Institution
Australian National University
Education•Canberra, Australian Capital Territory, Australia•
About: Australian National University is a education organization based out in Canberra, Australian Capital Territory, Australia. It is known for research contribution in the topics: Population & Galaxy. The organization has 34419 authors who have published 109261 publications receiving 4315448 citations. The organization is also known as: The Australian National University & ANU.
Topics: Population, Galaxy, Context (language use), Politics, Stars
Papers published on a yearly basis
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TL;DR: In this article, a theoretical study of the relative rates and the regio-and stereo-chemistry of ring closure of a variety of alkenyl radicals was performed using MM2 force-field calculations.
621 citations
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TL;DR: The pulse of transmitter, although very brief, can prolong the timecourse of the fastest AMPA synaptic currents, and is sufficient to saturate postsynaptic GABA, glycine or NMDA receptors.
619 citations
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Macquarie University1, University of Grenoble2, University of Cambridge3, Australian National University4, Royal Botanic Gardens5, University of Waikato6, Wageningen University and Research Centre7, University of Regina8, Smithsonian Tropical Research Institute9, Tohoku University10, Institut national de la recherche agronomique11, Florida International University12, University of Toronto13, VU University Amsterdam14, University of Freiburg15, Max Planck Society16, Kyoto University17, Spanish National Research Council18, Forschungszentrum Jülich19, Columbia University20, Landcare Research21, University of Alcalá22, University of Stirling23, National Dong Hwa University24, Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences25, University of Maryland, College Park26, University of Puerto Rico27, University of Puerto Rico, Río Piedras28
TL;DR: Traits generate trade-offs between performance with competition versus performance without competition, a fundamental ingredient in the classical hypothesis that the coexistence of plant species is enabled via differentiation in their successional strategies.
Abstract: Phenotypic traits and their associated trade-offs have been shown to have globally consistent effects on individual plant physiological functions, but how these effects scale up to influence competition, a key driver of community assembly in terrestrial vegetation, has remained unclear. Here we use growth data from more than 3 million trees in over 140,000 plots across the world to show how three key functional traits--wood density, specific leaf area and maximum height--consistently influence competitive interactions. Fast maximum growth of a species was correlated negatively with its wood density in all biomes, and positively with its specific leaf area in most biomes. Low wood density was also correlated with a low ability to tolerate competition and a low competitive effect on neighbours, while high specific leaf area was correlated with a low competitive effect. Thus, traits generate trade-offs between performance with competition versus performance without competition, a fundamental ingredient in the classical hypothesis that the coexistence of plant species is enabled via differentiation in their successional strategies. Competition within species was stronger than between species, but an increase in trait dissimilarity between species had little influence in weakening competition. No benefit of dissimilarity was detected for specific leaf area or wood density, and only a weak benefit for maximum height. Our trait-based approach to modelling competition makes generalization possible across the forest ecosystems of the world and their highly diverse species composition.
618 citations
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TL;DR: In this article, the authors used secondary electron (SEM) and cathodoluminescence (CL) imaging to date zircon and monazite from granulite-to amphibolite-facies rocks of the Vosges mountains (central Variscan Belt, eastern France) by ion-microprobe and conventional U-Pb techniques.
