Showing papers by "Boston Children's Hospital published in 1977"
TL;DR: Tumor-induced capillary proliferation was studied in the rabbit cornea after implantation of V2 carcinoma 1 mm from the limbal vascular plexus to suggest that active migration of preformed endothelial cells toward the tumor stimulus may precede cell proliferation during tumor angiogenesis.
1,286 citations
TL;DR: The observation of heritable fragile sites on human chromosomes prepared for lymphocyte cultures has been shown to depend on the type of tissue culture medium in which the lymphocytes are grown.
Abstract: The observation of heritable fragile sites on human chromosomes prepared for lymphocyte cultures has been shown to depend on the type of tissue culture medium in which the lymphocytes are grown. The sites are observed at a much greater frequency when medium 199 is used than when RPMI 1640, Ham's F10, Eagle's (basal), and CMRL 1969 are used. One site on the X chromosome is of clinical significance in that it is a marker for X-linked mental retardation.
499 citations
TL;DR: Investigations showed that the ELISA was as sensitive as electron microscopy or radioimmunoassay for detection of this agent and was simple to perform and, when read visually, did not require sophisticated technical equipment.
325 citations
TL;DR: Methods are described for maintaining postnatal mouse cerebellar cells in monolayer culture, and for identifying granule cells in such cultures, using nuclear morphology and phase contrast and scanning electron microscopy.
228 citations
TL;DR: This study provides evidence for a carbon cycle between host and symbiont whereby the zooxanthellae take up host-derived carbon, synthesize fatty acids using their photosynthetically derived energy, and return the lipid to the host where it appears as wax ester and triglyceride.
Abstract: Surface tissue of the reef coral Pocillopora capitata contained approximately 34% lipid on a dry weight basis. Of this, 75% was storage lipid (wax ester and triglyceride) and 25% structural (phospholipid, galactolipid, etc.). Based on chlorophyll a: lipid ratios of intact coral and isolated zooxanthellae, it was determined that over 90% of the storage lipid resided in the host tissue. One half of the structural lipids was found in the host and the other in the symbiotic algae. Gentle fractionation of coral tissue indicated that zooxanthellae possessed less than 14% of the total coral protein. Coral tips and isolated zooxanthellae were incubated with sodium acetate-1-14C in light and dark to obtain lipogenic rates and proportions of fatty acids and lipid classes synthesized. The rate of lipid synthesis from acetate-1-14C by intact coral was stimulated three-fold in the light (1200 lux), which indicated that the majority of coral lipogenesis occurred in the zooxanthellae. Intact coral triglycerides contained ca. 68% of the 14C-activity and wax esters ca. 21%. Zooxanthellae isolated by the Water Pik technique synthesized negligible amounts of wax ester, which implied that wax ester synthesis was a property of the animal tissue. Isolated zooxanthellae and intact coral synthesized identical triglyceride fatty acids from acetate-1-14C. This study provides evidence for a carbon cycle between host and symbiont whereby the zooxanthellae take up host-derived carbon (probably in the form of acetate), synthesize fatty acids using their photosynthetically derived energy, and return the lipid to the host where it appears as wax ester and triglyceride.
201 citations
TL;DR: A series of 238 hydronephrotic kidneys in 219 children is reported, finding many kidneys of initially doubtful value showed useful improvement after reconstructive operation and no secondary nephrectomies were performed.
176 citations
TL;DR: In this paper, the authors investigated the role of NGF in the development of sensory neurons in chick embryo dorsal root ganglionic (DRG) neurons and found that the minimum level of 2.5 S NGF required to sustain the survival of maximal numbers of process-bearing cells derived from 8-day (E8) embryonic DRGs is 0.5 ng/ml (∼2 × 10−11 M).
172 citations
TL;DR: In this paper, a chromatographic resolution and quantification of the calcium-binding amino acid γ-carboxyglutamate (Gla) is presented, which is extremely acid labile and totally converted to glutamic acid during acid hydrolysis.
166 citations
TL;DR: The case represents a well‐documented occurrence of malignant tumor arising within a congenital malformation, an association that is unlikely to be the result of chance.
