Applied Science Private University

About: Applied Science Private University is a education organization based out in Amman, Jordan. It is known for research contribution in the topics: Catalysis & Population. The organization has 4124 authors who have published 5299 publications receiving 116167 citations.

Cortical correlates of false expectations during pain intensity judgments--a possible manifestation of placebo/nocebo cognitions.

Abstract: We investigated the effects of expectation on intensity ratings and somatosensory evoked magnetic fields and electrical potentials following painful infrared laser stimuli in six healthy subjects. The stimulus series contained trials preceded by different auditory cues which either contained valid, invalid or no information about the upcoming laser intensity. High and low intensities occurred equally probable across cue types. High intensity stimuli induced greater pain than low intensity across all cue types. Furthermore, laser intensity significantly interacted with cue validity: high intensity stimuli were perceived less painful and low intensity stimuli more painful following invalid compared to valid cues. The amplitude of the evoked magnetic field localized within the contralateral secondary somatosensory cortex (SII) at about 165 ms after laser stimuli varied also both with stimulus intensity and cue validity. The evoked electric potential peaked at about 300 ms after laser stimuli and yielded a single dipole source within a region encompassing the caudal anterior cingulate cortex and posterior cingulate cortex. Its amplitude also varied with stimulus intensity, but failed to show any cue validity effects. This result suggests a priming of early cortical nociceptive sensitivity by cues signaling pain severity. A possible contribution of the SII cortex to the manifestation of nocebo/placebo cognitions is discussed.

Confusion-Matrix-Based Kernel Logistic Regression for Imbalanced Data Classification

Abstract: There have been many attempts to classify imbalanced data, since this classification is critical in a wide variety of applications related to the detection of anomalies, failures, and risks. Many conventional methods, which can be categorized into sampling, cost-sensitive, or ensemble, include heuristic and task dependent processes. In order to achieve a better classification performance by formulation without heuristics and task dependence, we propose confusion-matrix-based kernel logistic regression (CM-KLOGR). Its objective function is the harmonic mean of various evaluation criteria derived from a confusion matrix, such criteria as sensitivity, positive predictive value, and others for negatives. This objective function and its optimization are consistently formulated on the framework of KLOGR, based on minimum classification error and generalized probabilistic descent (MCE/GPD) learning. Due to the merits of the harmonic mean, KLOGR, and MCE/GPD, CM-KLOGR improves the multifaceted performances in a well-balanced way. This paper presents the formulation of CM-KLOGR and its effectiveness through experiments that comparatively evaluated CM-KLOGR using benchmark imbalanced datasets.

Oil Recovery and Permeability Reduction of a Tight Sandstone Reservoir in Immiscible and Miscible CO2 Flooding Processes

Abstract: In this paper, oil recovery and permeability reduction of a tight sandstone reservoir in immiscible and miscible CO2 flooding processes are experimentally studied. First, a series of saturation tests are conducted to determine the onset pressure of asphaltene precipitation from a light crude oil−CO2 system. Second, the vanishing interfacial tension (VIT) technique is applied to determine the minimum miscibility pressure (MMP) between the light crude oil and CO2. Third, a total of nine CO2 coreflood tests under immiscible and miscible conditions are performed through the so-called dry, secondary, and tertiary oil recovery processes, respectively. It is found that the onset pressure of asphaltene precipitation is much lower than the MMP. In the CO2 secondary oil recovery process, the coreflood test data show that, when the injection pressure is between the onset pressure of asphaltene precipitation and the MMP, the oil recovery factor is higher but the oil effective permeability reduction is larger at a hig...

Deformation twinning in corundum

Abstract: Deformation twinning on rhombohedral planes was detected in corundum crystals fractured in bending at temperatures as low as − 196°c. The crystallographic parameters of this twinning were determined completely: s=0·202. Deformation markings, tentatively attributed to basal twinning, were detected on some crystals fractured above 1000°c. Twins were observed to be associated with fracture faces, and in some cases twin-sub-grain and twin-twin intersections, which probably nucleated fracture, could be found.