Bharathiar University

About: Bharathiar University is a education organization based out in Coimbatore, Tamil Nadu, India. It is known for research contribution in the topics: Thin film & Adsorption. The organization has 5812 authors who have published 8628 publications receiving 143934 citations. The organization is also known as: BU.

A review on decolourisation of dyes by photodegradation using various bismuth catalysts

Abstract: Photocatalysts are playing a major role in the treatment of industrial effluents. They find an extensive application in the decolourization of textile dyes like methyl orange (MO), methylene blue (MB), rhodamine B (RhB), azo dye (4BS). Organic pollutants like phenol, pentachlorophenol (PCP) are also decomposed in the presence of the photocatalysts under the irradiation of ultraviolet light (UV), visible light or solar light. Recently many researchers have been working for the degradation of dyes using bismuth compounds as a photocatalyst. The photocatalytic activity of the bismuth based catalysts was highly improved by modifying the crystallinity, microstructures, band gap, morphology, particle size and the surface area. In this perspective, the current review deals with the synthesis and applications of BiOX (X = Cl or Br), MBiO 2 Cl (M = Na, Pb or Cd), Bi 2 GaTaO 7 and Bi 2 MVO x (M = Ga, Y or Al) photocatalysts. The review will be helpful for scientific community to go for an optimized synthesis of bismuth compound with exceptional qualities for the environmental pollution remediation.

Evaluation of acute and sublethal effects of chloroquine (C18H26CIN3) on certain enzymological and histopathological biomarker responses of a freshwater fish Cyprinus carpio.

Abstract: In this study the toxicity of antimalarial drug chloroquine (CQ) on certain enzymological (GOT, GPT and LDH) and histopathological alterations (Gill, liver and kidney) of a freshwater fish Cyprinus carpio was studied after acute (96 h) and sublethal (35 days) exposure. The median lethal concentration (96 h) of CQ was 31.62 mg/ml. During acute treatment (CQ at 31.62 mg/ml) the treated fish groups showed a significant increase in GOT and GPT activities in blood plasma; whereas LDH activity was decreased when compare to control groups. To analyse the effects of drug at the lowest concentration, the fish were exposed to 3.16 mg/ml (1/10th of 96 h LC50 value) for 96 h. In sublethal treatment (3.16 mg/ml) GOT activity increased up to 14th day and decreased during the rest of the exposure period (21, 28 and 35th day). A biphasic response in GPT activity was observed. LDH activity was found to be increased throughout the study period (35 days) compare to control groups. The alterations in enzyme activities in blood plasma were found to be significant at p < 0.05 (DMRT). Many histopathological changes in vital organs such as gill, liver and kidney of fish were observed in CQ treated group (acute and sub-lethal) compare to normal group. The alterations in the enzymological and histopathological study in the present investigation indicate that the drug CQ has toxic effects on non-target organisms. We conclude that the alterations in enzymological parameters and histopathological changes can be used as biomarker to assess the health of the aquatic organism/environment. Further data on molecular studies are needed to define the mode of action and toxicity of these emerging pollutants.