Abstract: An asymptomatic congenital cystic adenomatoid malformation of lung discovered at age 18 months, and unchanging for 14 months prior to its removal, was found to harbor a small embryonal rhabdomyosarcoma following excision. With lobectomy and chemotherapy, the tumor-free interval has now exceeded three years. The case represents a well-documented occurrence of malignant tumor arising within a congenital malformation, an association that is unlikely to be the result of chance.
164 citations
TL;DR: Certain epidemiologic, clinical, and laboratory findings appear to be helpful in distinguishing gastroenteritis due to HRVLA from other causes in those children sick enough to require hospitalization.
158 citations
TL;DR: In the kitten, a delay in the generation of macrophages and hypertrophic astrocytes occurs following transient neonatal endotoxemia, and large hemispheric cavitary lesions are not accompanied by obvious neurological deficits in the kitten.
Abstract: Telencephalic white matter of the neonatal kitten frequently contained diffuse astrogliosis or focal necrosis (sometimes including the thalamus and the caudate) following a single intraperitoneal injection of Escherichia coli lipopolysaccharide. No evidence for a disseminated intravascular coagulopathy was found. Telencephalic lesions in neonatal monkey and rabbit were also hemorrhagic. Enhanced karyorrhexis of glial nuclei was presented in the telencephalic white matter of the neonatal rat. In the kitten, a delay in the generation of macrophages and hypertrophic astrocytes occurs following transient neonatal endotoxemia. Marked weight loss and temperature fluctuation are prominent systemic effects. Large hemispheric cavitary lesions are not accompanied by obvious neurological deficits in the kitten.
TL;DR: Findings suggest that release of [3H]NE from PC12 cells may be mediated via stimulation of nicotinic acetylcholine receptors and a consequent stimulation-secretion coupling mechanism.
TL;DR: Comparisons of histologic types, sizes and calculated volumes of invasive tumors, and clinical data among patients with a single focus and with multicentric foci of breast carcinoma were compared suggest an association between the extent of the in situ lesion and the likelihood of occult invasive carcinoma.
Abstract: Occult multicentric foci of carcinoma, separate from the tumor that directed biopsy (reference tumor), were documented in mastectomy specimens with a correlated serial subgross and radiographic method of examination (Egan et al2). The relative frequencies of histologic types, sizes and calculated volumes of invasive tumors, and clinical data among patients with a single focus and with multicentric foci of breast carcinoma were compared. Multicentric foci of carcinoma occurred in 18 of 85 cases (21%). Half of the occult lesions were second invasive carcinomas, and in three cases the occult second invasive tumor was larger and/or more poorly differentiated than the reference tumor. However, in no instance was a metastasis documented from an occult carcinoma. On the average, the invasive carcinomas in breasts with multicentric foci of cancer were significantly smaller in diameter and calculated volume was than that of unicentric invasive carcinomas. Patients with multicentric breast carcinoma were more likely to have a positive family history of breast cancer and to have had contralateral cancer than were patients with a single focus of disease. Compared with other types of invasive cancers, tubular carcinomas were significantly more likely to be associated with multicentric invasive carcinomas in this study; half of the reference tubular carcinomas were so associated. Duct carcinoma in situ (DCIS) less than 25 mm in extent was unassociated with occult invasive or significant in situ multicentricity, whereas more diffuse DCIS frequently was associated with occult invasive carcinoma. These latter data suggest an association between the extent of the in situ lesion and the likelihood of occult invasive carcinoma.
TL;DR: Quantitative studies on the nerve growth factor requirement of chick embryo sympathetic neurons in dissociated cell culture revealed that withdrawal of NGF, even after 4 weeks of culture, resulted in degeneration of nerve cell bodies and processes.
TL;DR: The incidence, sex, seasonal and geographical patterns of juvenile-onset insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus were studied retrospectively on one third of the Danish population 1970–1974, and incidence seemed to show socioeconomic differences, being highest in those parts of the survey area with lower status.
