Institution
Boston University
Education•Boston, Massachusetts, United States•
About: Boston University is a education organization based out in Boston, Massachusetts, United States. It is known for research contribution in the topics: Population & Poison control. The organization has 48688 authors who have published 119622 publications receiving 6276020 citations. The organization is also known as: BU & Boston U.
Papers published on a yearly basis
Papers
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TL;DR: Improved wet transfer onto perforated substrates with 2.7 μm diameter holes yields 98% coverage of holes covered with continuous films, allowing the ready use of Raman spectroscopy and transmission electron microscopy to study the intrinsic properties of CVD-grown monolayer graphene.
Abstract: Reproducible dry and wet transfer techniques were developed to improve the transfer of large-area monolayer graphene grown on copper foils by chemical vapor deposition (CVD). The techniques reported here allow transfer onto three different classes of substrates: substrates covered with shallow depressions, perforated substrates, and flat substrates. A novel dry transfer technique was used to make graphene-sealed microchambers without trapping liquid inside. The dry transfer technique utilizes a polydimethylsiloxane frame that attaches to the poly(methyl methacrylate) spun over the graphene film, and the monolayer graphene was transferred onto shallow depressions with 300 nm depth. The improved wet transfer onto perforated substrates with 2.7 μm diameter holes yields 98% coverage of holes covered with continuous films, allowing the ready use of Raman spectroscopy and transmission electron microscopy to study the intrinsic properties of CVD-grown monolayer graphene. Additionally, monolayer graphene transfer...
1,391 citations
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Boston University1, Peking University2, Huazhong Agricultural University3, Birla Institute of Technology and Science4, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology5, Max Planck Society6, Université Paris-Saclay7, University of Copenhagen8, Norwegian Polar Institute9, Indian Institute of Science10, Ames Research Center11
TL;DR: Using satellite data from 2000–2017, this study finds striking greening of both China and India, driven primarily by land-use change, with forest growth and cropland intensification more important in China andCropland moreimportant in India.
Abstract: Satellite data show increasing leaf area of vegetation due to direct (human land-use management) and indirect factors (climate change, CO2 fertilization, nitrogen deposition, recovery from natural disturbances, etc.). Among these, climate change and CO2 fertilization effect seem to be the dominant drivers. However, recent satellite data (2000-2017) reveal a greening pattern that is strikingly prominent in China and India, and overlapping with croplands world-wide. China alone accounts for 25% of the global net increase in leaf area with only 6.6% of global vegetated area. The greening in China is from forests (42%) and croplands (32%), but in India is mostly from croplands (82%) with minor contribution from forests (4.4%). China is engineering ambitious programs to conserve and expand forests with the goal of mitigating land degradation, air pollution and climate change. Food production in China and India has increased by over 35% since 2000 mostly due to increasing harvested area through multiple cropping facilitated by fertilizer use and surface/ground-water irrigation. Our results indicate that the direct factor is a key driver of the "Greening Earth", accounting for over a third, and likely more, of the observed net increase in green leaf area. They highlight the need for realistic representation of human land-use practices in Earth system models.
1,389 citations
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TL;DR: This is the first demonstration that in primary knee OA varus alignment increases risk of medial OA progression, that valgus alignment increased risk of lateral OA progress, that burden of malalignment predicts decline in physical function, and that these effects can be detected after as little as 18 months of observation.
Abstract: ContextKnee osteoarthritis (OA) is a leading cause of disability in older persons.
Few risk factors for disease progression or functional decline have been identified.
