Showing papers by "Bharathiar University published in 2002"
TL;DR: In this paper, the adsorption of Congo Red by coir pith carbon was carried out by varying the parameters such as agitation time, dye concentration, adsorbent dose, pH and temperature.
1,357 citations
TL;DR: In this article, the antioxidant properties of 90% ethanol extracts of leaves, and 90% methanol extracts of stem bark, pulp and flowers from Indian Laburnum ( Cassia fistula L.) were investigated.
533 citations
TL;DR: Temperature of 30 degrees C and pH 7.5 were found to be optima for maximum biodegradation of Bombay High (BH) crude oil.
423 citations
TL;DR: In this article, a study was conducted for a period of 90 days during which bacterial growth, hydrocarbon degradation and growth parameters of Phaseolus aureus RoxB including seed germination, chlorophyll content, shoot and root length were measured.
254 citations
TL;DR: A survey on the use of fixed point theorems and semigroup theory to study the controllability of nonlinear systems and functional integrodifferential systems in Banach spaces is presented in this article.
Abstract: This paper presents a survey on research using fixed-point theorems and semigroup theory to study the controllability of nonlinear systems and functional integrodifferential systems in Banach spaces. Also discussed is the use of this technique in K-controllability and boundary controllability problems for nonlinear systems and integro-differential systems in abstract spaces.
193 citations
TL;DR: A total of 319 strains of aeromonas hydrophila were isolated from 536 fish and 278 prawns for a 2-year period as mentioned in this paper, and all the strains were tested for resistance to 15 antibiotics and 100% of the strains was resistant to methicillin and rifampicin followed by bacitracin and novobiocin.
164 citations
TL;DR: Activated carbon prepared from waste Parthenium was used to eliminate Ni(lI) from aqueous solution by adsorption and quantitative recovery of Ni(II) was possible with HCl, allowing suggestion of an adsorptive mechanism by ion-exchange between metal ion and H+ ions on the AC surfaces.
128 citations
TL;DR: Bacteria were the most dominant microbiota and were therefore classified to generic level and Corynebacterium was the predominant genus in all the samples and showed high percentage of lipolytic ability combined with high inorganic nitrogen utilisers.
Abstract: Microbial enumeration and identification were carried out on several oil contaminated soil samples collected from gasoline and diesel stations. Bacteria were the most dominant microbiota and were therefore classified to generic level. Eleven main genera were detected and Corynebacterium was the predominant genus in all the samples. Biochemical characterisation and substrate utilisation showed high percentage of lipolytic ability combined with high inorganic nitrogen utilisers. The ability of these cultures to degrade crude oil was tested individually and in mixed bacterial consortium at different temperatures and pH values. Maximum crude oil biodegradation of 78% was achieved using a bacterial consortium containing five cultures (Micrococcus sp. GS2-22, Corynebacterium sp. GS5-66, Flavobacterium sp. DS5-73, Bacillus sp. DS6-86 and Pseudomonas sp. DS10-129) with 1% crude oil at 30 degrees C and pH 7.5. Such a consortium may be useful for bioaugmentation of oil contaminated environments.
117 citations
TL;DR: In this paper, the products obtained by reacting ruthenium (II) complexes [RuHCl(CO)(PPh3)2(B)] [B = PPh3, pyridine (py) or piperidine (pip)] with tridentate Schiff base ligands derived by condensing salicylaldehyde or o-vanillin with o-aminophenol and o-iamothiophenol, have been characterised by analytical, i.m., electronic, 1H-n.m.
Abstract: The products obtained by reacting ruthenium (II) complexes [RuHCl(CO)(PPh3)2(B)] [B = PPh3, pyridine (py) or piperidine (pip)] with tridentate Schiff base ligands derived by condensing salicylaldehyde or o-vanillin with o-aminophenol and o-aminothiophenol, have been characterised by analytical, i.r., electronic, 1H-n.m.r. and 31P-n.m.r. spectral studies and formulated as [Ru(L)(CO)(PPh3)(B)] (L = bifunctional tridentate Schiff base anion, B = PPh3, py or pip). An octahedral structure has been tentatively proposed for the new complexes. Some have been tested for the in vitro growth inhibitory activity against bacteria Escherichia coli, Bacillus sp. and Pseudomonas sp.
