Bethlehem Steel

About: Bethlehem Steel is a based out in . It is known for research contribution in the topics: Coating & Corrosion. The organization has 1529 authors who have published 1559 publications receiving 19098 citations. The organization is also known as: Bethlehem Steel Corporation.

Microcracking sensitivity in Fe-C plate martensite

Abstract: Metallographic analysis was used to study the effect of carbon content, grain size, quench rate, and retained austenite on microcracking in Fe-C martensites. It was found that microcracking is directly related to an increase in the carbon content of the martensite and that there exists a carbon content which corresponds to both the onset of microcracking and the formation of plate martensite. Retained austenite indirectly affects microcracking in that more complete transformation yields more martensite and consequently more microcracking. Grain size changes from 100 to 1200 μ, introduced by varying the austenitizing temperature from 1800° to 2400°F and varying the time at 2000°F for 15 hr, did not affect microcracking or the amount of retained austenite. Finally, the investigation emphasizes that microcracking is a manifestation of the impingement of martensite plates and is not a function of the stress state introduced by the quenching medium.

Eight-Year Atmospheric Corrosion Performance of Weathering Steel in Industrial, Rural, and Marine Environments

Abstract: Weathering steel (ASTM A588, Grade B) and steels with 0.021 and 0.21 percent copper were tested for corrosion resistance in marine, rural, and two industrial environments. The results of these tests are represented well by kinetic equations of the form C = At B , where C is the corrosion loss, t is time, and A and B are constants. On the basis of the time required to achieve a 250-μm (0.01 in.) thickness loss that is calculated using these equations, the weathering steel is 6 to 19 times more durable than the 0.021 percent copper steel and 2 to 10 times more durable than the 0.21 percent copper steel.

Method of making sealed wire rope

Abstract: A corrosion resistant rope in which the individual strands are sealed with a plastic foam impregnant and surrounded with a dense unfoamed plastic material is made by applying a foamable plastic to the individual wires of a series of wire strands, or, alternatively, to the individual strands as a whole, and closing the strands into a rope in a closing die while passing a nonfoamable plastic material into the closing die. Sealed plastic foam impregnated wire strands can be made in the same manner by passing nonfoamable plastic material into the stranding die during fabrication of the strand.

The boron hardenability effect in thermomechanically processed, direct-quenched 0.2 Pct C steels

Abstract: The segregation and precipitation of boron have been studied in thermomechanically processed 0.2C-0.6Mn-0.5Mo steels containing nominally 0, 10, 20, 50, and 100 ppm B. These steels were hot-rolled in the laboratory (in simulation of production multipass rolling), and their transformation behavior during subsequent water quenching was examined for different finish-rolling temperatures (980 °C and 870 °C) and quenching temperatures (730 °C to 950 °C). The results showed that in general, a “free” boron content of 10 to 20 ppm (which is similar to the levels used for conventional quenched-and-tempered steels) will provide a boron hardenability increment similar to that for conventional quenched-and-tempered steels. The delay time prior to quenching (over the range of 10 to 100 seconds) did not have a significant effect on hardenability except in the steels containing 50 or more ppm B. In these higher B steels, precipitation of borocarbides occurred along austenite grain boundaries with a resultant decrease in hardenability.

Structure of Rust on Weathering Steel in Rural and Industrial Environments

Abstract: Rust on weathering steels exposed for up to 11 y in industrial and rural environments exhibited a spotty, nonuniform appearance as a result of contrast between light and dark areas on the surface. The area of the lighter regions increased with exposure time, as well as with increasing alloy content. Microscopic examination of cross sections revealed the dark regions had a porous appearance. The lighter regions were similar except for the presence of a relatively thin, smooth outer-surface layer. Raman spectroscopy indicated the dark, porous rust was comprised of goethite and lepidocrocite, while the smooth outer layer on the light areas was composed of hematite (α-Fe2O3) and magnetite (Fe3O4). Electrochemical potential measurements indicated the lighter areas were more passive. Results suggested formation of the thin outer layer of α-Fe2O3 and Fe3O4 is an important part of the mechanism of protective rust formation on weathering steels in the environments studied.