Bar-Ilan University

About: Bar-Ilan University is a education organization based out in Ramat Gan, Israel. It is known for research contribution in the topics: Population & Poison control. The organization has 12835 authors who have published 34964 publications receiving 995648 citations. The organization is also known as: Bar Ilan University & BIU.

Light Harvesting and Utilization by Phytoplankton

Abstract: Application d'un modele theorique a l'analyse des relations photosynthese-irradiance chez 3 especes marines phytoplanctoniques

Light-shade adaptation of Stylophora pistillata, a hermatypic coral from the Gulf of Eilat

Abstract: All reef-forming, or hermatypic, corals harbour photosynthetic endosymbiotic algae called zooxanthellae1–5, which are assumed to be predominantly a single dinoflagellate species, Gymnodinium microadriaticum Freudenthal6. The zooxan-thellae are essential for the well-being of their hosts7–9; nevertheless, little is known about how light affects the symbiotic association, especially regarding the numbers of zooxanthellae, their photosynthetic responses, and their overall productivity10–14. On the reefs of the Gulf of Eilat, Stylophora pistillata is an abundant hermatypic coral15; it is unique in that region in that it can adapt to a wide range of light intensities. In the high light intensities of lagoons or the upper areas of reefs, the corals are markedly lighter in colour than those living under ledges, in grottos, or near the reef floor (∼ 15 m; Fig. 1). We report here on the biochemical and physiological adaptations of S. pistillata to variations in light intensity spanning more than two orders of magnitude.

A New Approach to Practical Active-Secure Two-Party Computation

Abstract: We propose a new approach to practical two-party computation secure against an active adversary. All prior practical protocols were based on Yao's garbled circuits. We use an OT-based approach and get efficiency via OT extension in the random oracle model. To get a practical protocol we introduce a number of novel techniques for relating the outputs and inputs of OTs in a larger construction. We also report on an implementation of this approach, that shows that our protocol is more efficient than any previous one: For big enough circuits, we can evaluate more than 20000 Boolean gates per second. As an example, evaluating one oblivious AES encryption $$\sim 34000$$ gates takes 64i¾?seconds, but when repeating the task 27i¾?times it only takes less than 3i¾?seconds per instance.

Observation of Gravitational Waves from Two Neutron Star–Black Hole Coalescences

Abstract: We report the observation of gravitational waves from two compact binary coalescences in LIGO’s and Virgo’s third observing run with properties consistent with neutron star–black hole (NSBH) binaries. The two events are named GW200105_162426 and GW200115_042309, abbreviated as GW200105 and GW200115; the first was observed by LIGO Livingston and Virgo and the second by all three LIGO–Virgo detectors. The source of GW200105 has component masses 8.9−1.5+1.2 and 1.9−0.2+0.3M⊙ , whereas the source of GW200115 has component masses 5.7−2.1+1.8 and 1.5−0.3+0.7M⊙ (all measurements quoted at the 90% credible level). The probability that the secondary’s mass is below the maximal mass of a neutron star is 89%–96% and 87%–98%, respectively, for GW200105 and GW200115, with the ranges arising from different astrophysical assumptions. The source luminosity distances are 280−110+110 and 300−100+150Mpc , respectively. The magnitude of the primary spin of GW200105 is less than 0.23 at the 90% credible level, and its orientation is unconstrained. For GW200115, the primary spin has a negative spin projection onto the orbital angular momentum at 88% probability. We are unable to constrain the spin or tidal deformation of the secondary component for either event. We infer an NSBH merger rate density of 45−33+75Gpc−3yr−1 when assuming that GW200105 and GW200115 are representative of the NSBH population or 130−69+112Gpc−3yr−1 under the assumption of a broader distribution of component masses.

Attachment theory and reactions to others' needs:' evidence that activation of the sense of attachment security promotes empathic responses.

Abstract: Five studies examined the effects of chronic and contextual activation of attachment security on reactions to others' needs. The sense of attachment security was contextually primed by asking participants to recollect personal memories, read a story, or look at a picture of supportive others or by subliminally exposing them to proximity-related words. This condition was compared against the priming of neutral themes, positive affect, or attachment-insecurity schemas. Then reports of empathy and personal distress or the accessibility of empathy and personal-distress memories were assessed. Attachment-security priming strengthened empathic reactions and inhibited personal distress. Self-reports of attachment anxiety and avoidance were inversely related to empathy, and attachment anxiety was positively related to personal distress. The discussion emphasizes the relevance of attachment theory for explaining reactions to others' needs.