107 citations
TL;DR: The paper will present the current scenarios of computer games being used for the purposes of education and training and dwell on areas in which the tremendous capabilities of computerGames as an education medium can be utilized in educating a new generation of students weaned on computer games.
Abstract: The computer gaming industry has today become bigger than the world music and movie industries. The influence of computer games over the youth of today is akin to that of the cultural influence of music, political movements and even religion on youth culture of the past. Of late, computer games have been attracting people of all kinds into using computers. They have driven the spread of computers into the lives of individuals who had earlier had no incentive to use them. Computer games are gaining unprecedented access to the homes, minds and souls of people today. Hence it has become increasingly important for game developers and educators to study the application of computers for enhancing the education offered to the next generation of students. Computer games can be used to give a better form of education and can even make computers become the unique tools of learning. The paper will present the current scenarios of computer games being used for the purposes of education and training. It will also dwell on areas in which the tremendous capabilities of computer games as an education medium can be utilized in educating a new generation of students weaned on computer games. New possibilities for computer games as tools of knowledge will also be projected.
103 citations
TL;DR: In this paper, the authors used activated carbon prepared from Eichhornia for the adsorptive removal of Pb(II) from aqueous solution and achieved an adsorption capacity of 16.61mgg−1 at pH 3.0 for particle sizes of 125−180m.
Abstract: Activated carbon prepared from Eichhornia was used for the adsorptive removal of Pb(II) from aqueous solution. As the raw material for the preparation of the activated carbon is an aquatic weed, the production of this carbon is expected to be economically feasible. Parameters such as agitation time, metal ion concentration, adsorbent dose and pH were studied. Adsorption equilibrium was reached in 100 min for a solution containing 15 mgdm−3 and 125 min for solutions containing 20 and 25 mgdm−3 Pb(II), respectively. Adsorption parameters were determined using both Langmuir and Freundlich isotherm models. The adsorption capacity was 16.61 mgg−1 at pH 3.0 for particle sizes of 125–180 µm. Pb(II) removal increased as the pH increased from 2 to 4 and remained constant up to pH 10.0. Desorption studies were also carried out with dilute hydrochloric acid to recover both carbon and Pb(II). Quantitative desorption of Pb(II) from carbon indicates that adsorption of metal ion is by ion exchange.
© 2002 Society of Chemical Industry
TL;DR: In this paper, a DC magnetron sputtering technique was used to deposit titanium dioxide films on p-silicon substrates at the ambient temperature at an oxygen partial pressure of $7 \times 10^{-5}$ mbar and sputtering pressure of$1 \times 673-873 K. The structure and composition of the films were confirmed using X-ray diffraction and Auger electron spectroscopy.
Abstract: Titanium dioxide films have been deposited using DC magnetron sputtering technique. Films were deposited onto RCA cleaned p-silicon substrates at the ambient temperature at an oxygen partial pressure of $7 \times 10^{-5}$ mbar and sputtering pressure of $1 \times 10 ^{-3}$ mbar. The deposited films were annealed in the temperature range 673-873 K. The structure and composition of the films were confirmed using X-ray diffraction and Auger electron spectroscopy. The structure of the films deposited at the ambient was found to be amorphous and the films annealed at 673 K and above were crystalline with anatase structure. The lattice constants, grain size, microstrain and the dislocation density of the film are calculated and correlated with annealing temperature.
TL;DR: VAM fungal association in the sedges was confirmed by plant- and root-trap culture techniques, and changes in the proportion of root length with VAM structures, total colonization levels and spore numbers were related to climatic and edaphic factors.
