Showing papers by "Arkansas Department of Education published in 2011"
TL;DR: In this paper, the authors analyzed how and to what extent child care is provided by grandmothers and how this task is combined with paid work in 10 European countries and found a negative and very significant effect of participating in the labor market on the probability of taking care of the grandchildren on a regular basis.
Abstract: One of the most significant long term trends in the labor market in most OECD countries has been the increase in the proportion of working mothers. However, not all countries show the same pattern. Countries in Southern Europe (Italy, Greece and Spain) show an average participation rate of about 45% whereas the participation rates in Northern countries (Denmark, Sweden) are around 75%. The characteristics of child care systems also differ significantly across OECD countries. This along with the characteristics of the labor market may have led families to get the necessary social services in an alternative way, i.e. through grandmothers. This paper analyzes how and to what extent child care is provided by grandmothers and how this task is combined with paid work in 10 European countries. Moreover, it studies whether the child care provided by grandmothers is encouraging the labor participation of their sons and, especially, their daughters. For this aim, it uses a sample drawn from the Survey of Health, Aging and Retirement in Europe (SHARE) which provides detailed information about grandmothers (the units of observation) as well as their offspring with children. The econometric model considered takes into account the simultaneity of labor market decisions and care-giving activities, while controlling for unobserved heterogeneity in care-giving decisions. Here it exploits the fact that, information about multiple offsprings with children is usually available for each grandmother. It finds a negative and very significant effect of participating in the labor market on the probability of taking care of the grandchildren on a regular basis. It also finds evidence that, for some countries, the child care provided by grandmothers has a positive effect on the labor participation of their daughters.
19 citations
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TL;DR: In this paper, the effects of the EdChoice voucher program on the academic performance of traditional public schools were investigated, and exposure to the threat of losing students to the voucher program was investigated.
Abstract: In this article, I evaluate the effects of the EdChoice voucher program on the academic performance of traditional public schools. Specifically, I investigate how exposure to the threat of losing students to the voucher program affected standardized test performance in traditional public schools. This measure does not take into account whether or not students participated in the EdChoice program, only whether schools faced the threat of potentially losing students. The study provides the opportunity to make two important contributions to the literature. First, it provides an analysis of a voucher program that has not yet been rigorously studied for its competitive effects on traditional public schools. Second, a novel approach is introduced to deal with the potential confounding effects of stigma, or the motivation for schools to improve that may come with the receipt of a low grade publicly reported by the state.
16 citations
TL;DR: The authors compared the KIPP and Harmony charter school networks as examples of high poverty/high achievement schools and found that while each network seemingly succeeds, their different strategies reflect different founders and populations served.
Abstract: This paper compares the KIPP and Harmony charter school networks as examples of high poverty/high achievement schools. While each network seemingly succeeds, their different strategies reflect different founders and populations served.
2 citations