Bethlehem Steel

About: Bethlehem Steel is a based out in . It is known for research contribution in the topics: Coating & Corrosion. The organization has 1529 authors who have published 1559 publications receiving 19098 citations. The organization is also known as: Bethlehem Steel Corporation.

Reel of alternately rotated parallel-wire strand and method of making

Abstract: A parallel wire strand is made, preferably with the casts of the individual wires matched against each other in opposed relationship to form a ''''balanced'''' strand, and subsequently reeled upon a reel by rotating or allowing the parallel-wire strand to rotate from side to side about its longitudinal axis as it is reeled to provide a conveniently transportable reel of parallel-wire strand with the strand coiled upon the reel with periodic, alternate clockwise and counterclockwise rotation about the longitudinal axis of the strand.

Apparatus for controlling molten metal flow in a tundish to enhance inclusion float out from a molten metal bath

Abstract: Flow control apparatus for enhancing inclusion float out in a continuous caster tundish comprising a dam positioned downstream from an impact pad and an energy source positioned between the dam and the exit nozzle of the tundish. The dam receives an incoming flood of molten metal released from the impact pad and redirects the flood of molten metal into multiple sub-flow currents which carry entrained inclusions toward a slag cover on the surface of the molten metal bath to enhance inclusion float out. The energy source provides means to restore kinetic energy to the sub-flow currents and increase the number of passes below the slag cover, thereby further enhancing inclusion float out.

Biaxially oriented thermoplastic polymer film and method of manufacture

Abstract: A BIAXIALLY ORIENTED THERMOPLASTIC POLYMER FILM AND METHOD OF MANUFACTURE Abstract of the Disclosure The invention is directed to biaxially oriented thermoplastic polymer flexible film having a substantially uniform thickness between about .005 and .030 of an inch (.13 mm and .76 mm) and characterized by a structure comprised of discrete, platelet-like spherulitic crystalline aggregates compressed transversely to the plane of the film and biaxially oriented in the plane of the film and having a combination of improved properties and also to a rigid conduit or extrudate having a plurality of thermoplastic crystalline polymer layers each of which has e a unique microstructure and improved properties. The film is produced by solid state hydrostatic extrusion of a generally cylindrical preform comprised of a plurality of concentric tubular-like discrete layers of polymers through an extrusion zone having converging walls and a diverging geometry, wherein the discrete layers in the preform are substantially simultaneously circumferentially expanded and axially elongated by compressive forces to produce an oriented polymer rigid tubular extrudate com-prised of a plurality of concentric tubular-like layers of oriented polymer. The tubular extrudate or preform is slit longitudinally so that the discrete layers of the extrudate can be separated into individual films.

Unstable Flow in Martensite and Ferrite

Abstract: It is proposed that unstable plastic flow of iron alloys containing carbon or nitrogen occurs when (∂ lnν/∂τ*)T becomes negative (v is the average velocity of the dislocations andτ* the effective stress acting upon them) at the maximum in the force-velocity curve deduced from either the Snoek or the Cottrell steady-state drag model In addition, a nucleating event is necessary A model is developed which predicts relationships between the applied stress, the strain rate and the temperature at the onset of unstable flow, and also the activation energy associated with the event Experiments have been carried out on iron-carbon and iron-nickel-carbon alloys covering a range of carbon concentration in solution The alloys were either annealed ferrite or martensite and, thus, the extremes of the range of possible dislocation density were examined Two distinct types of plastic instability were identified: jerky flow, the result of Snoek interaction, and serrated flow due to Cottrell drag All the qualitative and quantitative features of the phenomenon which were examined were found to be in complete accord with the model The average velocity of the dislocations as a function of the temperature at the start of unstable flow has been deduced from the model and an estimate of the density of dislocations moving at the time has been made using measured values of the critical strain rate The strain rate and temperature at which unstable flow disappears were measured as a function of the carbon concentration and the two types of substructure The data show that an explanation based on the assumption that the phenomenon involved is the same as that producing the Koster internal-friction peak is untenable An alternative suggestion, based on the relative stability of a Cottrell cloud and a carbide precipitate, is discussed briefly and qualitatively

Method of protecting ferrous strip in hot-dip processes

Abstract: A METHOD FOR COATING BATCH ANNEALED FERROUS STRIP WITH MOLTEN METAL BY A HOT-DIP PROCESS IN WHICH FLUXING IS ELIMINATED. THE STRIP IS INITIALLY COATED WITH A VERY THIN METALLIC LAYER BY ELECTROPLATING OR VAPOR DEPOSITION AND THEN, AFTER SUITABLE ACTIVATION OF THE SURFACE, PASSED THROUGH A MOLTEN METAL COATING BATH.