Abstract: Vesicular-arbuscular mycorrhizal (VAM) colonization and spore numbers in the rhizosphere of Cyperus iria L. and C . rotundus L., growing in a semi-arid tropical grassland, was studied during the 1993 and 1994 monsoons. In addition, climatic and chemical properties of the soils were determined in order to investigate their influence on mycorrhizal variables. VAM fungal association in the sedges was confirmed by plant- and root-trap culture techniques. The soil nutrients exhibited seasonal variations, but were highly variable between years. Intercellular hyphae and vesicles with occasional intraradical spores characterized mycorrhizal association in sedges. Dark septate fungi also colonized roots of sedges. Temporal variations in mycorrhizal colonization and spore numbers occurred, indicating seasonality. However, the patterns of mycorrhizal colonization and spore numbers were different during both the years. The VAM fungal structures observed were intercellular hyphae and vesicles. Changes in the proportion of root length with VAM structures, total colonization levels and spore numbers were related to climatic and edaphic factors. However, the intensity of influence of climatic and soil factors on VAM tended to vary with sedge species.
TL;DR: The crude enzyme preparations obtained from ethanol precipitation were found to be more effective in improving tea leaf fermentation than the purified pectinase enzymes.
TL;DR: In this paper, the effects of solvent on the geometrical parameters, relative stability and physical properties, such as dipole moment, have been studied for the conformers of glycine.
Abstract: Conformational stability and solvent effects on selected conformers of glycine under different environment, such as polar and apolar solvents have been studied using ab initio and density functional theory (DFT) methods. The molecular geometries have been optimized using HF/6-31+G ∗ method of ab initio and B3LYP/6-31+G ∗ and B3PW91/6-31+G ∗ hybrid DFT methods. The effects of solvent on the geometrical parameters, relative stability and physical properties, such as dipole moment, etc. have been studied for the conformers of glycine.
TL;DR: In this article, the larvicidal efficacy of leaf extracts of Pavonia zeylanica and Acacia ferruginea were tested against the late third instar larvae of Culex quinquefasciatus.
TL;DR: In this paper, an approximate numerical solution for the steady MHD laminar boundary-layer flow over a wall of the wedge with suction or injection in the presence of species concentration and mass diffusion has been obtained by solving the governing equations using R.K.Gill method.
TL;DR: The study supported the claim of the usefulness of the plant in respiratory tract infections and also suggests its use in diarrhoea and skin diseases caused by pathogenic bacteria.
TL;DR: The ability of waste red mud, an industrial byproduct produced during the processing of bauxite ore, to remove procion orange was investigated at different initial dye concentrations, agitation time, adsorbent dosage, and pH as mentioned in this paper.
Abstract: The ability of waste red mud, an industrial by-product produced during the processing of bauxite ore, to remove procion orange was investigated at different initial dye concentrations, agitation time, adsorbent dosage, and pH. Adsorption followed the Freundlich isotherm model. A maximum removal of 82% of the dye was observed at pH 2.0. Desorption studies showed that maximum desorption occurred at a pH of 11.
TL;DR: Hexa-coordinated ruthenium(II) complexes of the type [RuHCl(CO)(PPh3)2(Z)] with tridentate Schiff bases derived by condensing anthranilic acid with acetylacetone, salicylaldehyde, o-vanillin and o-hydroxyacetophenone were found to be effective catalysts for oxidising primary alcohols to aldehydes in the presence of N-methylmorpholine-N-oxide (NMO) as co-oxidant as discussed by the authors.
Abstract: Hexa-coordinated ruthenium(II) complexes of the type [Ru(CO)(PPh3)(Z)(L)] [Z = PPh3, pyridine (py) or piperidine (pip); L = anion of the Schiff base] have been prepared by reacting [RuHCl(CO)(PPh3)2(Z)] with tridentate Schiff bases derived by condensing anthranilic acid with acetylacetone, salicylaldehyde, o-vanillin and o-hydroxyacetophenone. The complexes were characterised by analytical and spectral (i.r., electronic, 1H- and 31P-n.m.r.) data, and were found to be effective catalysts for oxidising primary alcohols to aldehydes in the presence of N-methylmorpholine-N-oxide (NMO) as co-oxidant. The Schiff bases and their ruthenium(II) complexes show growth inhibitory activity against pathogenic fungi Aspergillus flavus, Fusarium oxysporium and Rhizoctonia solani.
