Showing papers by "Bareilly College published in 2011"

In Vitro Anti-oxidant Effect of Vitamin E on Oxidative Stress Induced due to Pesticides in Rat Erythrocytes

Abstract: An attempt was made to study the antioxidant property of vitamin E in endosulfan and chlorpyrifos toxicity. Erythrocytes were collected from healthy rats and exposed to 1 ppm endosulfan and chlorpyrifos pesticides individually and also along with vitamin E treatment. Results showed that endosulfan was more toxic in comparison of chlorpyrifos. Activities of superoxide dismutase and catalase were significantly decreased, while lipid peroxidation and glutathione-S-transfarase were increased in comparison to the control values. The results of the present study suggest that vitamin E acts as an effective antioxidant for endosulfan and chlorpyrifos pesticide toxicity, in reducing oxidative stress burden.

Role of break-up processes in the fusion of the 12 C+ 52 Cr system

Abstract: We present the results and analysis of our investigation of the role of break-up processes on the fusion of a {sup 12}C{sup 6+} beam with a {sup 52}Cr target near, at, and above the Coulomb barrier. In this experiment the excitation functions of evaporation residues produced via ({sup 12}C, 2n), ({sup 12}C, pxn), ({sup 12}C, {alpha}xn), and ({sup 12}C, {alpha}pxn) channels in a {sup 12}C + {sup 52}Cr reaction were measured at several beam energies ranging from {approx_equal}51 to 87 MeV by employing the recoil catcher technique followed by off-line {gamma}-ray spectrometry. The measured excitation functions were compared with theoretical values obtained using the pace4 statistical model code. Further, for a ({sup 12}C, p2n) channel the measured excitation function was compared with the predictions of the alice-91 code, which was chosen as it takes into account pre-equilibrium emissions. For non-{alpha}-emitting channels, the experimentally measured excitation functions--after correcting them for possible contributions from higher charge isobaric precursor decays--were, in general, found to be in good agreement with theoretical predictions. However, for {alpha}-emitting channels, the measured excitation functions had significantly more production cross sections than what pace4 predicted. This enhancement may be attributed to incomplete fusion processes. An attempt was made tomore » estimate the incomplete fusion fraction in order to compare the relative importance of complete and incomplete fusion processes. The incomplete fusion fraction was found to be sensitive to the projectile energy and mass asymmetry of the entrance channel. We also discuss the results in terms of the impact of the frozen {alpha}-cluster structure of the {sup 12}C isotope on various fusion reactions.« less

Distribution pattern of apicomplexan parasites (Sporozoa: Haemosporida) in Columba livia, Gmelin.

Abstract: During 39 months of sampling, the prevalence of apicomplexan parasites (Haemoproteus and Plasmodium) was studied in Columba livia Gmelin of Rohilkhand region, UP, India, according to the sex of the host, different seasons and host localities. Out of 266 pigeons sampled, 148 pigeons were positive for Haemoproteus at a prevalence of 55.63%. Only 18 pigeons (2.67%) had a dual Haemoproteus and Plasmodium infection and 130 pigeons (48.87%) had Haemoproteus infection. No pigeons were positive for Plasmodium alone. Parasite incidence in relation to the sex of the host indicated a higher infestation in females (62.79%) as compared to males (57.65%). The overall highest infectivity of parasites was recorded during the summer season (82.85%) followed by spring season (59.37%) and least in the winter season (42.30%). It was also observed that Haemoproteus occurred at diverse infectivity in C. livia from different localities (Badaun 51.35%, Bareilly 57.14%, and Shajahanpur 58.06%) whereas Plasmodium was recorded at 11.18% only from Bareilly. The intensity of the parasite was highest (2.77/100 RBC) at Shahjahanpur.

New records of Haemoproteus and Plasmodium (Sporozoa: Haemosporida) of rock pigeon (Columba livia) in India

Abstract: The prevalence, intensity and morpho-variants of new species of haemosporida (Haemoproteus and Plasmodium) from the rock pigeon, Columba livia are described and illustrated for the first time from Uttar Pradesh state of India. Thin blood smears from 266 C. livia indicated 55.63% (Haemoproteus) and 6.76% (Plasmodium) prevalence and 1–6 pars/100 RBC’s (Haemoproteus) and 1–2 pars/100 RBC’s (Plasmodium) intensity of infection. The fully grown intracellular gametocytes of Haemoproteus were differentiated into microgametocyte (14.0 × 4.3 μm) and macrogametocyte (13.9 × 4.7 μm). Extracorpuscular gametocyte (15.0–17.8 μm in length, 3.9–7.3 μm in width) were occasionally visible. Nuclear displacement ratio was 0.2. Plasmodium species was characterized by rounded schizonts and elongated microgametocyte (7.8 × 7.6 μm) and macrogametocyte (7.8 × 7.7 μm) with irregular margins. Cells containing schizonts are often rounded and enlarged and those parasitized by gametocytes may be somewhat distorted in shape by lateral hypertrophy. Host cell nuclei are also displaced. Double gametocyte infection of Haemoproteus occasionally present but that of Plasmodium lacking.