Hip-knee-ankle alignment influences load distribution at the knee; varus and
valgus alignment increase medial and lateral load, respectively.ObjectiveTo test the hypotheses that (1) varus alignment increases risk of medial
knee OA progression during the subsequent 18 months, (2) valgus alignment
increases risk of subsequent lateral knee OA progression, (3) greater severity
of malalignment is associated with greater subsequent loss of joint space,
and (4) greater burden of malalignment is associated with greater subsequent
decline in physical function.Design and SettingProspective longitudinal cohort study conducted March 1997 to March
2000 at an academic medical center in Chicago, Ill.ParticipantsA total of 237 persons recruited from the community with primary knee
OA, defined by presence of definite tibiofemoral osteophytes and at least
some difficulty with knee-requiring activity; 230 (97%) completed the study.Main Outcome MeasuresProgression of OA, defined as a 1-grade increase in severity of joint
space narrowing on semiflexed, fluoroscopically confirmed knee radiographs;
change in narrowest joint space width; and change in physical function between
baseline and 18 months, compared by knee alignment at baseline.ResultsVarus alignment at baseline was associated with a 4-fold increase in
the odds of medial progression, adjusting for age, sex, and body mass index
(adjusted odds ratio [OR], 4.09; 95% confidence interval [CI], 2.20-7.62).
Valgus alignment at baseline was associated with a nearly 5-fold increase
in the odds of lateral progression (adjusted OR, 4.89; 95% CI, 2.13-11.20).
Severity of varus correlated with greater medial joint space loss during the
subsequent 18 months (R = 0.52; 95% CI, 0.40-0.62
in dominant knees), and severity of valgus correlated with greater subsequent
lateral joint space loss (R = 0.35; 95% CI, 0.21-0.47
in dominant knees). Having alignment of more than 5° (in either direction)
in both knees at baseline was associated with significantly greater functional
deterioration during the 18 months than having alignment of 5° or less
in both knees, after adjusting for age, sex, body mass index, and pain.ConclusionThis is, to our knowledge, the first demonstration that in primary knee
OA varus alignment increases risk of medial OA progression, that valgus alignment
increases risk of lateral OA progression, that burden of malalignment predicts
decline in physical function, and that these effects can be detected after
as little as 18 months of observation.
1,388 citations
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TL;DR: Peptide levels predicted the risk of death and cardiovascular events after adjustment for traditional risk factors and excess risk was apparent at natriuretic peptide levels well below current thresholds used to diagnose heart failure.
Abstract: Background The natriuretic peptides are counterregulatory hormones involved in volume homeostasis and cardiovascular remodeling The prognostic significance of plasma natriuretic peptide levels in apparently asymptomatic persons has not been established Methods We prospectively studied 3346 persons without heart failure Using proportional-hazards regression, we examined the relations of plasma B-type natriuretic peptide and N-terminal pro–atrial natriuretic peptide to the risk of death from any cause, a first major cardiovascular event, heart failure, atrial fibrillation, stroke or transient ischemic attack, and coronary heart disease Results During a mean follow-up of 52 years, 119 participants died and 79 had a first cardiovascular event After adjustment for cardiovascular risk factors, each increment of 1 SD in log B-type natriuretic peptide levels was associated with a 27 percent increase in the risk of death (P=0009), a 28 percent increase in the risk of a first cardiovascular event (P=003), a
1,384 citations
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Nicholas J Kassebaum1, Amelia Bertozzi-Villa1, Megan Coggeshall1, Katya Anne Shackelford1 +349 more•Institutions (179)
TL;DR: Global rates of change suggest that only 16 countries will achieve the MDG 5 target by 2015, with evidence of continued acceleration in the MMR, and MMR was highest in the oldest age groups in both 1990 and 2013.
1,383 citations
Authors
Showing all 49233 results
Name | H-index | Papers | Citations |
---|---|---|---|
Walter C. Willett | 334 | 2399 | 413322 |
Robert Langer | 281 | 2324 | 326306 |
Meir J. Stampfer | 277 | 1414 | 283776 |
Ronald C. Kessler | 274 | 1332 | 328983 |
JoAnn E. Manson | 270 | 1819 | 258509 |
Albert Hofman | 267 | 2530 | 321405 |
George M. Whitesides | 240 | 1739 | 269833 |
Paul M. Ridker | 233 | 1242 | 245097 |
Eugene Braunwald | 230 | 1711 | 264576 |
Ralph B. D'Agostino | 226 | 1287 | 229636 |
David J. Hunter | 213 | 1836 | 207050 |
Daniel Levy | 212 | 933 | 194778 |
Christopher J L Murray | 209 | 754 | 310329 |
Tamara B. Harris | 201 | 1143 | 163979 |
André G. Uitterlinden | 199 | 1229 | 156747 |