TL;DR: A series of new binuclear ruthenium(II) complexes of the type {[RuHX(CO)(AsPh3)3] (X=H or Cl) with various bis(β-diketones) of the general formula [(RCO)(R′CO)CHCH(R″)CH(COR)(COR′)] as mentioned in this paper.
TL;DR: In this paper, the ion-implanted cadmium sulphide (CdS) thin films were analyzed using x-ray diffraction, optical transmittance spectra and Raman scattering.
Abstract: We have implanted vacuum evaporated cadmium sulphide (CdS) thin films with Ar+ and N+ at different doses. We have analysed the properties of the ion-implanted CdS thin films using x-ray diffraction, optical transmittance spectra and Raman scattering, and we observed the formation of Cd metallic clusters in the ion-implanted films. The bandgap of the Ar+-doped films decreased from 2.385 eV for the undoped film to 2.28 for maximum doping. For the N+-doped film the bandgap decreased from 2.385 to 2.301 eV, whereas the absorption coefficient values increased with the increase of the implantation dose. The effect of indium doping in CdS films is also given for comparison. In these films, we observed that the In atoms were doped interstitially into the CdS rather than substitutionally. Here, also, the bandgap values decreased from 2.39 to 2.30 eV with the increase in In doping concentration. On implantation of both types of ions, the Raman peak position appeared at 299 cm−1, and the full width at half maximum changed with the ion dose. The results are discussed on the basis of ion implantation induced lattice damage, which implies that ion implantation can be applied to tailor-make the properties of this important semiconductor.
TL;DR: Cowpea growth and yield were positively related to spore populations of Glomus aggregatum, G. geosporum and Scutellospora calospora, but were negatively correlated to spores of Acaulospora a scrobiculata and G. sinuosum.
Abstract: We studied spore populations of arbuscular mycorrhizal (AM) fungi, mycorrhiza formation, and the growth and yield of cowpea [Vigna unguiculata (L.) Walp] grown in soils amended with sunnhemp (Crotalaria juncea L.), pongamia [Pongamia pinnata (L.) Pierre], cow dung and sheep manure. Spore populations and colonization of cowpea roots by AM fungi were higher in soils amended with organic manure than in non-amended soils. The effects of organic amendment on cowpea growth, nutrient uptake and yield varied with the type of organic amendment. These responses to organic amendment were strongly related to changes in AM colonization levels and spore populations. Cowpea growth and yield were positively related to spore populations of Glomus aggregatum, G. geosporum and Scutellospora calospora, but were negatively correlated to spore populations of Acaulospora a scrobiculata and G. sinuosum. We suggest that changes in the growth and yield of cowpea in response to organic amendment are a result of the differential effects of the types of amendment on the proliferation of different AM fungi within the community.
TL;DR: In this paper, hexa-coordinated ruthenium(III) complexes of the type [RuX2 F(L)(EPh3)2] (X=Cl or Br; L=monobasic bidentate Schiff base ligand; E=P or As) have been synthesised by the reactions of [RuCl3(PPh3), [RuCL3(AsPh3,3], [RuBr3-(AsPh 3,3] or [RuB3(MeOH)] with the appropriate ligands such as anth
Abstract: New hexa-coordinated ruthenium(III) complexes of the type [RuX2 F(L)(EPh3)2] (X=Cl or Br; L=monobasic bidentate Schiff base ligand; E=P or As) have been synthesised by the reactions of [RuCl3(PPh3)3], [RuCl3(AsPh3)3], [RuBr3-(AsPh3)3] or [RuBr3(PPh3)2(MeOH)] with the appropriate ligands such as anthranilic acid cinnamaldehyde (Hanthcin), anthranilic acid p-tolualdehyde (Hanth-p-tol) and anthranilic acid p-anisaldehyde (Hanth-p-ans). All of these new complexes were characterised using various physico-chemical methods such as elemental analyses, spectral (IR, electronic and EPR), magnetic moment and cyclic voltammetric data. The antibacterial activities of ligands and their complexes have also been determined. An octahedral structure has been tentatively assigned to all of the new complexes.
