Showing papers by "Boise State University published in 1987"
TL;DR: This article performed a limited test of the sexual stratification hypothesis which asserts that various degrees of opprobrium are attached to sexual assaults depending on the racial composition of the offender/victim dyad.
Abstract: Recent research examining race-based sentencing has reported anomalous results. It has been argued by Heck (1981) and Peterson and Hagan (1984) that these anomalies would not be perceived as such given a greater sensitivity to the “changing conceptions of race” in American society. This study performs a limited test of the sexual stratification hypothesis which asserts that various degrees of opprobrium are attached to sexual assaults depending on the racial composition of the offender/victim dyad. This hypothesis is tested with an additive and a race-specific model. The additive model fails to reveal any significant differences in severity of penalties based on either offender or victim race. The race-specific model reveals that significantly harsher penalties were imposed on blacks who sexually assaulted whites than were imposed on blacks who sexually assaulted blacks. The additive model suppresses this differential sentencing severity because blacks who assaulted blacks received the most lenient penalties, thus moving the black grand mean to one which was not significantly different from the white grand mean. Thus, both differential leniency and harshness are possible for blacks depending on the race of the victim.
73 citations
TL;DR: A test of the Galbraith and Nathanson (1978) model of stages of development found that in highly diverse firms: (1) performance criteria are more objective, (2) bonus is a larger proportion of total compensation, and (3) bonus allocation decisions are based more on an objective ‘formula’ of performance evaluation than on the discretion of the firm President or Chief Executive Officer.
Abstract: The paper describes a test of the Galbraith and Nathanson (1978) model of stages of development. In particular, Galbraith and Nathanson hypothesized that in highly diverse firms: (1) performance criteria are more objective, (2) bonus is a larger proportion of total compensation, and (3) bonus allocation decisions are based more on an objective ‘formula’ of performance evaluation than on the discretion of the firm President or Chief Executive Officer. The study compared the three variables across three diversification groups (high, medium, low), based on Rumelt's (1974) classification (single product, vertically integrated, dominant, related, unrelated, and conglomerate). The study used written surveys of corporate managers in Fortune 1000 manufacturing firms.
41 citations
TL;DR: It was found that social support was second only to age in its ability to account independently for variance in blood pressure levels and was also significantly related to assimilation.
Abstract: This study explores the role of social support on blood pressure levels among a sample of immigrants. The measure of blood pressure used is biological effective blood pressure, a mathematically tra...
29 citations
TL;DR: In this article, the authors compared means on property and violent offenses broken down by verbal IQ levels among a sample of 256 juvenile delinquents and found that low IQ delinquents were present in the sample in significantly higher proportions than would be expected in comparison to population IQ norms.
Abstract: This study compares means on property and violent offenses broken down by verbal IQ levels among a sample of 256 juvenile delinquents. Low IQ delinquents were present in the sample in significantly higher proportions than would be expected in comparison to population IQ norms. Within the sample, it was found that there was an inverse relationship between IQ levels and violent crime and a positive relationship between IQ levels and property crime. Low IQ apparently predisposes delinquents to impulsive and spontaneous crimes which offer instant gratification. High IQ apparently predisposes delinquents to crimes which require planning and offer deferred gratification. These findings underscore the complexity of the relationship between IQ and delinquency.
26 citations
TL;DR: In this article, a model is proposed that links the diagenesis of siliceous sedimentary rocks with deformation to explain the heterogeneous structural fabric of radiolarian cherts in the upper Paleozoic Golconda allochthon of Nevada, U.S.A.
25 citations
TL;DR: The authors compared the degree of delinquency involvement of V > P and P > V imbalanced delinquents with intellectually balanced (P=V) delinquents and found that intellectual imbalance regardless of direction was significantly related to delinquent involvement.
Abstract: This study compares the degree of delinquency involvement of V > P and P > V imbalanced delinquents with intellectually balanced (P=V) delinquents. It was found that P > V subjects were overrepresented and V > P subjects were underrepresented in our sample compared with expectations derived from a normative sample. It was also found that intellectual imbalance, regardless of direction, was significantly related to delinquency involvement. This finding held when controlling for social class and race.
20 citations
TL;DR: Love deprivation was more strongly related to violence than was psychopathy/intellectual functioning, and severely love-deprived, low-intellectual-functioning psychopaths were the most violent.
Abstract: This study sought to determine the combined effects of psychopathy, low intellectual functioning, and love deprivation on violent delinquency. Low-intellectual-functioning psychopaths were significantly more violent than were low or high-intellectual-functioning nonpsychopaths or high-intellectual-functioning psychopaths. Love deprivation was more strongly related to violence than was psychopathy/intellectual functioning, and severely love-deprived, low-intellectual-functioning psychopaths were the most violent.
