Applied Science Private University

About: Applied Science Private University is a education organization based out in Amman, Jordan. It is known for research contribution in the topics: Catalysis & Population. The organization has 4124 authors who have published 5299 publications receiving 116167 citations.

Low-volume microwave digestion of marine biological tissues for the measurement of trace elements

Abstract: The use of low-volume (7 ml) Teflon vessels and microwave heating is described for the digestion of three marine biological tissues representing a mollusc, a fish and a crustacean. Freeze-dried samples (<0.1 g dry mass) and 1 ml of nitric acid were placed in 7 ml screw-topped Teflon vessels and treated using a programmed three-stage digestion. The first two stages were kept consistent (600 W, 2 min; 0 W, 2 min) and the third stage was varied from 150 to 450 W over 15–60 min to find the optimum microwave digestion conditions. Trace elements were determined using flame atomic absorption spectrometry, or electrothermal atomic absorption spectrometry when analysing samples containing very low concentrations of cadmium. Quantitative recoveries of copper, zinc and cadmium were obtained from the five marine reference materials under the following conditions: 600 W, 2 mins; 0 W, 2 min; 450 W, 45 mins.

Electromagnetic mass splittings of the low lying hadrons and quark masses from 2+1 flavor lattice QCD+QED

Abstract: Results computed in lattice QCD+QED are presented for the electromagnetic mass splittings of the low-lying hadrons. These are used to determine the renormalized, nondegenerate, light quark masses. It is found that m{sub u}{sup MS}=2.24(10)(34), m{sub d}{sup MS}=4.65(15)(32), and m{sub s}{sup MS}=97.6(2.9)(5.5) MeV at the renormalization scale 2 GeV, where the first error is statistical and the second systematic. We find the lowest-order electromagnetic splitting (m{sub {pi}{sup +}}-m{sub {pi}{sup 0}}){sub QED}=3.38(23) MeV, the splittings including next-to-leading order, (m{sub {pi}{sup +}}-m{sub {pi}{sup 0}}){sub QED}=4.50(23) MeV, (m{sub K{sup +}}-m{sub K{sup 0}}){sub QED}=1.87(10) MeV, and the m{sub u}{ne}m{sub d} contribution to the kaon mass difference, (m{sub K{sup +}}-m{sub K{sup 0}}){sub (m{sub u}-m{sub d})}=-5.840(96) MeV. All errors are statistical only, and the next-to-leading-order pion splitting is only approximate in that it does not contain all next-to-leading-order contributions. We also computed the proton-neutron mass difference, including for the first time, QED interactions in a realistic 2+1 flavor calculation. We find (m{sub p}-m{sub n}){sub QED}=0.383(68) MeV, (m{sub p}-m{sub n}){sub (m{sub u}-m{sub d})}=-2.51(14) MeV (statistical errors only), and the total m{sub p}-m{sub n}=-2.13(16)(70) MeV, where the first error is statistical, and the second, part of the systematic error. The calculations are carried out on QCD ensembles generated bymore » the RBC and UKQCD collaborations, using domain wall fermions and the Iwasaki gauge action (gauge coupling {beta}=2.13 and lattice cutoff a{sup -1}{approx_equal}1.78 GeV). We use two lattice sizes, 16{sup 3} and 24{sup 3} ((1.8 fm){sup 3} and (2.7 fm){sup 3}), to address finite-volume effects. Noncompact QED is treated in the quenched approximation. The valence pseudoscalar meson masses in our study cover a range of about 250 to 700 MeV, though we use only those up to about 400 MeV to quote final results. We present new results for the electromagnetic low-energy constants in SU(3) and SU(2) partially quenched chiral perturbation theory to the next-to-leading order, obtained from fits to our data. Detailed analysis of systematic errors in our results and methods for improving them are discussed. Finally, new analytic results for SU(2){sub L}xSU(2){sub R}-plus-kaon chiral perturbation theory, including the one-loop logs proportional to {alpha}{sub em}m, are given.« less

Hierarchical NiCo2O4@NiO core–shell hetero-structured nanowire arrays on carbon cloth for a high-performance flexible all-solid-state electrochemical capacitor

Abstract: A hierarchical NiCo2O4@NiO core–shell nanowire hetero-nanostructure has been successfully anchored on a carbon cloth conductive substrate by the stepwise design to fabricate the NiCo2O4@NiO/CC composite for a high-performance flexible all-solid-state electrochemical capacitor. The assembled capacitor exhibits improved pseudocapacitive performance because of the synergetic effect of each component. Impressively, based on the total mass of active material on both electrodes, a high gravimetric capacitance of 1792 F g−1 at 5 mA cm−2 is achieved for the final NiCo2O4@NiO/CC flexible capacitor, along with excellent rate capability and cycle performance (with the capacity retention of 87.5% after 5000 cycling). The outstanding electrochemical performances are attributed to its superstructure with significantly enhanced active-surface area, favorable morphological stability and convenient ion transport paths. These results clearly present a cost-effective and alterable method for fabrication of various core–shell nanostructures on flexible conductive substrates, which may bring new design opportunities of device configuration for energy-storage applications in future wearable electronics.