Applied Science Private University

About: Applied Science Private University is a education organization based out in Amman, Jordan. It is known for research contribution in the topics: Catalysis & Population. The organization has 4124 authors who have published 5299 publications receiving 116167 citations.

Top-Down and Bottom-Up Modulation of Pain-Induced Oscillations

Abstract: Attention is an important factor that is able to strongly modulate the experience of pain. In order to differentiate cortical mechanisms underlying subject-driven (i.e. top-down) and stimulus-driven (bottom-up) modes of attentional pain modulation, we recorded electric brain activity in healthy volunteers during painful laser stimulation while spatial attention and stimulus intensity were systematically varied. The subjects’ task was to evaluate the pain intensity at the attended finger, while ignoring laser stimuli delivered to the other finger. Different time-frequency signatures of the EEG data were modulated by top-down (attention) and bottom up (intensity) processes. Attention towards pain induced a decrease in alpha and an increase in gamma band power, localized in the insula, whereas pain intensity modulated delta, alpha, beta and gamma power. Source localization revealed stimulus driven modulation in the cingulate gyrus and somatosensory areas for gamma power changes. Our results indicate that bottom-up and top-down modes of attention exert different effects on pain-induced slow and fast oscillatory activities. Future studies may examine oscillations using this paradigm to test for altered attentional pain control in patients with chronic pain.

Survey on artificial intelligence based techniques for emerging robotic communication

Abstract: This paper reviews the current development of artificial intelligence (AI) techniques for the application area of robot communication. The research of the control and operation of multiple robots collaboratively toward a common goal is fast growing. Communication among members of a robot team and even including humans is becoming essential in many real-world applications. The survey focuses on the AI techniques for robot communication to enhance the communication capability of the multi-robot team, making more complex activities, taking an appreciated decision, taking coordinated action, and performing their tasks efficiently. We present a comprehensive review of the intelligent solutions for robot communication which have been proposed in the literature in recent years. This survey contributes to a better understanding of the AI techniques for enhancing robot communication and sheds new lights on future research direction in the subject area.

L1 $_{0}$ -Ordered FePt-Based Perpendicular Magnetic Recording Media for Heat-Assisted Magnetic Recording

Abstract: We update our continuous effort to optimize the microstructures and magnetic properties of FePt-X granular films to achieve an ideal media structure on glass substrates for heat-assisted magnetic recording. For segregant X, we investigated C, SiO2 , TiO2 and their mixtures. While FePt-C granular films show excellent inplane granular structure for the thickness (t) smaller than 6 nm, a second layer appears for t >; 6 nm. On the other hand, FePt-TiO2 granular film shows a columnar structure with a smooth surface, but the inplane morphology is interconnected. To enhance the phase separation and realize the laterally isolated columnar structure, we mixed the segregant materials of SiO2 or TiO2 with C. We also used the thin FePt-C films as templates for FePt-X(X=SiO2 and TiO2) since the FePt-C showed good particle separation with the fine particle size. Based on these experimental results, we discuss how to attain the ideal media structure for heat-assisted magnetic recording.

Assessment of Gold Nanoparticle-Mediated-Enhanced Hyperthermia Using MR-Guided High-Intensity Focused Ultrasound Ablation Procedure.

Abstract: High-intensity focused ultrasound (HIFU) has gained increasing popularity as a noninvasive therapeutic procedure to treat solid tumors. However, collateral damage due to the use of high acoustic powers during HIFU procedures remains a challenge. The objective of this study is to assess the utility of using gold nanoparticles (gNPs) during HIFU procedures to locally enhance heating at low powers, thereby reducing the likelihood of collateral damage. Phantoms containing tissue-mimicking material (TMM) and physiologically relevant concentrations (0%, 0.0625%, and 0.125%) of gNPs were fabricated. Sonications at acoustic powers of 10, 15, and 20 W were performed for a duration of 16 s using an MR-HIFU system. Temperature rises and lesion volumes were calculated and compared for phantoms with and without gNPs. For an acoustic power of 10 W, the maximum temperature rise increased by 32% and 43% for gNPs concentrations of 0.0625% and 0.125%, respectively, when compared to the 0% gNPs concentration. For the power ...

Keystroke Dynamics Based Authentication

Abstract: This chapter deals with the applications of keystroke dynamics to authenticate/verify access to computer systems and networks. It presents our novel contribution to this area along with other related works. The use of computer systems and networks has spread at a rate completely unexpected a decade ago. Computer systems and network are being used in almost every aspect of our daily life. As a result, the security threats to computers and networks have also increased significantly. We give a background information including the goals of any security system for computers and networks, followed by types of security attacks on computers and networks. We present the applications of keystroke dynamics using interkey times and hold times as features to authenticate access to computer systems and networks.