TL;DR: In this paper, a convenient synthesis of binuclear ruthenium(II) complexes of the type {[RuCl(CO)(PPh3)(B)]2(bis-β-dk)} was accomplished by reacting [RuHCl( CO)(PP3)2(B)] with thiobis- β-diketones in benzene.
TL;DR: A synthesis of an indoloquinoline based alkaloid, isolated from Cryptolepis sanguinolenta, is reported in this paper, where the formation of a Schiff base between aniline and indole-3-carbaldehyde and subsequent photochemical transformation afforded the desired alkaloids.
TL;DR: Ab initoand density functional theory methods were used to study the tautomers of barbituric acid in the gas phase and in a polar medium and the ability of maximum hardness principle to predict the stable tautomer has been studied.
Abstract: Ab initoand density functional theory (DFT) methods were used to study the tautomers of barbituric acid in the gas phase and in a polar medium. In the gas phase, the tautomers were optimized at the HF/6-31G*, MP2/6-31G*and B3LYP/6-31G*, B3PW91/6-31G*levels of theory. The self-consistent reaction field theory (SCRF) at the HF/6-31G*level of theory has been used to optimize the tautomers in a polar medium. The relative stability of the tautomers was compared in the gaseous and polar mediums. The ability of maximum hardness principle to predict the stable tautomer has been studied. The 13C-NMR chemical shift for carbon atoms in the tautomers was calculated and the results are discussed.
TL;DR: Carbonized parthenium activated with conc.
TL;DR: Results suggested that F. lividus seems to be another candidate efficient for dechlorination of wastewater, similar to other white rot fungi isolated from the Western Ghats region of Tamil Nadu, India.
Abstract: White rot fungi Fomes lividus and Trametes versicolor, isolated from the Western Ghats region of Tamil Nadu, India, were used to treat pulp and paper industry effluents on a laboratory scale and in a pilot scale On the laboratory scale a maximum decolourization of 639% was achieved by T versicolor on the fourth day Inorganic chloride at a concentration of 765 mg/l, which corresponded to 227% of that in the untreated effluent, was liberated by F lividus on the 10th day The chemical oxygen demand (COD) was also reduced to 1984 mg/l (593%) by each of the two fungi On the pilot scale, a maximum decolourization of 68% was obtained with the 6-day incubation by T versicolor, inorganic chloride 475 mg/l (103%) was liberated on the seventh day by T versicolor, and the COD was reduced to 1984 mg/l corresponding to 5932% by F lividus These results suggested that F lividus seems to be another candidate efficient for dechlorination of wastewater
TL;DR: In this paper, Binuclear ruthenium(III) complexes containing a binucleating Schiff base ligand, L and Ph3P or Ph3As, were prepared by condensing the appropriate diamine with salicylaldehyde or benzoylacetone in a 1:2 molar ratio respectively.
Abstract: Binuclear ruthenium(III) complexes containing a binucleating Schiff base ligand, L and Ph3P or Ph3As, [RuX2(EPh3)2]2L (X = Cl or Br; E = P or As) have been prepared by reacting [RuCl3(PPh3)3], [RuCl3(AsPh3)3], [RuBr3(AsPh3)3] and [RuBr3(PPh3)2(MeOH)] with Schiff bases in a 2:1 molar ratio. The Schiff bases used in this study were prepared by condensing the appropriate diamine with salicylaldehyde or benzoylacetone in a 1:2 molar ratio respectively. The complexes were characterised by analytical, spectral (i.r., electronic, e.p.r.) and electrochemical data. An octahedral structure has been proposed for all the new ligand-bridged binuclear RuIII complexes. The new complexes have been used as catalysts in aryl–aryl couplings and also subjected to antifungal activity studies.