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Showing papers by "Australian Catholic University published in 2004"


Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: Anthony Tuckett analyses a research experience, together with the rationales for and limitations of qualitative research sampling, and examines the reality of establishing and maintaining a purposeful/theoretical sample and how data saturation symbiotically interacts with constant comparison to guide sampling.
Abstract: In this article Anthony Tuckett discusses the complexities of qualitative research sampling. He analyses a research experience, together with the rationales for and limitations of qualitative research sampling. Further, he examines the reality of establishing and maintaining a purposeful/theoretical sample and how data saturation symbiotically interacts with constant comparison to guide sampling. Additionally, sample limitations are countered. This paper is aimed at novice and experienced researchers in nursing interested in the practical reality of research, who are also mindful of the necessity for rigour.

394 citations


Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: The construct of teacher efficacy has been the subject of much research for approximately 25 years, yet this research has been dominated by correlational studies used to establish the power of teacher beliefs as discussed by the authors.

281 citations


Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: Corporate rebranding is a strategy used by companies to change their image as discussed by the authors, and there may be very good reasons for doing this, the most obvious being to send a signal to stakeholders that something about the organisation has changed (for the better).
Abstract: Corporate rebranding is a strategy used by companies to change their image. There may be very good reasons for doing this, the most obvious being to send a signal to stakeholders that something about the organisation has changed (for the better). Other less pressing reasons, discussed in this paper, are, however, also instigators for rebranding. To some extent, a corporate makeover appears to contradict what has long been regarded as standard marketing practice in product branding, that is, long-term investment in and commitment to a brand. Despite this, many firms are undertaking corporate rebranding exercises. The cost of corporate rebranding is very high, running into millions of dollars in many cases. In this paper, the concept of rebranding is discussed, the motivations for corporate rebranding are categorised, and the main issues in corporate rebranding in relation to rebranding the name, logo and slogan are discussed. Lastly the effectiveness of corporate rebranding as a corporate strategy is evaluated.

160 citations


Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: It is recommended that practitioners ought to ask patients and patients’ families what informational requirements are preferred, and research should continue into truth-telling in clinical practice, to discover its very nature as a cultural artefact, and the other conditions and contexts in whichtruth-telling may not be preferred.
Abstract: In general, most, but not necessarily all, patients want truthfulness about their health. Available evidence indicates that truth-telling practices and preferences are, to an extent, a cultural artefact. It is the case that practices among nurses and doctors have moved towards more honest and truthful disclosure to their patients. It is interesting that arguments both for and against truth-telling are established in terms of autonomy and physical and psychological harm. In the literature reviewed here, there is also the view that truth-telling is essential because it is an intrinsic good, while it is argued against on the grounds of the uncertainty principle. Based on this review, it is recommended that practitioners ought to ask patients and patients’ families what informational requirements are preferred, and research should continue into truth-telling in clinical practice, particularly to discover its very nature as a cultural artefact, and the other conditions and contexts in which truth-telling may not be preferred.

144 citations


Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: The authors made use of postcolonial theory to think differently about aspects of cultural diversity within science education, and used genealogies and selected key themes of post-colonization theory for science education.
Abstract: This paper makes use of postcolonial theory to think differently about aspects of cultural diversity within science education. It briefly reviews some of the increasing scholarship on cultural diversity, and then describes the genealogy and selected key themes of postcolonial theory. Postcolonial theory as oppositional or deconstructive reading practice is privileged, and its practical application illustrated by using some of these key ideas to (re)read Gloria Snively and John Corsiglia's (2001) article “Discovering indigenous science: implications for science education” and their rejoinder, from the special issue of Science Education (Vol. 85, pp. 6–34) on multiculturalism and science education. While many would regard the expressed views on diversity, inclusivity, multiculturalism, and sustainability to be just and equitable, postcolonial analysis of the texts reveals subtle and lingering referents that unwittingly work against the very attitudes Snively and Corsiglia (2001) seek to promote. Such postcolonial analyses open up thinking about the material and cultural conditions in which science education is produced, circulated, interpreted, and enacted. They also privilege a unique methodology already prominent in academic inquiry that is yet to be well explored within science education. Finally, I conclude this paper with some general comments regarding postcolonialism and the science education scholarship on cultural diversity. © 2004 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Sci Ed88:819–836, 2004

