history of allergic disease was assessed using a validated questionnaire. Results SPT gave more positive reactions than CAP with the exception of cat epithelium. The concordance between SPT and CAP results was 91% over all the tests. The concordance with SPT was slightly higher for the specific CAP for D. pteronyssinus and D. farinae (93% and 95% respectively) than for the CAP HDM mix (86% and 90% respectively). There was a higher proportion of positive results for both SPT and CAP in the 115 children defined as having a history of allergic disease. Using SPT defined allergy as the gold standard, the sensitivity of the CAP system was 87% for the two specific house dust mites but was lower for cat epithelium (67%), mould mix (59%) and grass mix (46%). The sensitivity of the CAP system improved for D. pteronyssinus (96%) and the HDM mix (91%) when tested in subjects defined as having a history of allergy associated disease. The specificity of the CAP system showed less variation between allergens and ranged from 90–99%. Conclusion The results of this study of children aged 7.5–12 years demonstrate that, for the inhalent allergens tested, the Pharmacia ImmunoCAP system perfoms well in the setting of known allergic disease.

Materials Nanoarchitectonics for Mechanical Tools in Chemical and Biological Sensing.

Abstract: In this Focus Review, nanoarchitectonic approaches for mechanical-action-based chemical and biological sensors are briefly discussed. In particular, recent examples of piezoelectric devices, such as quartz crystal microbalances (QCM and QCM-D) and a membrane-type surface stress sensor (MSS), are introduced. Sensors need well-designed nanostructured sensing materials for the sensitive and selective detection of specific targets. Nanoarchitectonic approaches for sensing materials, such as mesoporous materials, 2D materials, fullerene assemblies, supported lipid bilayers, and layer-by-layer assemblies, are highlighted. Based on these sensing approaches, examples of bioanalytical applications are presented for toxic gas detection, cell membrane interactions, label-free biomolecular assays, anticancer drug evaluation, complement activation-related multiprotein membrane attack complexes, and daily biodiagnosis, which are partially supported by data analysis, such as machine learning and principal component analysis.

Cardiac output from transthoracic impedance variations

Abstract: Many attempts have been made to estimate cardiac output (CO) in man from transthoracic electrical impedance fluctuations. Generally, data for comparable CO values obtained from impedance records (ZR) and from indicator dilutions curves ( IDC) have not shown satisfactory agreement. We have demonstrated, using a particular impedance plethysmograph, that a good empirical correlation of these data exists if characteristics of the subject and the waveform of the ZR are first used to provide subject groups. Our experience is based on records obtained from 87 heart patients. The evidence suggests that this is a statistically significant number and that individual values of CO predicted from ZR can be expected to have an accuracy comparable to that computed from IDC. As a consequence, it is hypothesized that the determination of absolute values of CO from transthoracic ZR is dependent upon characteristics of the subjects and the ZR waveform. This paper is ;i summary of methods and results that support these statements and the hypothesis.

Simple Method for Predicting Laboratory and Field Permeability of Hot-Mix Asphalt

Abstract: The infiltration of water in asphalt pavements promotes moisture damage, primarily by damaging the binder cohesive bond and the adhesive bond between aggregates and binder. The first step in addressing the problems caused by the presence of water within pavement systems is quantifying the permeability of hot-mix asphalt (HMA) mixes. A simple equation for predicting the permeability of HMA has been developed. This equation includes parameters that quantify percentage air voids, aggregate gradation, and asphalt binder content. Pavement engineers can use this formula to design asphalt mixes that exhibit acceptable levels of permeability. A comprehensive database of materials and laboratory and field permeability measurements was used to calibrate the equation. Consequently, the ability of the equation to predict the permeability of field cores that were not used in the calibration process was verified. Included is an example illustrating the usefulness of the equation in estimating the permeability distribution in asphalt pavements by using mix properties.

Energy analysis of the steel making industry

Abstract: Steel making is an energy intensive industry. This work presents and identifies heat losses of the main components of this industry in Jordan. The heat losses are considerable and range from 17 to 36% of the total energy input. Some heat losses are considered to be recoverable, especially in the furnace and the crucible and mould. Specific energy consumption was found to be 6·0 MJ per ton of steel for the Jordanian steel industry. © 1998 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.