Bar-Ilan University

About: Bar-Ilan University is a education organization based out in Ramat Gan, Israel. It is known for research contribution in the topics: Population & Poison control. The organization has 12835 authors who have published 34964 publications receiving 995648 citations. The organization is also known as: Bar Ilan University & BIU.

Magnesium transport and function in plants: the tip of the iceberg.

Abstract: The maintenance of Mg2+ homeostasis in the plant is essential for viability. This review describes Mg2+ functions and balancing in plants, with special focus on the existing knowledge of the involved transport mechanisms. Mg2+ is essential for the function of many cellular enzymes and for the aggregation of ribosomes. Mg2+ concentrations also modulate ionic currents across the chloroplast and the vacuolar membranes, and might thus regulate ion balance in the cell and stomatal opening. The significance of Mg2+ homeostasis has been particularly established with regard to Mg2+'s role in photosynthesis. Mg2+ is the central atom of the chlorophyll molecule, and fluctuations in its levels in the chloroplast regulate the activity of key photosynthetic enzymes. Relatively little is known of the proteins mediating Mg2+ uptake and transport in plants. The plant vacuole seem to play a key role in Mg2+ homeostasis in plant cells. Physiological and molecular evidence indicate that Mg2+ entry to the vacuole is mediated by Mg2+/H+ exchangers. The Arabidopsis vacuolar Mg2+/H+ exchanger, AtMHX, is highly transcribed at the vascular tissue, apparently most abundantly at the xylem parenchyma. Inclusion of Mg2+ ions into the vacuoles of this tissue may determine their partitioning between the various plant organs. Impacts of Mg2+ imbalance are described with respect for both plant physiology and for its nutritional value to animal and human.

Microwave‐Assisted Synthesis of Nanocrystalline MgO and Its Use as a Bacteriocide

Abstract: Nanocrystalline particles of MgO were synthesized using microwave radiation in an ethylene glycol solution. The antibacterial activities of the MgO nanoparticles were tested by treating Escherichia coli (Gram negative) and Staphylococcus aureus (Gram positive) cultures with 1 mg mL–1 of the nanoparticles. We have examined the importance of the size effect, pH, and the form of the active MgO species as a bactericidal agent. A clear size dependence of the nanoparticles is observed where the amount of eradicated bacteria was strongly dependent on the particle size.

Market Microstructure and Securities Values: Evidence from the Tel Aviv Stock Exchange

Abstract: This paper examines the value effects of improvements in the trading mechanism. Stocks on the Tel Aviv Stock Exchange were transferred gradually from a daily call auction to a mechanism where the call auction was followed by iterated continuous trading sessions. This event was associated with a positive and permanent price appreciation. The cumulative average market-adjusted return over a period that started five days prior to the announcement and ended 30 days after the stocks started trading by the new method was approximately 5.5%. In addition, we find positive liquidity externalities (spillovers) across related stocks, and improvements in the value discovery process due to the improved trading method. Finally, there was a positive association between liquidity gains and price appreciation. Our results suggest that improvements in market microstructure are valuable.

"On the Internet no one knows I'm an introvert": extroversion, neuroticism, and Internet interaction.

Abstract: Social communication is one of the most common reasons for using the Internet. This paper examines how the personality characteristics of the user affect the meaning and importance of Internet social interaction in comparison with "real life," face-to-face interactions. Forty subjects all of whom were familiar with using "chat" participated in this study. After a "chat" session, they were instructed to answer several questionnaires. It was found that introverted and neurotic people locate their "real me" on the Internet, while extroverts and non-neurotic people locate their "real me" through traditional social interaction. The implications of our results for understanding the user-net interaction, the "real-me" location, extroversion, neuroticism, and Internet interaction, and the treatment of social phobics are examined.

The Study of Surface Phenomena Related to Electrochemical Lithium Intercalation into Li x MO y Host Materials (M = Ni, Mn)

Abstract: The authors report herein on the comparative study of LiNiO{sub 2} and LiMn{sub 2}O{sub 4} electrodes in three salt solutions, namely, LiAsF{sub 6}, LiPF{sub 6}, and LiC(SO{sub 2}CF{sub 3}){sub 3} in a mixture of the commonly used ethylene and dimethyl carbonates. The surface chemistry of the electrodes in these solutions was studied by surface-sensitive Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy, and energy-dispersive X-ray analysis, and their electrochemical behavior was studied by variable-scan-rate voltammetry and impedance spectroscopy. It was found that the electrochemical behavior of these electrodes is strongly dependent on their surface chemistry. Complicated reactions between the active mass and solution components, which include the solvents, the salt anions, and unavoidable contaminants such as HF and perhaps, HSO{sub 3}CF{sub 3}, lead to the precipitation of surface films through which the Li ion has to migrate in order to reach the active mass. The impedance spectroscopy of these electrodes clearly reflects their surface chemistry. It demonstrates the serial nature of the Li insertion-deinsertion processes, which includes, in addition to solid-state diffusion and accumulation, Li-ion migration through surface films and their charge transfer across the surface film/active mass interface, which strongly depends on the chemical composition of the surface films andmore » hence, the solution chosen. LiNiO{sub 2} is considerably more reactive with these solutions than LiMn{sub 2}O{sub 4}, probably due to its stronger nucleophilic nature. In addition, in LiPF{sub 6} solutions, the electrodes' impedance is higher due to precipitation of films comprising LiF, which is highly relative to Li ion transport (probably produced by reactions of the Li{sub x}Mo{sub y} active mass with trace HF).« less