99 citations


Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: In this paper, the authors examined perceived stress-relieving benefits gained from involvement in a 12-week exercise class program by a group of mothers (n = 30, x age =373 years) and found that exercise classes had the capacity to reduce perceived stress levels.
Abstract: Lack of leisure and time to self have been found to be major stressors for mothers This paper examines perceived stress‐relieving benefits gained from involvement in a 12 week exercise class program by a group of mothers (n = 30, x age = 373 years) Qualitative data indicated that exercise classes had the capacity to reduce perceived stress levels The exercising mothers reported greater feelings of well‐being mainly due to gaining a space of their own, time‐out from busy schedules and the burden of childcare, and the feeling of doing something to improve their physical appearance The negative or constraining aspects of exercise class participation included normalisation and self examination of women's bodies, and self‐surveillance rather than freedom of choice The conclusions of this paper suggest that exercise classes can provide one avenue for mothers to take more control over their own health and lifestyle

99 citations


Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: In this article, multivariate analyses of estuarine geomorphic variables and fish-catch data support the hypothesis that estuaries in New South Wales can be classified in terms of measurable geomorphic characteristics, and that these geomorph characteristics exert an influence on estuarial biota.
Abstract: Multivariate analyses of estuarine geomorphic variables and fish-catch data support the hypothesis that estuaries in New South Wales can be classified in terms of measurable geomorphic characteristics, and that these geomorphic characteristics exert an influence on estuarine biota. The clearest example of this association is the extent to which the area of seagrass, mangrove and central mud basin relates to geomorphic settings and the extent to which the area of these units in turn predict commercial landings of fish and crustaceans. Infilled estuaries with sand barrier entrances, with higher areas of mangrove and lower areas of seagrass and central mud basin yield a catch of fish different to estuaries which are not infilled, and contain relatively high areas of seagrass and central mud basin, and less mangrove. The species contributing most to these differences in assemblages are those which multiple regression analysis identifies to be consistently associated with seagrass area, and which ecological studies reveal to be dependant upon seagrass in their post-settlement phase.

81 citations


Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: In this paper, a sample of 314 elementary preservice teachers responded to the Science Teaching Efficacy Belief Instrument (STEBI; L. G. Enochs & I. M. Riggs, 1990), which assesses two teaching efficacy dimensions: personal science teaching efficacy beliefs (PSTEB) and science teaching outcome expectation (STOE).
Abstract: Research investigating science teaching efficacy was conducted in 1 Australian university. A sample of 314 elementary preservice teachers responded to the Science Teaching Efficacy Belief Instrument (STEBI; L. G. Enochs & I. M. Riggs, 1990), which assesses 2 teaching efficacy dimensions: Personal Science Teaching Efficacy Beliefs (PSTEB) and Science Teaching Outcome Expectancy (STOE). Confirmatory factor analysis substantiated this 2-factor structure. The use of this instrument revealed that the completion of 2 science teaching subjects within the preservice program had a significant effect on the PSTEB, but not the STOE. Similarly, the number of high school science subjects studied by these elementary preservice teachers had a significant effect on PSTEB, but not STOE. However, neither gender nor the particular high school science subjects studied by these elementary preservice teachers had a significant effect on either the PSTEB or the STOE.

77 citations


Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: In this paper, the effect of changed organizational boundaries on the corporate brand and the need to examine whether it is strategically feasible to translate corporate brand values from marketplace to marketspace is discussed.
Abstract: Many existing companies have set up corporate websites in response to competitive pressures and/or the perceived advantages of having a presence in marketspace. However, the effect of this form of communication and/or way of doing business on the corporate brand has yet to be examined in detail. In this paper it is argued that the translation of corporate brand values from marketplace to marketspace is often problematic, leading to inconsistencies in the way that the brand values are interpreted. The paper reviews current practice and theory to date on corporate branding in marketspace. Some of the issues discussed are: (1) the effect of changed organizational boundaries on the corporate brand, (2) the need to examine whether it is strategically feasible to translate the corporate brand values from marketplace to marketspace, (3) the inherent di.culty in communicating the emotional aspects of the corporate brand in marketspace, and (4) the need to manage the online brand, in terms of its consistency with the off-line brand. The conclusion reached is that a necessary part of the process of embracing marketspace as part of a corporate brand strategy is a plan to manage the consistency and continuity of the corporate brand when applied to the internet. In cases where this is not achievable, a separate corporate brand or a brand extension is a preferable alternative.