Abstract: The incidence, sex, seasonal and geographical patterns of juvenile-onset insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (j.i.d.m.) were studied retrospectively on one third of the Danish population 1970–1974. The j.i.d.m. incidence remained fairly constant during the study period, the average being 13.2 per 100000 per year. The total number of boys exceeded the number of girls by 27 per cent. A marked peak of incidence was found at 12–14 years, earlier for females than for males. A seasonal variation in onset (diagnosis) of j.i.d.m. was observed with the lowest number of new cases in May–July. The j.i.d.m. incidence seemed to show socioeconomic differences, being highest in those parts of the survey area with lower status.
TL;DR: It is concluded that sexual misuse is most often a symptom of family dysfunction; preliminary guidelines for case management are offered.
Abstract: This paper, based on a study of pediatric emergency room records and on clinical experience, suggests that sexual misuse of children often goes unrecognized, and that this diagnosis must be considered in all children seen for genital injury, irritation, and infection. It is concluded that sexual misuse is most often a symptom of family dysfunction; preliminary guidelines for case management are offered.
TL;DR: The population studied was defined in terms of gestational age, maternal premedication, and mode of delivery and the results are presented in tabular form by time segments with term, preterm, and postterm infants treated separately.
Abstract: The times of the first stool and the first void were recorded for 500 infants. The population studied was defined in terms of gestational age, maternal premedication, and mode of delivery. The results are presented in tabular form by time segments with term, preterm, and postterm infants treated separately.
TL;DR: Comparisons are made between an almost complete Down's syndrome sample from the Copenhagen Metropolitan Area and a randomly selected sample of births from the same area and the same time period.
Abstract: Increasing incidence of Down's syndrome with advancing paternal age for given maternal age has been demonstrated. Comparisons are made between an almost complete Down's syndrome sample from the Copenhagen Metropolitan Area and a randomly selected sample of births from the same area and the same time period. Men above 55 years have a significantly increased risk of getting children with Down's syndrome.
TL;DR: It is generally unwise to attempt operative correction unless the radial head remains displaced or the residual angulation approaches 45 degrees, so treatment of displaced fractures of the radial neck should be by closed means whenever possible.
Abstract: Forty-eight children with displaced fractures of the radial neck were studied. Five types of injury were seen, that associated with a valgus strain being the most common. Good results were obtained in just over one-half of the cases. It is concluded that treatment of these fractures should be by closed means whenever possible. It is generally unwise to attempt operative correction unless the radial head remains displaced or the residual angulation approaches 45 degrees. Open reduction should be checked by intraoperative radiographs. Internal fixation is seldom necessary and has its complications. Late manipulation of the fracture causes additonal trauma and the results are bad. Avascular necrosis and radio-ulnar synostosis were the two most disabling complication encountered.
TL;DR: Three prepubertal girls studied have biochemical evidence of ovarian failure following the use of combination chemotherapy, but no individual child is hypothyroid or shows impaired adrenal function, clinically or biochemically.
TL;DR: The left hemisphere appears to be relatively specialized for the serial organization of fine motor movements in both left- and right-handers.
TL;DR: It was concluded that patients with Turner's syndrome may have a selective deficit in cortical junctions that are lateralized to the right cerebral hemisphere.
Abstract: Thirteen females with Turner's syndrome were examined for spatial abilities and serial processing, and their performance was compared with that of normal females matched by age, intelligence, and socioeconomic class. Patients with Turner's syndrome performed significantly poorer on tests of spatial ability than controls, but only on spatial tests requiring the integration of isolated elements as synthetic wholes or the remembering of spatial configurations which could not be verbally mediated. Patients also performed less well than controls on tasks of serial processing when the tasks could not be mediated verbally. It was concluded that patients with Turner's syndrome may have a selective deficit in cortical junctions that are lateralized to the right cerebral hemisphere.
TL;DR: Three cases with co‐existent Wilm's tumor and Von Recklinghausen's Disease from a series of 342 nephroblastomas are discussed as to the significance of this association and an embryologic association is described whereby early mutational events, i.e. neural induction of nephrogenesis, may link these two entities in utero.
