Showing papers by "Banaras Hindu University published in 1970"

Studies on the Seed Fat Composition of Moringaceae family

Abstract: The component fatty acids of the seed fats of Moringa pterygosperma and Moringa concanensis have been investigated by using the techniques of urea-adduct segregation and quantitative paper chromatography. The present analysis indicates the percentage composition of the mixed fatty acids to be: palmitic 3.1, 11.7; stearic 8.0, 3.8; arachidic 7.8, 2.4; behenic 3.5, 4.1; lignoceric 5.8, 0.6; oleic 71.0, 75.5 and linoleic 0.8, 0.9% respectively. Untersuchungen uber die Zusammensetzung des Fettes der Moringaceae Samen Die Fettsaure-Zusammensetzung des Samenfettes von Moringa pterygosperma und Moringa concanensis wurde nach der Harnstoff-Addukt-Fraktionierung und quantitativen Papier-Chromatographie untersucht. Die Gesamtfettsauren der M. pterygosperma bzw. M. concanensis enthielten 3.1 bzw. 11.7% Palmitin-, 8.0 bzw. 3.8% Stearin-, 7.8 bzw. 2.4% Arachin-, 3.5 bzw. 4.1% Behen-, 5.8 bzw. 0.6% Lignocerin-, 71.0 bzw. 75.5% Ol- sowie 0.8 bzw. 0.9% Linolsaure.

Solidification of aluminium-germanium alloys at high cooling rates

Abstract: Aluminium-germanium alloys, covering the entire composition range, were subjected to rapid solidification by different techniques ranging from the gun technique of splat cooling to simple quenching of the melt in water. The constitution, microstructure and crystal structure of the alloys thus solidified under cooling rates varying from 103 to 107° C/sec were studied by standard optical, electron- and X-ray metallographic techniques. The solid solubility of Ge in Al could be increased from the equilibrium value of 2.8 at. % to a maximum of 7.2 at. %. In addition, two new non-equilibrium tetragonal phasesγ 1(a=12.91 to 13.11 A,c=12.00 to 12.10 A) andγ 2(a=14.98 A,c= 16.03 A) could be obtained in alloys containing 15 to 40 and 40 to 80 at. % Ge respectively. In relation to the face-centred cubicα solid solution, these appear to be made up of 30 and 52 unit cells, respectively, with the relations $$a_{\gamma _1 } \simeq \sqrt {10a_\alpha } $$ , $$C_{\gamma _1 } \simeq 3a_\alpha $$ and $$a_{\gamma _2 } \simeq \sqrt {13a_\alpha } $$ , $$C_{\gamma _2 } \simeq 4a_\alpha $$ . A new non-equilibrium constitution diagram connecting cooling rate with constitution at room temperature has been proposed and seems to explain all observations satisfactorily.

A new indian source of diosgenin (Costus speciosus)

Abstract: Eine neue, ergiebige Quelle zur Gewinnung von Diosgenin ausCostus speciosus wird beschrieben.

Lattice Dynamics of Sodium Halides

Abstract: A modified shell model developed earlier by the authors which included the effect of three-body forces has been used to study the lattice dynamics of sodium halides. The model has been ascribed a fundamental basis by pointing out that amongst the current phenomenological models, this one makes the nearest approach to the shell model recently derived by Sinha on rigorous quantum-mechanical considerations. Excellent agreement has been obtained with experimental data on phonon dispersion relations, specific heats at constant volume, and the infrared absorption and Raman scattering spectra of the solids.

Role of Four-Phonon Processes in the Lattice Thermal Conductivity of Silicon from 300 to 1300°K

Abstract: It is shown that the high-temperature behavior of the lattice thermal conductivity of silicon, which has been carefully remeasured recently by Fulkerson et al., can be explained by the four-phonon processes. It has been also found that the major contribution to the phonon thermal conductivity at high temperatures comes from the high-frequency transverse phonons.

Effect of Three-Body Interactions on the Shell Model of Alkali Halides: Application to KF and KCl

Abstract: A modified shell model of ionic solids described in two earlier communications [1, 2] has been applied to study the lattice dynamics of KF and KCl. The theoretical results obtained are found to agree excellently well with available experimental data. Ein in zwei fruheren Arbeiten [1, 2] beschriebenes, modifiziertes Schalenmodell wird auf die Untersuchung der Gitterdynamik von KF und KCl angewendet. Die theoretischen Ergebnisse stimmen ausgezeichnet mit bekannten experimentellen Werten uberein.