75 citations


Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: The present results provide support for the claim that random practice not only leads to improvements in the completion of intratrial movement planning processes but also affects the structure of the memory developed during practice.
Abstract: According to S. T. Klapp (1995, 1996), extensive practice serves to induce the concatenation of multiple-element responses. One benefit of the chunking process, argued Klapp, is more efficient execution of motor programming. The authors conducted the present study with 30 participants to investigate that proposition. The chunking process was found to be very transient following some practice regimes. Specifically, compared with exposure to random practice, extensive blocked practice resulted in only temporary movement sequence consolidation. The present results provide support for the claim that random practice not only leads to improvements in the completion of intratrial movement planning processes but also affects the structure of the memory developed during practice. Both components are important contributors to long-term improvements in movement preparation associated with a high contextual-interference practice condition.

74 citations


Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: This review presents an overview of the literature in which habitual physical activity and fitness levels, including aerobic fitness, of asthmatic and non-asthmatic children are compared and indicates differences in physical activity levels may develop during the time of maturation from adolescence into adulthood.
Abstract: Asthma remains the most common chronic disease in childhood, reportedly affecting up to 25% of children in Western urban environmental settings. There seems to be a common perception that asthmatic children have a reduced capacity for exercise. Surprisingly, there is conflicting evidence in the literature in relation to this position. In this review, we present an overview of the literature in which habitual physical activity and fitness levels, including aerobic fitness, of asthmatic and non-asthmatic children are compared. There is contradictory evidence regarding the aerobic fitness levels of asthmatic children and adolescents, and it remains unclear whether significant differences exist between asthmatic children and their non-asthmatic counterparts. There is limited information concerning the relative anaerobic fitness of asthmatic children and adolescents; however, this is also conflicting. During childhood and adolescence, asthmatic individuals seem to have physical activity levels comparable with those of the normal paediatric population. However, differences in physical activity levels may develop during the time of maturation from adolescence into adulthood. Accordingly, it is not possible to establish a definitive conclusion about the issue in either children or adults. Further research with well designed methodologies is needed in order to determine whether asthmatic children and adolescents have different aerobic fitness, anaerobic fitness and physical activity levels when compared with the normal paediatric population.

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: The aim of the present paper was to explore the impact on the research assistant who conducted 22 in-depth interviews with the parents, and the theory that the adoption of a formal debriefing mechanism be integrated into the qualitative research process.
Abstract: The authors investigated the experiences of parents with children/adult children in metropolitan Sydney, Australia who were living with, or had recovered from, an eating disorder. During regular team meetings, the research assistant who conducted the interviews had described her reactions which led the research team to investigate her experience in more depth. The aim of the present paper was to explore the impact on the research assistant who conducted 22 in-depth interviews with the parents. One of the members of the research team interviewed the research assistant to elicit her reactions. The interview was content analyzed and the following themes were identified: (i). appreciation of an egalitarian model of research; (ii). the emotions expressed by the research assistant; (iii). making sense of the inexplicable and (iv). reflections and comparison to her own life role. The research team would like to advance the theory that the adoption of a formal debriefing mechanism be integrated into the qualitative research process.

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: In this paper, the authors explored whether the notion of spiritual intelligence is plausible and examined some of the neural sites of the human brain that have been found to be active in those who apperceive spiritual experience.
Abstract: Australian teachers in Church related schools have begun to use the term ‘spiritual intelligence’ in their educational discourse. Is it accurate to describe spirituality as a form of intelligence? This paper explores whether the notion of spiritual intelligence is plausible. It addresses this firstly by discussing the notion of spiritual experience as a mechanism for problem solving—one of the central themes that underlies the concept of intelligence. Secondly, it examines some of the neural sites of the human brain that have been found to be active in those who apperceive spiritual experience. In light of this discussion, this paper argues that although some concerns prevail in considering spirituality as a form of intelligence, the concept of spiritual intelligence may nonetheless be rendered as plausible.

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: A research project developed in partnership with the Principal and Leadership Team of an Australian secondary school monitored a school-based initiative designed to address the underachievement of male students.
Abstract: This paper reports a research project developed in partnership with the Principal and Leadership Team of an Australian secondary school. It monitored a school-based initiative designed to address the underachievement of male students. Students in Year 9 selected single-gender or coeducational classes in mathematics and English during the second half of a school year. Student scores in standardized tests and school-based assessment in these subjects were obtained before and after the establishment of the initiative. Results indicate no significant difference in mathematics achievement that can be attributed to gender or class composition. However, scores in school-based English improved for students in single-gender classes. Improvement for girls in single-gender classes was greater than that for boys in single-gender classes.

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: The findings suggest that physical activity programmes set up within the community specifically for Vietnam Veterans may benefit them psychologically as well as physically.
Abstract: Purpose: We aimed to qualitatively evaluate the experiences of a group of 14 Australian Vietnam Veterans, including five who stated being diagnosed with Posttraumatic Stress Disorder, participating...

