Institution
Bielefeld University
Education•Bielefeld, Nordrhein-Westfalen, Germany•
About: Bielefeld University is a education organization based out in Bielefeld, Nordrhein-Westfalen, Germany. It is known for research contribution in the topics: Population & Quantum chromodynamics. The organization has 10123 authors who have published 26576 publications receiving 728250 citations. The organization is also known as: University of Bielefeld & UNIVERSITAET BIELEFELD.
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TL;DR: In this paper, the first few expansion coefficients are calculated by the large mass expansion for a large class of two-loop self-energy-and vertex-type diagrams with only one non-zero mass (m) and the vertices also with only 1 nonzero external momentum squared (q(2)).
188 citations
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TL;DR: In this paper, the angular two-point correlation function of temperature in the Wilkinson Microwave Anisotropy Probe (WMAP) maps was investigated and it was shown that unless there is some undiscovered systematic error in their collection or reduction, the data point towards a violation of statistical isotropy.
Abstract: We investigate the angular two-point correlation function of temperature in the Wilkinson Microwave Anisotropy Probe (WMAP) maps. Updating and extending earlier results, we confirm firm the lack of correlations outside the Galaxy on angular scales greater than about 600 at a level that would occur in 0.025 per cent of realizations of the concordance model. This represents a dramatic increase in significance from the original observations by the Cosmic Background Explorer Differential Microwave Radiometer (COBE-DMR) and a marked increase in significance from the first-year WMAP maps. Given the rest of the reported angular power spectrum C-l, the lack of large-angle correlations that one infers outside the plane of the Galaxy requires covariance among the C-l up to l = 5. Alternately, it requires both the unusually small (5 per cent of realizations) full-sky large-angle correlations and an Unusual coincidence of alignment of the Galaxy with the pattern of cosmological fluctuations (less than 2 per cent of those 5 per cent). We argue that unless there is Some undiscovered systematic error in their collection or reduction, the data point towards a violation of statistical isotropy. The near-vanishing of the large-angle correlations in the cut-sky maps, together with their disagreement with results inferred from full-sky maps, remains open problems, and are very difficult to understand within the concordance model.
188 citations
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TL;DR: The results show that SAPK4 regulates ion homeostasis and growth and development under salinity and suggest function of SAPK 4 as a regulatory factor in plant salt stress acclimation and identification of signaling elements involved in stress adaptation in plants is suggested.
Abstract: Plants respond to extracellularly perceived abiotic stresses such as low temperature, drought, and salinity by activation of complex intracellular signaling cascades that regulate acclimatory biochemical and physiological changes. Protein kinases are major signal transduction factors that have a central role in mediating acclimation to environmental changes in eukaryotic organisms. In this study, we characterized the function of the sucrose nonfermenting 1-related protein kinase2 (SnRK2) SAPK4 in the salt stress response of rice. Translational fusion of SAPK4 with the green fluorescent protein (GFP) showed subcellular localization in cytoplasm and nucleus. To examine the role of SAPK4 in salt tolerance we generated transgenic rice plants with over-expression of rice SAPK4 under control of the CaMV-35S promoter. Induced expression of SAPK4 resulted in improved germination, growth and development under salt stress both in seedlings and mature plants. In response to salt stress, the SAPK4-overexpressing rice accumulated less Na+ and Cl- and showed improved photosynthesis. SAPK4-regulated genes with functions in ion homeostasis and oxidative stress response were identified: the vacuolar H+-ATPase, the Na+/H+ antiporter NHX1, the Cl- channel OsCLC1 and a catalase. Our results show that SAPK4 regulates ion homeostasis and growth and development under salinity and suggest function of SAPK4 as a regulatory factor in plant salt stress acclimation. Identification of signaling elements involved in stress adaptation in plants presents a powerful approach to identify transcriptional activators of adaptive mechanisms to environmental changes that have the potential to improve tolerance in crop plants.
188 citations
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TL;DR: CYP20-3 is a key effector protein that links OPDA signaling to amino acid biosynthesis and cellular redox homeostasis in stress responses, and coordinates the expression of a subset of OPDA-responsive genes.
Abstract: The jasmonate family of phytohormones plays central roles in plant development and stress acclimation. However, the architecture of their signaling circuits remains largely unknown. Here we describe a jasmonate family binding protein, cyclophilin 20-3 (CYP20-3), which regulates stress-responsive cellular redox homeostasis. (+)-12-oxo-phytodienoic acid (OPDA) binding promotes CYP20-3 to form a complex with serine acetyltransferase 1, which triggers the formation of a hetero-oligomeric cysteine synthase complex with O-acetylserine(thiol)lyase B in chloroplasts. The cysteine synthase complex formation then activates sulfur assimilation that leads to increased levels of thiol metabolites and the buildup of cellular reduction potential. The enhanced redox capacity in turn coordinates the expression of a subset of OPDA-responsive genes. Thus, we conclude that CYP20-3 is a key effector protein that links OPDA signaling to amino acid biosynthesis and cellular redox homeostasis in stress responses.
188 citations
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TL;DR: In this article, the energy density of an SU(2) Yang-Mills system at finite physical temperature was calculated by Monte Carlo simulation on the lattice, showing that the conventional euclidean lattice formulation converges to the parameter free Stefan-Boltzmann limit of a free gluon gas in the continuum.
187 citations
Authors
Showing all 10375 results
Name | H-index | Papers | Citations |
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Stefan Grimme | 113 | 680 | 105087 |
Alfred Pühler | 102 | 658 | 45871 |
James Barber | 102 | 642 | 42397 |
Swagata Mukherjee | 101 | 1048 | 46234 |
Hans-Joachim Werner | 98 | 317 | 48508 |
Krzysztof Redlich | 98 | 609 | 32693 |
Graham C. Walker | 93 | 381 | 36875 |
Christian Meyer | 93 | 1081 | 38149 |
Muhammad Farooq | 92 | 1341 | 37533 |
Jean Willy Andre Cleymans | 90 | 542 | 27685 |
Bernhard T. Baune | 90 | 608 | 50706 |
Martin Wikelski | 89 | 420 | 25821 |
Niklas Luhmann | 85 | 421 | 42743 |
Achim Müller | 85 | 926 | 35874 |
Oliver T. Wolf | 83 | 337 | 24211 |