Boise State University

About: Boise State University is a education organization based out in Boise, Idaho, United States. It is known for research contribution in the topics: Population & Poison control. The organization has 3698 authors who have published 8664 publications receiving 210163 citations. The organization is also known as: BSU & Boise State.

Microwave acoustic materials, devices, and applications

Abstract: This paper surveys applications of acoustic waves in microwave devices. After a general and historical introduction to bulk acoustic waves (BAWs), surface acoustic waves (SAWs), practical wave types, and acoustoelectric transducers, a review is given of technologically important materials for microwave acoustic applications. Following this, we discuss BAW and SAW microwave devices and their technologies. Specifically reviewed are thin-film resonators and filters, transversal filters, and filters for correlative analog signal processing. Finally, an overview of the most important microwave applications is given, along with manufacturing and packaging issues.

The Need for Design Thinking in Business Schools

Abstract: The demands placed on today’s organizations and their managers suggest that we have to develop pedagogies combining analytic reasoning with a more exploratory skill set that design practitioners have embraced and business schools have traditionally neglected. Design thinking is an iterative, exploratory process involving visualizing, experimenting, creating, and prototyping of models, and gathering feedback. It is a particularly apt method for addressing innovation and messy, ill-structured situations. We discuss key characteristics of design thinking, link design-thinking characteristics to recent studies of cognition, and note how the repertoire of skills and methods that embody design thinking can address deficits in business school education.

Development of high-temperature ferromagnetism in Sn O 2 and paramagnetism in SnO by Fe doping

Abstract: We report the development of room-temperature ferromagnetism in chemically synthesized powder samples of ${\mathrm{Sn}}_{1\ensuremath{-}x}{\mathrm{Fe}}_{x}{\mathrm{O}}_{2}$ $(0.005\ensuremath{\leqslant}x\ensuremath{\leqslant}0.05)$ and paramagnetic behavior in an identically synthesized set of ${\mathrm{Sn}}_{1\ensuremath{-}x}{\mathrm{Fe}}_{x}\mathrm{O}$. The ferromagnetic ${\mathrm{Sn}}_{0.99}{\mathrm{Fe}}_{0.01}{\mathrm{O}}_{2}$ showed a Curie temperature ${T}_{C}=850\phantom{\rule{0.3em}{0ex}}\mathrm{K}$, which is among the highest reported for transition-metal-doped semiconductor oxides. With increasing Fe doping, the lattice parameters of $\mathrm{Sn}{\mathrm{O}}_{2}$ decreased and the saturation magnetization increased, suggesting a strong structure-magnetic property relationship. When the ${\mathrm{Sn}}_{0.95}{\mathrm{Fe}}_{0.05}{\mathrm{O}}_{2}$ was prepared at different temperatures between 200 and $900\phantom{\rule{0.2em}{0ex}}\ifmmode^\circ\else\textdegree\fi{}\mathrm{C}$, systematic changes in the magnetic properties were observed. Combined M\"ossbauer spectroscopy and magnetometry measurements showed a ferromagnetic behavior in ${\mathrm{Sn}}_{0.95}{\mathrm{Fe}}_{0.05}{\mathrm{O}}_{2}$ samples prepared at and above $350\phantom{\rule{0.2em}{0ex}}\ifmmode^\circ\else\textdegree\fi{}\mathrm{C}$, but the ferromagnetic component decreased gradually as preparation temperature approached $600\phantom{\rule{0.2em}{0ex}}\ifmmode^\circ\else\textdegree\fi{}\mathrm{C}$. All ${\mathrm{Sn}}_{0.95}{\mathrm{Fe}}_{0.05}{\mathrm{O}}_{2}$ samples prepared above $600\phantom{\rule{0.2em}{0ex}}\ifmmode^\circ\else\textdegree\fi{}\mathrm{C}$ were paramagnetic. X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy, magnetometry, and particle induced x-ray emission studies showed that the Fe dopants diffuse towards the surface of the particles in samples prepared at higher temperatures, gradually destroying the ferromagnetism. M\"ossbauer studies showed that the magnetically ordered ${\mathrm{Fe}}^{3+}$ spins observed in the ${\mathrm{Sn}}_{0.95}{\mathrm{Fe}}_{0.05}{\mathrm{O}}_{2}$ sample prepared at $350\phantom{\rule{0.2em}{0ex}}\ifmmode^\circ\else\textdegree\fi{}\mathrm{C}$ is only $\ensuremath{\sim}24%$ of the uniformly incorporated ${\mathrm{Fe}}^{3+}$. No evidence of any iron oxide impurity phases were detected in ${\mathrm{Sn}}_{1\ensuremath{-}x}{\mathrm{Fe}}_{x}{\mathrm{O}}_{2}$ or ${\mathrm{Sn}}_{1\ensuremath{-}x}{\mathrm{Fe}}_{x}\mathrm{O}$, suggesting that the emerging magnetic interactions in these systems are most likely related to the properties of the host systems $\mathrm{Sn}{\mathrm{O}}_{2}$ and SnO, and their oxygen stoichiometry.

Fire, storms, and erosional events in the Idaho batholith

Abstract: In late December 1996, the South Fork Payette River basin in west-central Idaho experienced a prolonged storm that culminated on January 1, 1997, with intense rain on melting snow that triggered slide failures, producing debris flows and sediment-charged floods. Failures occurred in saturated, cohesionless, grussy colluvium derived from weathered Idaho batholith granitic rocks. Many failures along the South Fork Payette River originated in ponderosa pine forests burned in the 1989 stand-replacing Lowman fire. An example is the 0Ð49 km 2 ‘Jughead’ Creek basin, where a single large colluvial failure produced almost 40% of the total volume eroded from the basin and generated a massive and rapid debris flow. Failures also occurred in steep, unburned, and unforested drainages such as Hopkins Creek. In this south-facing 0Ð58 km 2 basin, 15 colluvial hollows failed, but no single failure produced more than 10% of the total eroded volume. Sediment transport in Hopkins Creek occurred by prolonged sediment-charged sheetflooding. Despite vegetation differences, sediment yields from the geomorphically similar Hopkins Creek (¾42 000 Mg km � 2 ) and Jughead Creek (¾44 000 Mg km � 2 ) basins were quite similar. These 1997 erosion events are equivalent to several thousand years of sediment yield at low rates (2Ð7–30 Mg km 2 year � 1 ) measured by short-term sediment trapping and gauging in Idaho batholith watersheds. If similar large events were solely responsible for sediment export, recurrence intervals (RIs) of several hundred years would account for higher sediment yields averaged over ¾10 4 year from Idaho batholith watersheds. Dating of small fire-induced sheetflooding events in an early Holocene tributary junction fan of Jughead Creek indicates that frequent small sedimentation events (RI ³ 33–80 year) occurred between 7400 and 6600 cal year BP, with an average yield not greatly exceeding 16 Mg km � 2 year � 1 . Compared with the Holocene average, erosion rates during that 800 year period were unusually low, suggesting that sediment yields have not been constant over time, and that climatic variations and related fire regime changes may exert a strong influence on the probability of major erosional events. Copyright  2001 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.