Bethlehem Steel

About: Bethlehem Steel is a based out in . It is known for research contribution in the topics: Coating & Corrosion. The organization has 1529 authors who have published 1559 publications receiving 19098 citations. The organization is also known as: Bethlehem Steel Corporation.

Method for wiping hot dip metallic coatings

Abstract: The occurrence of defects on wire coated with an aluminum-zinc alloy coating applied by hot dipping in a molten coating bath is substantially decreased by preventing the deposition of zinc powder particles upon the surface of the molten aluminum-zinc coating prior to solidification of the coating. The deposition of metallic zinc powder particles upon the molten aluminum-zinc coating may be alleviated in several different manners, including preventing the formation of the zinc powder, preventing the accumulation of the zinc powder upon the surface of the molten aluminum-zinc bath, decomposing the zinc powder before it accumulates and exhausting or removing the zinc powder from the vicinity of the molten metal coated wire as it leaves the molten bath. Several novel apparatus arrangements for accomplishing the above are disclosed.

Apparatus for use in fabricating tunnel lining segments

Abstract: This invention relates to apparatus for manufacturing tunnel lining segments of structural steel and is more particularly adapted to the manner of assembling and holding the parts of which the tunnel segments are formed to facilitate welding of the same together to produce a single unit such...

Wide-range radiation gage for determining a material property

Abstract: Photon radiation from a high energy nuclear source is beamed through a test material to gage a material property such as hot steel plate thickness which may be subject to temperature variation during gaging and grade variations from plate-to-plate. Emerging radiation strikes a scintillation detector having a self-balancing measuring loop, the latter consisting of a photodetector having a controlled-gain photomultiplier (PM) tube optically coupled to a scintillator and serially connected with a comparator-integrator which developes an error voltage and a variable dynode voltage source for the PM tube which is controlled by the error voltage. Gage operation is based on the phenomena of a nonlinear PM tube gain characteristic being inverse and nearly equal to a nonlinear radiation absorption characteristic of the test material. Thus, when emerging radiation varies in relation to the material property, it causes the error voltage to vary the dynode voltage which in turn controls tube gain in a manner to maintain anode current constant over a single wide range of material property gaging, even during radiation source decay and PM tube drift. Consequently, the dynode voltage varies slightly nonlinearly as a function of the test material property being gaged. The dynode voltage is also fed to a manual zero and attenuation comparator and then to a stepless linearizer for correcting the slight nonlinearity of a fraction of the dynode voltage. A compensator, operating under control of a data source and a pyrometer, modifies the linearized gaging signal to correct for effects thereon caused by material grade and temperature variations. The linearized and compensated gaging signal is fed through one input of a differential output amplifier to a digital gaging indicator, as well as to a gaging deviation profile meter, thereby providing readings corrected to what the material will gage when cooled to a room temperature. An automatic zero circuit, which consists of a switched integrator controlled by a test material detector, operates on the other input of the differential output amplifier to maintain the output of said amplifier at zero when there is no test material being gaged. Additional circuits provided in the gage enable profiling of the test material as well as calibrating the gage both mechanically and electrically.

Apparatus and method for adaptive control of a rolling mill

Abstract: The method of controlling a velocity dependent factor of strip material being processed in a mill includes the steps of simultaneously determining the apparent velocity of material prior to, between and subsequent to spaced apart work rolls. Input slip is determined by comparing the apparent input velocity with the apparent work roll velocity, and output slip is determined by comparing the apparent output velocity with the apparent work roll velocity. A velocity dependent factor is calculated in response to a comparison of input slip and output slip. The calculated factor is compared with a previously calculated factor and a derived factor is calculated when the calculated factor exceeds the previously calculated factor by more than the selected amount and an adaptive factor used to calculate the derived factor is calculated when the calculated factor does not exceed the previously calculated factor by the selected amount. A selected number of the calculated and/or derived factors are averaged and the divergence between the averaged factor and a target factor is used to adjust the spacing between the work rolls.