Institution
Australian Research Council
Government•Canberra, Australian Capital Territory, Australia•
About: Australian Research Council is a government organization based out in Canberra, Australian Capital Territory, Australia. It is known for research contribution in the topics: Population & T cell. The organization has 2580 authors who have published 3317 publications receiving 129299 citations. The organization is also known as: ARC & arc.gov.au.
Topics: Population, T cell, Galaxy, T-cell receptor, Antigen
Papers published on a yearly basis
Papers
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TL;DR: It is shown that neutralization level is highly predictive of immune protection, and an evidence-based model of SARS-CoV-2 immune protection that will assist in developing vaccine strategies to control the future trajectory of the pandemic is provided.
Abstract: Predictive models of immune protection from COVID-19 are urgently needed to identify correlates of protection to assist in the future deployment of vaccines. To address this, we analyzed the relationship between in vitro neutralization levels and the observed protection from severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) infection using data from seven current vaccines and from convalescent cohorts. We estimated the neutralization level for 50% protection against detectable SARS-CoV-2 infection to be 20.2% of the mean convalescent level (95% confidence interval (CI) = 14.4–28.4%). The estimated neutralization level required for 50% protection from severe infection was significantly lower (3% of the mean convalescent level; 95% CI = 0.7–13%, P = 0.0004). Modeling of the decay of the neutralization titer over the first 250 d after immunization predicts that a significant loss in protection from SARS-CoV-2 infection will occur, although protection from severe disease should be largely retained. Neutralization titers against some SARS-CoV-2 variants of concern are reduced compared with the vaccine strain, and our model predicts the relationship between neutralization and efficacy against viral variants. Here, we show that neutralization level is highly predictive of immune protection, and provide an evidence-based model of SARS-CoV-2 immune protection that will assist in developing vaccine strategies to control the future trajectory of the pandemic. Estimates of the levels of neutralizing antibodies necessary for protection against symptomatic SARS-CoV-2 or severe COVID-19 are a fraction of the mean level in convalescent serum and will be useful in guiding vaccine rollouts.
2,705 citations
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TL;DR: New global maps of the Köppen-Geiger climate classification at an unprecedented 1-km resolution for the present-day and for projected future conditions under climate change are presented, providing valuable indications of the reliability of the classifications.
Abstract: We present new global maps of the Koppen-Geiger climate classification at an unprecedented 1-km resolution for the present-day (1980–2016) and for projected future conditions (2071–2100) under climate change. The present-day map is derived from an ensemble of four high-resolution, topographically-corrected climatic maps. The future map is derived from an ensemble of 32 climate model projections (scenario RCP8.5), by superimposing the projected climate change anomaly on the baseline high-resolution climatic maps. For both time periods we calculate confidence levels from the ensemble spread, providing valuable indications of the reliability of the classifications. The new maps exhibit a higher classification accuracy and substantially more detail than previous maps, particularly in regions with sharp spatial or elevation gradients. We anticipate the new maps will be useful for numerous applications, including species and vegetation distribution modeling. The new maps including the associated confidence maps are freely available via www.gloh2o.org/koppen
. Machine-accessible metadata file describing the reported data (ISA-Tab format)
2,434 citations
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TL;DR: RNAs appear to comprise a hidden layer of internal signals that control various levels of gene expression in physiology and development, including chromatin architecture/epigenetic memory, transcription, RNA splicing, editing, translation and turnover.
Abstract: The term non-coding RNA (ncRNA) is commonly employed for RNA that does not encode a protein, but this does not mean that such RNAs do not contain information nor have function. Although it has been generally assumed that most genetic information is transacted by proteins, recent evidence suggests that the majority of the genomes of mammals and other complex organisms is in fact transcribed into ncRNAs, many of which are alternatively spliced and/or processed into smaller products. These ncRNAs include microRNAs and snoRNAs (many if not most of which remain to be identified), as well as likely other classes of yet-to-be-discovered small regulatory RNAs, and tens of thousands of longer transcripts (including complex patterns of interlacing and overlapping sense and antisense transcripts), most of whose functions are unknown. These RNAs (including those derived from introns) appear to comprise a hidden layer of internal signals that control various levels of gene expression in physiology and development, including chromatin architecture/epigenetic memory, transcription, RNA splicing, editing, translation and turnover. RNA regulatory networks may determine most of our complex characteristics, play a significant role in disease and constitute an unexplored world of genetic variation both within and between species.
2,204 citations
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Civil Aviation Authority of Singapore1, Rothamsted Research2, University of Copenhagen3, Beijing Institute of Genomics4, Rural Development Administration5, John Innes Centre6, University of Georgia7, North China University of Science and Technology8, University of California, Berkeley9, University of Missouri10, Australian Research Council11, University of Queensland12, National Research Council13, Bielefeld University14, Australian Centre for Plant Functional Genomics15, University of Rennes16, Wageningen University and Research Centre17, Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada18, Huazhong Agricultural University19, French Alternative Energies and Atomic Energy Commission20, Chungnam National University21, Norwich Research Park22
TL;DR: The annotation and analysis of the draft genome sequence of Brassica rapa accession Chiifu-401-42, a Chinese cabbage, and used Arabidopsis thaliana as an outgroup for investigating the consequences of genome triplication, such as structural and functional evolution.
Abstract: We report the annotation and analysis of the draft genome sequence of Brassica rapa accession Chiifu-401-42, a Chinese cabbage. We modeled 41,174 protein coding genes in the B. rapa genome, which has undergone genome triplication. We used Arabidopsis thaliana as an outgroup for investigating the consequences of genome triplication, such as structural and functional evolution. The extent of gene loss (fractionation) among triplicated genome segments varies, with one of the three copies consistently retaining a disproportionately large fraction of the genes expected to have been present in its ancestor. Variation in the number of members of gene families present in the genome may contribute to the remarkable morphological plasticity of Brassica species. The B. rapa genome sequence provides an important resource for studying the evolution of polyploid genomes and underpins the genetic improvement of Brassica oil and vegetable crops.
1,811 citations
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TL;DR: The recent development of defined mutagenesis systems for Leptospira heralds the potential for gaining a much improved understanding of pathogenesis in leptospirosis, and shows promise for the development of vaccines based on defined protective antigens.
1,764 citations
Authors
Showing all 2612 results
Name | H-index | Papers | Citations |
---|---|---|---|
Martin White | 196 | 2038 | 232387 |
Andrew White | 149 | 1494 | 113874 |
John R. Hodges | 149 | 812 | 82709 |
Shi-Zhang Qiao | 142 | 523 | 80888 |
Paul Jackson | 141 | 1372 | 93464 |
Jun Chen | 136 | 1856 | 77368 |
Joss Bland-Hawthorn | 136 | 1114 | 77593 |
Hugh P. Possingham | 129 | 847 | 59759 |
James Whelan | 128 | 786 | 89180 |
Aldo Saavedra | 126 | 681 | 71192 |
Graham D. Farquhar | 124 | 368 | 75181 |
David B. Lindenmayer | 119 | 954 | 59129 |
Jacqueline Batley | 119 | 1212 | 68752 |
Martin Asplund | 118 | 612 | 52527 |
William L. Griffin | 117 | 862 | 61494 |