Abstract: Zircon and monazite from granulite- to amphibolite-facies rocks of the Vosges mountains (central Variscan Belt, eastern France) were dated by ion-microprobe and conventional U-Pb techniques. Different granulites of igneous (so-called leptynites) and sedimentary origin (kinzigites) and their leucosomes were dated at 334.9 ± 3.6, 335.4 ± 3.6 and 336.7 ± 3.5 Ma (conventional age 335.4 ± 0.6 Ma). Subsequent growth stages of zircon were distinguished by secondary electron (SEM) and cathodoluminescence (CL) imaging: (1) subsolidus growth producing round anhedral morphologies and sector zoning; (2) appearance of an intergranular fluid or melt phase at incipient dehydration melting that first resulted in resorption of pre-existing zircons, followed by growth of acicular zircons or overgrowths on round zircons consisting of planar growth zoning; (3) advanced melting producing euhedral prismatic zircons with oscillatory zoning overgrowing the sector zones. Two further lithologies, the Kaysersberg granite and the Trois-Epis units, were both formerly considered as migmatites. The intrusion of the Kaysersberg granite was dated at 325.8 ± 4.8 Ma. The Trois-Epis unit was found to be the product of volume recrystallization of a former granulite, which occurred under amphibolite-facies conditions 327.9 ± 4.4 Ma ago. The amphibolite-facies overprint of the Trois-Epis zircons led to the complete rejuvenation of most of the zircon domains by annealing and replacement/recrystallization processes. Annealing is assumed to occur in strained lattice domains, which are possibly disturbed by high trace element contents and/or large differences in decay damage between adjacent growth zones. Investigation of cathodoluminescence structures reveals that the replacement occurs along curved chemical reaction fronts that proceed from the surface towards the interior of the zircon. The monazite U-Pb system still records the age of high-grade metamorphism at around 335 Ma. The chemical reagent responsible for the rejuvenation of zircon obviously left the monazite unaffected.
618 citations
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Monterey Bay Aquarium Research Institute1, Washington University in St. Louis2, University of Washington3, Flanders Institute for Biotechnology4, United States Department of Energy5, J. Craig Venter Institute6, University of Miami7, Pierre-and-Marie-Curie University8, Stanford University9, University of Provence10, University of Arizona11, University of Oslo12, Australian National University13, Alfred Wegener Institute for Polar and Marine Research14, University of Iowa15, University of Perpignan16, Macquarie University17, University of Montpellier18, Erasmus University Rotterdam19
TL;DR: It is found that genomes from two isolates shared only 90% of their predicted genes, and divergence appears to have been facilitated by selection and acquisition processes that actively shape the repertoire of genes that are mutually exclusive between the two isolate differently than the core genes.
Abstract: Picoeukaryotes are a taxonomically diverse group of organisms less than 2 micrometers in diameter. Photosynthetic marine picoeukaryotes in the genus Micromonas thrive in ecosystems ranging from tropical to polar and could serve as sentinel organisms for biogeochemical fluxes of modern oceans during climate change. These broadly distributed primary producers belong to an anciently diverged sister clade to land plants. Although Micromonas isolates have high 18S ribosomal RNA gene identity, we found that genomes from two isolates shared only 90% of their predicted genes. Their independent evolutionary paths were emphasized by distinct riboswitch arrangements as well as the discovery of intronic repeat elements in one isolate, and in metagenomic data, but not in other genomes. Divergence appears to have been facilitated by selection and acquisition processes that actively shape the repertoire of genes that are mutually exclusive between the two isolates differently than the core genes. Analyses of the Micromonas genomes offer valuable insights into ecological differentiation and the dynamic nature of early plant evolution.
617 citations
Authors
Showing all 34925 results
Name | H-index | Papers | Citations |
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Cyrus Cooper | 204 | 1869 | 206782 |
Nicholas G. Martin | 192 | 1770 | 161952 |
David R. Williams | 178 | 2034 | 138789 |
Krzysztof Matyjaszewski | 169 | 1431 | 128585 |
Anton M. Koekemoer | 168 | 1127 | 106796 |
Robert G. Webster | 158 | 843 | 90776 |
Ashok Kumar | 151 | 5654 | 164086 |
Andrew White | 149 | 1494 | 113874 |
Bernhard Schölkopf | 148 | 1092 | 149492 |
Paul Mitchell | 146 | 1378 | 95659 |
Liming Dai | 141 | 781 | 82937 |
Thomas J. Smith | 140 | 1775 | 113919 |
Michael J. Keating | 140 | 1169 | 76353 |
Joss Bland-Hawthorn | 136 | 1114 | 77593 |
Harold A. Mooney | 135 | 450 | 100404 |