Bielefeld University

About: Bielefeld University is a education organization based out in Bielefeld, Nordrhein-Westfalen, Germany. It is known for research contribution in the topics: Population & Quantum chromodynamics. The organization has 10123 authors who have published 26576 publications receiving 728250 citations. The organization is also known as: University of Bielefeld & UNIVERSITAET BIELEFELD.

What Drives Adult Personality Development? A Comparison of Theoretical Perspectives and Empirical Evidence:

Abstract: Increasing numbers of empirical studies provide compelling evidence that personality traits change across the entire lifespan. What initiates this continuing personality development and how does th...

Structure-related frustrated magnetism of nanosized polyoxometalates: aesthetics and properties in harmony

Abstract: The structural versatility characterizing polyoxometalate chemistry, in combination with the option to deliberately use well-defined building blocks, serves as the foundation for the generation of a large family of magnetic clusters, frequently comprising highly symmetric spin arrays. If the spin centers are coupled by antiferromagnetic exchange, some of these systems exhibit spin frustration, which can result in novel magnetic properties of purely molecular origins. We discuss here the magnetic properties of selected nanosized polyoxometalate clusters featuring spin triangles as their magnetic ‘building blocks’ or fragments. This includes unique porous Keplerate clusters of the type {(Mo)Mo5}12M30 (M = FeIII, CrIII, VIV) with the spin centers defining a regular icosidodecahedron and the {V15As6}-type cluster sphere containing a single equilateral spin triangle; these species are widely discussed and studied in the literature for their role in materials science as molecular representations of Kagome lattices and in relation to quantum computing, respectively. Exhibiting fascinating and unique structural features, these magnetic molecules allow the study of the implications of frustrated spin ordering. Furthermore, this perspective covers the impact of spin frustration on the degeneracy of the ground state and related problems, namely strong magnetic anisotropy and the interplay of antisymmetric exchange and structural Jahn–Teller effects.

Social Norms and the Likelihood of Raping: Perceived Rape Myth Acceptance of Others Affects Men's Rape Proclivity

Abstract: Research showing that rape myth acceptance (RMA) causally affects rape proclivity (RP) was extended by examining the impact of RMA-related norms on RP. Male students (total N = 264) received feedback about the alleged responses of other students to RMA items either before (Experiment 1) or after (Experiment 2) they reported their own RMA, and then their RP was assessed using acquaintance-rape scenarios. The level of RMA feedback was varied. Results showed that higher norms led to higher RP. In Experiment 1, this effect was mediated via self-reported RMA. Experiment 2 yielded main effects of both RMA feedback and self-reported RMA and an interaction effect showing that RMA feedback was particularly influential at higher levels of own RMA. Theoretical and practical implications of these findings are discussed.

Smashing subcategories and the telescope conjecture - an algebraic approach

Abstract: We prove a modified version of Ravenel's telescope conjecture. It is shown that every smashing subcategory of the stable homotopy category is generated by a set of maps between finite spectra. This result is based on a new characterization of smashing subcategories, which leads in addition to a classification of these subcategories in terms of the category of finite spectra. The approach presented here is purely algebraic; it is based on an analysis of pure-injective objects in a compactly generated triangulated category, and covers therefore also situations arising in algebraic geometry and representation theory.

Thermophilic archaea activate butane via alkyl-coenzyme M formation

Abstract: The anaerobic formation and oxidation of methane involve unique enzymatic mechanisms and cofactors, all of which are believed to be specific for C1-compounds. Here we show that an anaerobic thermophilic enrichment culture composed of dense consortia of archaea and bacteria apparently uses partly similar pathways to oxidize the C4 hydrocarbon butane. The archaea, proposed genus 'Candidatus Syntrophoarchaeum', show the characteristic autofluorescence of methanogens, and contain highly expressed genes encoding enzymes similar to methyl-coenzyme M reductase. We detect butyl-coenzyme M, indicating archaeal butane activation analogous to the first step in anaerobic methane oxidation. In addition, Ca. Syntrophoarchaeum expresses the genes encoding β-oxidation enzymes, carbon monoxide dehydrogenase and reversible C1 methanogenesis enzymes. This allows for the complete oxidation of butane. Reducing equivalents are seemingly channelled to HotSeep-1, a thermophilic sulfate-reducing partner bacterium known from the anaerobic oxidation of methane. Genes encoding 16S rRNA and methyl-coenzyme M reductase similar to those identifying Ca. Syntrophoarchaeum were repeatedly retrieved from marine subsurface sediments, suggesting that the presented activation mechanism is naturally widespread in the anaerobic oxidation of short-chain hydrocarbons.