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: In this article, the authors discuss an ongoing research project on contemporary forms of youth and young adult spirituality, highlighting issues in the history and definition of spirituality and in development of appropriate qualitative methods of investigation.
Abstract: This paper discusses an ongoing research project on contemporary forms of youth and young adult spirituality, highlighting issues in the history and definition of spirituality and in development of appropriate qualitative methods of investigation. Previous research on the topic has been bedevilled by difficulties of definition. 'Spirit' and 'spirituality' have a long history in both philosophy and religion and surviving senses of the terms include both religious and non-religious meanings. This paper suggests that 'lexical' definitions based on usage prove unwieldy because of widely varying and conflicting contents. Only a 'stipulative' definition will serve to provide a research project with a clear focus; our definition of spirituality as 'a conscious way of life based on a transcendent referent' is explained and defended. Next, we outline the distinctive features of our methodology: no direct mention of the term spirituality, an emphasis on personal narration and the use of evocative techniques. We con...

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: Acceptance of pregnancy and an evolving positive sense of identity was assisted by support from families, particularly mothers, access to sympathetic and expert health professionals, exposure to a range of opinions through classes, books and the media, and general acceptance from society at large.

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: In this paper, the stable isotope abundance of carbon in the lichen Cladia aggregata has been investigated in a study relating these values with known levels of selected pollutants in the region within a 200-km radius of Sydney, Australia.

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: In this article, a pilot study concerning adolescent boys and spirituality, and specifically on data gathered from interviews with 20 boys of 15-17 years, is presented. But the authors focus on the data collected from these interviews will inform the development of a questionnaire to be used more widely in the next stage of research.
Abstract: This paper reports on a pilot study concerning adolescent boys and spirituality, and specifically on data gathered from interviews with 20 boys of 15-17 years. The data from these interviews will inform the development of a questionnaire to be used more widely in the next stage of the research. The paper also explains and justifies the analytical schema through which the interviews were conducted and analysed and a subsequent instrument for broader use developed. It describes the rationale and background of the study, presents the schema that was developed to analyse the interviews and explores some of the ideas that emerged from the interviews that, along with the analytical schema, have helped to structure the questionnaire.

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: Findings indicate that interspecific competition for space between a scleractinian coral and an alcyonacean soft coral and/or changes in the environmental nutrient regime can influence concentrations of complementary/secondary metabolites in the alcy onacean coral and the organism's stored energy reserves.

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: This methods paper is aimed at nursing academics, authors and nursing students interested in the practical reality of research but who are also mindful of the necessity for rigour.
Abstract: This article discusses the experience, rationale for and limitations of the journal, namely--research participant's personal journal and the researcher's field journal as a method for collecting qualitative data. Numerous strengths are proposed for and limitations are countered in the use of the journal as a method. This methods paper is aimed at nursing academics, authors and nursing students interested in the practical reality of research but who are also mindful of the necessity for rigour. A second paper will discuss the experience, rationale for and limitations of the group discussion as a suitable method for collecting qualitative data.

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: A number of strengths are proposed for and the limitations are countered in the use of the group discussion as a method for collecting qualitative data.
Abstract: This article discusses the experience, rationale for and limitations of the group discussion as a method for collecting qualitative data. The researcher defines the group discussion as a focused group depth discussion' premised on a review of the focus group literature. A number of strengths are proposed for and the limitations are countered in the use of the group discussion as a method for collecting qualitative data.

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: The design of an intervention that will enable the escalation of performance levels of the SB through the combination of effective management principles and a well-planned optimal use of IT is considered in this article.
Abstract: The small business (SB) sector plays an extremely important role in the South African economy. Unfortunately, many small firms experience failure within the first three years of existence and face intensification of competition that requires increased productivity and flexibility. Information technology (IT) can be implemented into the SB environment to provide critical information, increase productivity, overcome failure and gain a competitive edge. Small firms have implemented IT to a relatively large degree, but it is not being utilized optimally within this environment. The design of an intervention that will enable the escalation of performance levels of the SB through the combination of effective management principles and a well-planned optimal use of IT is considered in this article. The intervention is a computerized system, which is based on a Microsoft Windows application development system that provides pre-formatted worksheets, to collect input from the users of the system and then facilitate the formulation of recommendations.

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: In this article, a comparison of social work practice in rural areas of the United States and Australia reflects similar characteristics, and the authors add support to the assertion that there are particular qualities to rural areas.
Abstract: A comparison of social work practice in rural areas of the United States and Australia reflects similar characteristics. Findings add support to the assertion that there are particular qualities to...