Abstract: Three cases with co-existent Wilm's tumor and Von Recklinghausen's Disease from a series of 342 nephroblastomas are discussed as to the significance of this association. Biological arguments favor a positive link because of the multiplicity of associative lesions which parallel each other, the co-existence of which suggests a common genetic bond. An embryologic association is described whereby early mutational events, i.e. neural induction of nephrogenesis, may link these two entities in utero. Further interconnection is stated statistically, in that nephroblastoma patients in this series had a 29 fold higher incidence of multiple neurofibromatosis than predicted for in the general population. The co-existent diseases in the three cases observed are approximately 33-50% more than can be accounted for by chance in the United States population. Malignant transformation in neurofibromatosis is discussed because of the therapeutic implications presented by two of the three Wilms' tumor patients studied.
TL;DR: 4 patients with inverted tandem duplications of parts of chromosomes, a hitherto rarely identified form of a structural rearrangement involving a single chromosome in man, involved different chromosomal regions and might well have arisen by the same mechanism.
Abstract: We have studied 4 patients with inverted tandem duplications of parts of chromosomes, a hitherto rarely identified form of a structural rearrangement involving a single chromosome in man. In patients 1 and 2, the duplication involved parts of the short arm of chromosome 8 (regions 8p12 leads to 8p23 and 8p21 leads to 8p23, respectively). Both patients manifested certain characteristics of the mosaic trisomy 8 syndrome. Elevated levels of glutathione reductase (GSR) in their erythrocytes supported the interpretation of a partial duplication of chromosome 8 and indicated a regional localization for the GSR gene locus. In Partient 3, the distal half of the long arm of chromosome 4 was duplicated (region 4q23 leads to 4q35). Clinical evidence supported this interpretation, as Patient 3 resembled phenotypically the 13 reported cases with duplication of the distal 4q. The cytogenetic findings in Patient 4 suggested a possibly inverted duplication of 22q. The clinical correlation was less convincing due to the lack of a well-defined phenotype for trisomy 22. These chromosome aberrations had occurred de novo in all 4 cases. Although they involved different chromosomal regions, they might well have arisen by the same mechanism. Possible modes of origin that are discussed in detail include unequal exchange between homologous chromosomes, between chromatids of 1 chromosome or between strands of 1 DNA duplex.
TL;DR: The jaundice and cholestasis are interpreted to be hepatotoxic effects because of their temporal relationship to the treatment and the presence of hepatocellular damage.
TL;DR: Three major allergens in crude American and German cockroach extracts have been identified using sequential purification steps on Sephadex G-75, diethylaminoethyl (DEAE) cellulose, and agarose gel electrophoresis.
Abstract: Crude cockroach extract elicited positive skin tests in 50% of patients with positive and in 4% with negative environmental history for cockroach exposure, suggesting a possible role of cockroach in perennial atopic disease. Three major allergens in crude American and German cockroach extracts have been identified using sequential purification steps on Sephadex G-75, diethylaminoethyl (DEAE) cellulose, and agarose gel electrophoresis. Cr-I elicits positive skin tests in 70% of patients sensitive to the crude extracts. It has a molecular weight of approximately 25,500 daltons, is highly acidic, and resists boiling for four hours. Boiling in 4 N acetic acid completely abolishes its allergenicity. The purified allergen elicits positive skin tests at a concentration of 3 μg/ml and is capable of inducing >50% histamine release from sensitive leukocytes at 0.05 ng/ml. A second antigen, Cr-II, elicits positive skin tests also in approximately 70% of cockroach-sensitive individuals, has a molecular weight of approximately 63,000 to 65,000 daltons, and has similar heat stability and acid hydrolysis characteristics to Cr-I. A third, less well-characterized antigen, Cr-III, has a molecular weight
TL;DR: It is proposed that SBI should be tried in infants with severe, localized PIE which has caused mediastinal shift, compressive atelectasis, and respiratory acidosis requiring mechanical ventilation despite vigorous pulmonary therapy and usual supportive measures.
TL;DR: Tolmetin and aspirin had equal anti-inflammatory and analgesic effects in the treatment of JRA and adverse effects accompanying administration did not appear to be of major clinical significance.
TL;DR: A significant decrease in total lymphocyte count is found after all three processing methods of pasteurization, lyophilization, and freezing in human milk, which has clinical importance.