16 citations
15 citations
Journal Article•
TL;DR: Only love deprivation was found to be significantly related to P greater than V scores in the path model, thus offering some support to the assertions of some authors that early emotional stresses affect subsequent autonomic nervous system function.
Abstract: Ever since Wechsler observed that the adolescent sociopath characteristically scored higher on the performance section of the Wechsler IQ scale relative to the verbal section, psychologists have been debating its meaning. This study examines the relationships between P-V discrepancy scores, love deprivation, and juvenile delinquency among a sample of juvenile probationers. P greater than V scores were significantly related to love deprivation and violent crimes. It was determined that much of the explanatory power of P greater than V with regard to violent delinquent behavior was mediated by love deprivation. We also found that P greater than V scores could not be explained away by social class, low verbal scores, or lower full-scale scores. Only love deprivation was found to be significantly related to P greater than V scores in our path model, thus offering some support to the assertions of some authors that early emotional stresses affect subsequent autonomic nervous system function.
14 citations
14 citations
TL;DR: In this article, an analysis of data from the 1816-1980 time span indicates that civil wars do not become internationalized during just one specific cyclical phase, though phases characterized by the existence of a preponderant state are highly intervention-prone.
Abstract: Recently many theorists have become intrigued with the possibility that several processes within the modern world system are cyclical and unfold through a series of distinct phases. In particular, the so-called "world leadership" school of thought emphasizes long cycles of capability concentration/deconcentration, while the "capitalist world-economy" school stresses long cycles in economic hegemony/rivalry. The questions asked by this study are: (1) Do civil wars become internationalized more frequently during certain phases of these cycles? and (2) Do certain types of interventions occur during those phases characterized by the existence of a single preponderant state at the apex of the international hierarchy? An analysis of data from the 1816-1980 time span indicates that civil wars do not become internationalized during just one specific cyclical phase, though phases characterized by the existence of a preponderant state are highly intervention-prone. Furthermore, such interventions tend to be underta...
TL;DR: In this article, the effects of love deprivation on violent delinquency among juvenile probationers were explored, and they found that love deprivation emerged as the most useful predictor of violent delinquence, followed by race, class, and substance abuse.
TL;DR: In this paper, the authors show that the narrow limits of the setchell willow population are associated with specific abiotic factors, such as flooding, flooding, and soil fertility.
Abstract: Setchell willow (Salix setchelliana Ball) is a prostrate clonal species, producing vertical shoots (to about 3 dm) from a shallow horizontal root system. Clonal growth, measured by number of shoots, number of branches, and number of catkins per square meter, was greatest at the middle elevations of a point bar stand, approximately 20 m wide. This paper shows that the narrow limits of this population are associated with specific abiotic factors. The Kluane River (Yukon Territory) shows a yearly fluctuation with highest water at the time of maximum glacial melt in mid-August. Willow shoots closest to the channel are inundated for approximately 60% of their growing season; inundation may set the lower limit of clonal growth. Depth of deposited material increased away from the channel, resulting in deeper horizontal root systems. Substrate in the upper zone, farthest from the channel, had the highest percentage of fines and the highest field water content. Several shoots with decomposed bases were found in th...
01 Jul 1987
TL;DR: In this article, the authors study a Lotka-Volterra system with periodic harvesting and find sufficient conditions for the existence of periodic solutions with the same period, and under certain conditions, count the number of such periodic solutions.
Abstract: We study a Lotka-Volterra system with periodic harvesting, find sufficient conditions for the existence of periodic solutions with the same period, and, under certain conditions, count the number of such periodic solutions.
TL;DR: Most early childhood teachers are not alarmists about children and television as mentioned in this paper, and TV is a fact of life for American children and simply another aspect that teachers must deal with in the classroom.
Abstract: Most early childhood teachers are not alarmists about children and television. TV is a fact of life for American children and simply another aspect that teachers must deal with in the classroom.
TL;DR: In this paper, sufficient conditions are given for the existence of T-periodic solutions of weakly coupled systems of the form xi = fi(xi) + ∊iFi(t,x,∊), i = 1,…,k where xi ∊ R2, ∊ = col(∊i) ∊ (R2)k, • = col ∊ i • Rk.
Abstract: Sufficient conditions are given for the existence of T-periodic solutions of weakly coupled systems of the form xi = fi(xi) + ∊iFi(t,x,∊), i = 1,…,k where xi ∊ R2, ∊ = col(∊i) ∊ (R2)k, • = col(∊i) • Rk, and Fi is T-periodic in its first variable. An illustrative example is provided.
TL;DR: A detection task was used and it was concluded that feature perturbations are not an artifact of guessing biases and tend to proceed in a foveal direction.