On frequency magnitude and energy of significant Indian earthquakes

Abstract: Frequency, magnitude and energy of Indian earthquakes with magnitude greater than 5 has been studied. The Indian regions can be divided into three main seismically active regions, viz. 1. Delhi and Himalayan region, 2. Assam region and 3. Koyana region which includes southwest India. The relations between frequency-magnitude and energy-magnitude of earthquakes are shown in Fig. 3 and 4 respectively. Further a relationship, logN=p+q logE type has been established for frequency and energy of Indian earthquakes and the values of constantsp andq have been determined for all the three seismic regions. The results thus obtained are good and satisfactory.

Induction and repression of L-arabinose isomerase in bacteriophage-infected Salmonella typhimurium.

Abstract: The induction of l-arabinose isomerase in Salmonella typhimurium (LT2) is repressed on infection with clear plaque forming mutants (C1 and C2) of the temperate phage P22 (C+). However, after infection with C+ leading to lysogeny, there is a temporary repression. During this period, messenger ribonucleic acid (RNA) for l-arabinose isomerase accumulates. DNA-RNA hybridization data suggest that there is transcription of host DNA during the period of repression. Interference at the level of translation might be responsible for the cessation of induced enzyme synthesis.

Crystal Vibrations of Silicon by the Use of Valence Force Potentials

Abstract: The dispersion curves for silicon in the symmetry directions [ζ, 0, 0], [ζ, ζ, 0] and [ζ, ζ, ζ] are calculated using valence force potentials. Two different models have been used, the one with three valence force constants and the other with six valence force constants. The initial set of three valence force constants have been derived by incorporating Lippincott potential in the general valence force field for silicon. The force constants have been refined using a manual method and further by a least square fitting program with some known neutron scattering frequencies. The results with the six adjusted valence force constants potential model are in good agreement with the experimental results. The Debye characteristic temperatures have been calculated and they are in good agreement with the experimental values. Es werden die Dispersionskurven fur Silizium in den Symmetrierichtungen [ζ, 0, 0], [ζ, ζ, 0] und [ζ, ζ, ζ] mit Valenzbindungspotentialen berechnet. Zwei unterschiedliche Modelle werden benutzt, das eine mit drei Valenzkraftkonstanten und das andere mit sechs Valenzkraftkonstanten. Der anfangliche Satz von drei Valenzkraftkonstanten wurde durch Einschlus des Lippincott-Potentials in das allgemeine Valenzkraftfeld fur Silizium abgeleitet. Die Kraftkonstanten wurden mit einer Handrechenmethode und weiter durch Anpassung an einige bekannte Neutronenstreufrequenzen mit einem Programm kleinster Quadrate verbessert. Die Ergebnisse mit dem Potentialmodell mit sechs angepasten Valenzkraftkonstanten befinden sich mit den experimentellen Ergebnissen in guter Ubereinstimmung. Es wurden die charakteristischen Debye-Temperaturen berechnet; sie befinden sich ebenfalls in guter Ubereinstimmung mit experimentellen Ergebnissen.

Frequent heterocyst germination in the blue-green alga gloeotrichia ghosei singh1

Abstract: SUMMARY A unique feature, frequent heterocyst germination, has been observed in a nonsporulating mutant clone (of spontaneous origin) of the blue-green alga Gloeotrichia ghosei Singh. The controlling factor seems to be the presence of ammoniacal nitrogen in the medium. In addition, such a medium supports differentiation of successive crops of new heterocysts and their germination in the name medium and in the same algal culture. Contrary to previous observations with oilier blue-green algae, ammoniacal nitrogen does not seem to inhibit heterocyst differentiation in this alga. Both the parent alga and its mutant clone grow poorly in a nitrogen-free medium, which, although they are not completely free from bacteria, may indicate that they tire poor fixers or nonfixers. However, they form a large number of heterocysts under these conditions. The general conclusion is that the heterocysts of blue-green algae show a multiplicity of structure and function. In the present case they have reproductive function leading to direct propagation of the alga. The bearing of these findings on the interrelationships of the genera Gloeotrichia and Rivularia has been discussed. It has been concluded that the distinction between them is purely artificial.