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: The authors examined what happened from another angle, namely from Antioch, and it can be seen that the standard portrayal needs to be treated with caution, while an Antiochene perspective offers new insight into the sequence of events as they unfolded.
Abstract: The basic details of the portrayal by the sources of the episcopate of John Chrysostom have long been accepted in the literature. So also the perspective from which his episcopate is viewed, which is both Constantinopolitan and partisan. By examining what happened from another angle, namely from Antioch, it can be seen that the standard portrayal needs to be treated with caution. At the same time, an Antiochene perspective offers new insight into the sequence of events as they unfolded.

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: The authors investigated a method for assessing body image satisfaction based on computer manipulation of a digitized image of self using a sample of 56 female students aged 17 to 22 years, and found the computer adjustment method addressed several limitations of the figural/silhouette method, such as scale coarseness and the accuracy of proportional change between figural /silhouettes.
Abstract: The authors investigated a method for assessing body image satisfaction based on computer manipulation of a digitized image of self using a sample of 56 female students aged 17 to 22 years. The total percentage change when re-sizing the actual image to the ideal by the computer adjustment method was significantly correlated with the figural/silhouette discrepancy method. Both of these measures were correlated significantly with body part satisfaction and body mass index but not with social physique anxiety. Although for this sample the 2 methods yielded similar results, the computer adjustment method addresses several limitations of the figural/silhouette method, such as scale coarseness and the accuracy of proportional change between figural/silhouettes. Furthermore, by using the individual's actual image, potential confounds associated with stylized figure drawings that are typically based on Caucasian physical features are removed. Finally, this method also takes into account the importance of various ...

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: In this paper, an analysis of the interactions between gender and class in the career pathways of social workers practising as counsellors and psychotherapists was presented, finding that men were more likely to identify their family origins as working class, while women identify their fam...
Abstract: This article presents an analysis of the interactions between gender and class in the career pathways of social workers practising as counsellors and psychotherapists. Gender is one of the strong patterns found in the empirical data generated by a qualitative study of the professional identity of practitioners in social work. Gender was found to have a strong influence on the career choices made by men and women in social work. Women in the sample have pursued career directions that continue to have a strong clinical focus, combined with other roles such as management, supervision and training. They are more likely to express the need to balance their working lives with the needs of their families. Men are more likely to single-mindedly pursue careers in management and to express feelings of responsibility to provide for their families once children are born. However, the analysis of data also found that men were more likely to identify their family origins as working class, while women identify their fam...


Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: Analysis of data suggests that Nepalese female immigrants with the ability to comprehend and speak English and a level of education and skill required by Australia can successfully negotiate the change of culture and adapt to their new society.
Abstract: Background: Nepal is a small mountainous South Asian country located between the nations of India and China. Forty-two per cent of the 22 million Nepalese people live in poverty. As a result, immigration to a developed country is the dream of many but available to few. Some immigrants from Nepal have arrived in Australia in recent years entering the ‘Skill’ stream of eligibility categories. Nepalese immigrants to Australia are predominantly young married couples with professional education qualifications. Aim: To generate knowledge of the childbirth and early experiences of Nepalese women in their mother country and in Australia. The aspect presented here is the immigration experiences of Nepalese women to Australia. Method: An ethnographic, grounded theory approach was used to observe and analyse the experiences of 11 Nepalese participants. Findings: Analysis of data suggests that Nepalese female immigrants with the ability to comprehend and speak English and a level of education and skill required by Australia can successfully negotiate the change of culture and adapt to their new society. Major benefits of immigration for the women were the opportunities to work, become independent and to share in decision making for their family. Conclusion and implications for nursing practice: Severance from the Nepalese joint family, a male dominant hierarchical society, and a new way of life allow a Nepalese woman to become an individual rather than a member of a collective. This study has produced transcultural information from the perspective of the educated professional Nepalese female immigrant that will assist in the provision of midwifery and nursing care.

Book
02 Aug 2004
TL;DR: 1. Energy balance and body composition in sports and exercise, Carbohydrates and fat for training and recovery, and Nutritional strategies to influence adaptations to training
Abstract: 1. Energy balance and body composition in sports and exercise 2. Carbohydrates and fat for training and recovery 3. Pre-exercise carbohydrate and fat ingestion: effects on metabolism and performance 4. Fluid and fuel intake during exercise 5. Fluid and electrolyte needs for preparation and recovery from training and competition 6. Protein and amino acids 7. Dietary antioxidants and exercise 8. Dietary supplements 9. Exercise, nutrition and immune function 10. Nutritional strategies to influence adaptations to training