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Institution

Bar-Ilan University

EducationRamat Gan, Israel
About: Bar-Ilan University is a education organization based out in Ramat Gan, Israel. It is known for research contribution in the topics: Population & Poison control. The organization has 12835 authors who have published 34964 publications receiving 995648 citations. The organization is also known as: Bar Ilan University & BIU.


Papers
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Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: In this paper, an X-ray diffraction of the initial zinc sulfide−silica (ZSS) powder yields diffraction peaks corresponding to the ZnS phase.
Abstract: Ultrasonic irradiation of a slurry of amorphous silica microspheres, zinc acetate, and thioacetamide in an aqueous medium for 3 h under ambient air yields zinc sulfide coated on silica. The powder X-ray diffraction of the initial zinc sulfide−silica (ZSS) powder yields diffraction peaks corresponding to the ZnS phase. The TEM image of ZSS shows that the porous ZnS nanoparticles (diameter 1−5 nm) coated the silica (SiO2) surface as thin layers or nanoclusters, depending on the reactant concentration. Infrared spectroscopy illustrates the structural changes that occurred in the siloxane network and surface silanol groups of SiO2 upon the ultrasonic deposition of ZnS. The optical absorption of porous ZnS shows a broad band at around 610 nm, ascribed to unusual surface state transition. The absorption energy of the surface state transition is lower than the band gap of the ZnS particles and probably stems from the dangling surface bonds or defects. On the other hand, the ZSS does not show the surface state tr...

264 citations

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: In this article, the authors explore the degree to which construction superintendents are aware of hazards and how well they perceive the associated risks, 61 subjects were asked to identify the hazards in a typical construction project, to assess their risk level, and to estimate the probability and the severity of possible accidents.

264 citations

Journal ArticleDOI
Yigal Cohen1
TL;DR: The potential of a plant to resist attack by a pathogen is enhanced after an initial inoculation with a necrotrophic pathogen as mentioned in this paper, which is called systemic acquired resistance (SAR).
Abstract: The potential of a plant to resist attack by a pathogen is enhanced after an initial inoculation with a necrotrophic pathogen. Not only the initially inoculated tissue, but also the remote organs such as leaves and roots, become resistant. Such immunization, named systemic acquired resistance (SAR), was first observed by Chester (4) with Tobacco mosaic virus (TMV) in tobacco and was further demonstrated by the pioneering work of Ross (50) and Kuc (28,29). Efforts devoted to discovering the signal translocating during SAR revealed (26,35,40) the central role of salicylic acid (SA) in activating the defense mechanisms leading to SAR. Functional analogs of SA, such as 2,6-dichloroisonicotinic acid (INA) or benzo[1,2,3] thiadiazole-7-carbothionic acid S-methyl ester (BTH or acibenzolar-Smethyl), were developed which activate the resistance mechanisms downstream of SA (16,26,35,40,57). Since the observations of Chester, little attention was given to the role of induced resistance in general, and of amino acids in particular, in plant defense (29). Kuc et al. were the first to notice in 1957 (31) and 1959 (30) that Dphenylalanine, D-alanine, and DL-tryptophan injected into apple leaves increased resistance against scab without affecting the causal pathogen in vitro. As early as 1958, Van Andel (60) examined 50 amino acids for inducing resistance against Cladosporium cucumerinum in cucumber and found only D-serine, D-threonine, and L-threo-β-phenylserine highly active in vivo but not in vitro. Interestingly, she found no activity with DL-α-aminobutyric (AABA), DL-β-aminobutyric (BABA), γaminobutyric (GABA), or their iso isomers (60). In 1960, Oort and Van Andel first noted induced resistance to tomato late blight following BABA treatment (39). In 1963, two groups reported on the activity of aminobutrates. MacLennan et al. (34) showed that D-AABA and AIB (2-aminoisobutyric acid) were active in apple leaves against scab (but not L-AABA, BABA, or isoBABA). Papavizas and Davey (45) reported on the partial activity of AABA and high activity of BABA against Aphanomyces euteiches causing root rot in peas. They also showed high SAR activity with longer, straight-chain aminobutyrates such as DL-α-aminovaleric (DL-norvaline, five carbons) and DL-α-aminocaprylic acid (eight carbons). Harnack and Schwarz (19) showed that N-substituted glycine derivatives (especially ethyl and butyl) were systemically effective against Phytophthora infestans in tomato and Septoria apii in celery without being active in vitro. The interest in amino acid–mediated induced resistance was renewed about 30 years later when we discovered a strong activity of BABA against disease in potato (10), tomato (6), and tobacco (5), and revealed some of the defense mechanisms it activates in tomato (13) and tobacco (5). In recent years, substantial evidence has been accumulated, especially in Arabidopsis mutants, showing that BABA possesses a large spectrum of activity (7,22,41), as well as multiple forms of plant activation against disease (41,55,66,67).

263 citations

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: It is shown that for networks with 3
Abstract: We study the behavior of scale-free networks, having connectivity distribution P(k);k 2l , close to the percolation threshold. We show that for networks with 3,l,4, known to undergo a transition at a finite threshold of dilution, the critical exponents are different than the expected mean-field values of regular percolation in infinite dimensions. Networks with 2,l,3 possess only a percolative phase. Nevertheless, we show that in this case percolation critical exponents are well defined, near the limit of extreme dilution ~where all sites are removed!, and that also then the exponents bear a strong l dependence. The regular mean-field values are recovered only for l.4.

263 citations

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: Some of the technologies are described, which are collectively refer to as Rep‐Seq (repertoire sequencing), to portray achievements in the field and to present the essential and inseparable role of next‐generation sequencing to the understanding of entities in immune response.
Abstract: Recent scientific discoveries fuelled by the application of next-generation DNA and RNA sequencing technologies highlight the striking impact of these platforms in characterizing multiple aspects in genomics research. This technology has been used in the study of the B-cell and T-cell receptor repertoire. The novelty of immunosequencing comes from the recent rapid development of techniques and the exponential reduction in cost of sequencing. Here, we describe some of the technologies, which we collectively refer to as Rep-Seq (repertoire sequencing), to portray achievements in the field and to present the essential and inseparable role of next-generation sequencing to the understanding of entities in immune response. The large Rep-Seq data sets that should be available in the near future call for new computational algorithms to segue the transition from 'classic' molecular-based analysis to system-wide analysis. The combination of new algorithms with high-throughput data will form the basis for possible new clinical implications in personalized medicine and deeper understanding of immune behaviour and immune response.

263 citations


Authors

Showing all 13037 results

NameH-indexPapersCitations
H. Eugene Stanley1541190122321
Albert-László Barabási152438200119
Shlomo Havlin131101383347
Stuart A. Aaronson12965769633
Britton Chance128111276591
Mark A. Ratner12796868132
Doron Aurbach12679769313
Jun Yu121117481186
Richard J. Wurtman11493353290
Amir Lerman11187751969
Zhu Han109140748725
Moussa B.H. Youdim10757442538
Juan Bisquert10745046267
Rachel Yehuda10646136726
Michael F. Green10648545707
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Performance
Metrics
No. of papers from the Institution in previous years
YearPapers
2023117
2022330
20212,286
20202,157
20191,920
20181,768