Modeling of novel HIV-1 protease inhibitors incorporating N-Aryl-oxazolidinone-5-carboxamides as P2 ligands using quantum chemical and topological finger print descriptors

Abstract: This article presents two QSAR studies on the novel series of HIV-1 protease inhibitors incorporating N-phenyloxazolidinone-5-carboxamides into the (hydroxyethylamino) sulfonamide scaffold as P2 ligands. All the statistical calculations have been done using PRECLAV software. A heuristic algorithm selects the best multiple linear regression (MLR) equation according to the highest leave-one-out cross-validation correlation coefficient. In the first QSAR study, only the Quantum Chemical descriptors have been used. The correlation between the observed values and the calculated values of activity is good (r 2 = 0.935, Se = 0.3782, r 2cv = 0.900, F = 76.6568). The second QSAR study has used both quantum chemical descriptors and topological finger print descriptors. The correlation between the observed values and the calculated values of activity is very good (r 2 = 0.9638, Se = 0.2823, r 2cv = 0.9492, F = 141.8338). The virtual molecular fragments that lead to a significant increase of the inhibitor activity are CH3 and CH. The virtual fragments C4H3S and C6H2 lead to significant decreases in the inhibitory activity. The results are critically discussed using Ridge statistics.

REACTION MECHANISMS IN 12 C+ 93 Nb SYSTEM: EXCITATION FUNCTIONS AND RECOIL RANGE DISTRIBUTIONS BELOW 7 MeV/u

Abstract: The experiments were performed to study excitation functions (EFs) of evaporation residues (ERs), i.e. 103,102,101Ag, 101,100,99Pd, 101,100Rh, 97Ru, 96Tc, 95Tc, 94Tc, 93Mom, 92Nbm populated in the reactions induced by 12C on 93Nb for exploring the reaction dynamics involved at energies ≈ 47–75 MeV. The activation technique followed by offline γ-ray spectrometry has been employed to measure EFs. These measurements were simulated with other reported values available in literature as well as with theoretical predictions based on computer code PACE-2. The effect of variation of level density parameter involved in this code has also been studied. An excellent agreement was found between theoretical and experimental values in some of the fusion evaporation channels. However, significant enhancement of cross-section as observed in α-emission channels may be due to incomplete fusion (ICF) process and/or direct reaction process. To confirm the aforesaid reaction mechanism, Recoil Range Distributions (RRDs) of various ERs have been measured at ≈ 80 MeV. Moreover, an attempt is made to separate the percentage relative contributions of complete and incomplete fusion components from the analysis of the measured RRDs data. Further, the relative percentage ICF fraction, also estimated from EFs data, was found to be sensitive with the projectile energy.

Investigation of the influence of incomplete fusion on complete fusion of 12C-induced reactions at ≈ 4–7.2 MeV/nucleon

Abstract: In this paper, we present the results of our investigation of reaction dynamics leading to incomplete fusion of heavy ions at moderate excitation energies, especially the influence of incomplete fusion on complete fusion of 12C -induced reactions at specific energies ≈ 4–7.2M eV/nucleon. Excitation functions of various reaction products populated via complete and/or incomplete fusions of a 12C projectile with 93Nb, 59Co and 52Cr targets were measured at several specific energies ≈ 4–7.2 MeV/nucleon, using a recoil catcher technique, followed by off-line γ-ray spectrometry. The measured excitation functions were compared with theoretical values obtained using the PACE4 statistical model code. For representative non-α-emitting channels in the 12C + 93Nb system, the experimentally measured excitation functions were, in general, found to be in good agreement with the theoretical predictions. However, for α-emitting channels in the 12C + 93Nb, 12C + 59Co, and 12C + 52Cr systems, the measured excitation functions were higher than the predictions of the theoretical model code, which may be credited to incomplete fusion reactions at these energies. An attempt was made to estimate the incomplete fusion fraction for the present systems, which revealed that the fraction was sensitive to the projectile energy and mass asymmetry of the entrance channel.

Effect of thermal annealing on the formation of silicon nanoclusters in SiOx films grown by PLD

Abstract: Silicon nanoclusters formation in pulsed laser deposited (PLD) silicon suboxide (SiO X ) films by thermal annealing is reported. The SiO X films are prepared by ablation of silicon target at different oxygen partial pressures. The different deposition conditions are employed to study the effect of oxygen concentration on the size of the nanoclusters. Post deposition thermal annealing of the films leads to the phase separation in silicon suboxide films. Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, micro-Raman spectroscopy and UV–vis absorption spectroscopy studies were carried out to characterize the formation of silicon nanoclusters in SiO X films.

Ion beam induced formation of nanocrystalline silicon in pulsed laser deposited SiOX thin films

Abstract: Synthesis and structural studies of nanocrystalline silicon grown in pulsed laser deposited SiO X films is reported. The effect of high energy heavy ion beam irradiation on these films is studied using 100 MeV Ag ions. The structural studies were carried out using micro Raman spectroscopy, GAXRD, FTIR, TEM, HRTEM, SAED and EDX. The occurrence of phase separation in non-stoichiometric silicon oxide by means of ion beam irradiation leading to the formation of silicon nanocrystals in the films is confirmed by the results. HRTEM results reveal the structure of silicon phase formed after ion beam treatment and the particle size can be controlled up to 2–3 nm. A detailed analysis by micro Raman and HRTEM studies suggest the presence of crystallite size distribution. The results of GAXRD and SAED confirm the formation of cubic phase of silicon with two different lattice parameters. The studies conclude that the size of the nanocrystals can be controlled by varying deposition and ion irradiation parameters.

Application of multivariate statistical techniques for water quality characterization of Sarda Sagar Reservoir, India

Abstract: Multivariate statistical techniques were applied to water quality dataset collected from Sarda Sagar Reservoir. The results revealed the usefulness of multivariate techniques for evaluation of input water sources and interpretation of large complex water quality dataset for effective management of water resources. The largest source of variation (25%) is contributed from physical water quality parameters. Additional inputs come from the second factor accounting for about 15%. The third factor, accounting for 14% is associated with wastewater discharges and the fourth factor accounting for 12%. Finally, it suggests that a fraction of wastewater discharge is the only primary source of variations in this reservoir and there is no major threat of pollution. Cluster analysis showed that number of sampling sites as well as the sampling frequency could be consolidated.