Structure of the integument of a fresh-water teleost, Bagarius bagarius (Ham.) (Sisoridae, pisces)

Abstract: The skin of Bagarius bagarius (Ham.) is devoid of scales but is rough due to the presence of numerous pentagonal epidermal elevations, which are separated by deep furrows at regular intervals. These elevated pentagonal regions of the epidermis are covered by dead cornified cells in the form of caps. As the old cap goes off a new one is formed by the death of the underlying epidermal cells. The middle layer of the epidermis is mainly composed of well defined polygonal cells. Their cytoplasm is granular in nature and give reactions for protein bound sulphydryl groups. The stratum germinativum is composed of two types of basal cells, the columnar cells and the spherical cells. The flask shaped mucous glands are restricted to the epidermal furrows and secrete either neutral or acidic mucopolysaccharides. Certain large specialysed granular cells are found in the epidermis which are grouped around the taste buds. These specialysed cells may be the photocytes. Two layers of the dermis can be distinguished—the relatively thin stratum laxum and the thick stratum compactum. Dermal papillae mainly support the taste buds. The pigment cells are arranged in two layers in the dermis. The subcutis is composed of loose connective tissues, richly infiltrated with the fat cells, nerves and blood capillaries.

Chemical investigation of the seed fat of Celastrus paniculatus

Abstract: The fatty acid composition of the seed fat of Celastrus paniculatus was determined by spectrophotometry, urea adduct formation and quantitative paper chromatography. The percentages of individual acids were found to be: formic, 1.5; acetic, traces; benzoic, 3.4; palmitic, 31.2; stearic, 3.5; oleic, 22.5; linoleic, 15.7; and linolenic, 22.2. A solid ester (m.p. 60–62°c), isolated from the seed fat, has been partly characterised by chromatography and spectral analysis.

Some geoelectrical investigations for potential groundwater zones in part of Azamgarh area of U.P.

Abstract: The results of some electrical sounding measurements have been used for defining potential groundwater zones in part of Azamgarh district of Uttar Pradesh, India. The area covered is a part of gangetic alluvial tract. Aquifers consist of lenticular sand masses distributed within the alluvium. The ideal geoelectrical conditions, generally desired for the interpretation of resistivity curves, lack in the area. Among the number of layers encountered in lithologs, only a few are delineated by quantitative interpretation of the sounding data. A study of the total transverse resistance and longitudinal conductance for a particular depth of the alluvial column has helped in defining potential groundwater zones.

Multiple sex-chromosomes in the common Indian krait, Bungarus caeruleus Schneider.

Abstract: The highly poisonous common Indian Krait, Bungarus caeruleus of the family Elapidae has 2n ♂=44 and 2n ♀=43. There is a sharp difference in size between macro and microchromosomes. The number of macrochromosomes is 24 in males and 23 in females whereas there are 20 microchromosomes in both the sexes. The difference in number of macro-chromosomes in the two sexes is explainable on the basis of translocation of a macro-autosome to the W chromosome resulting in a multiple sex-chromosome constitution of Z1Z1Z2Z2♂/Z1Z2W♀-types. Autoradiographic studies using H3-TdR show that the W is late replicating except for the translocated part which finishes its replication along with the macroautosomes. This is the first example of a multiple sex-chromosome complex in a vertebrate with female heterogamety.

Global variation ofb in the gutenberg richter's relation LogN=a−bM with depth

Abstract: Variation ofb with depth has been studied using most likelihood method of estimatingb proposed byUtsu and it has been found thatb remains practicall constant upto a depth of 400 km, at which there is a sharp increase in the value ofb which decreases with depth. The distribution of Maximum magnitude with depth shows that the maximum magnitude decreases upto 300 km and below this level there is an increase in the maximum magnitude which again decreases with depth. The frequency of distribution ofb values is found to cluster around 0.8.

Verticillium Psalliotae as a Parasite of Rhopalomyces

Abstract: A strain of Rhopalomyces elegans from soil was found to be heavily infected with Verticillium psalliotae which is a serious parasite of the commercial mushroom. Young conidiophores are most vulnerable. Following penetration the Verticillium grows up the conidiophore and enters the conidia which then become filled with the hyphae of the parasite. V. psalliotae was found to attack other members of the Mucorales but not so vigorously. It is suggested that Rhopalomyces and other soil fungi may act as a reservoir for the Verticillium pathogen and thereby have some significance in the etiology of the mushroom disease. V. psalliotae is redescribed.

Vibrational Spectra and Thermodynamic Functions of the Three Isomeric Methoxyphenols

Abstract: Infrared absorption spectra in the range of 250-4000 cm−1 of the three isomeric methoxyphenols are reported. The para methoxyphenol is in the solid phase at room temperature and its spectrum has been investigated in the range of 700-4000 cm−1 in chloroform solution in addition to the spectrum recorded for its nujol mull. Under the usual approximation of the two substituent groups taken as point masses the observed bands have been assigned to different modes of vibration. These assignments have been used to calculate the molar thermodynamic functions for these compounds.