Bowling Green State University

About: Bowling Green State University is a education organization based out in Bowling Green, Ohio, United States. It is known for research contribution in the topics: Population & Poison control. The organization has 8315 authors who have published 16042 publications receiving 482564 citations. The organization is also known as: BGSU.

Homing in Pigeons: The Role of the Hippocampal Formation in the Representation of Landmarks Used for Navigation

Abstract: When given repeated training from a location, homing pigeons acquire the ability to use familiar landmarks to navigate home. Both control and hippocampal-lesioned pigeons succeed in learning to use familiar landmarks for homing. However, the landmark representations that guide navigation are strikingly different. Control and hippocampal-lesioned pigeons were initially given repeated training flights from two locations. On subsequent test days from the two training locations, all pigeons were rendered anosmic to eliminate use of their navigational map and were phase- or clock-shifted to examine the extent to which their learned landmark representations were dependent on the use of the sun as a compass. We show that control pigeons acquire a landmark representation that allows them to directly use landmarks without reference to the sun to guide their flight home, called “pilotage”. Hippocampal-lesioned birds only learn to use familiar landmarks at the training location to recall the compass direction home, based on the sun, flown during training, called “site-specific compass orientation.” The results demonstrate that for navigation of 20 km or more in a natural field setting, the hippocampal formation is necessary if homing pigeons are to learn a spatial representation based on numerous independent landmark elements that can be used to directly guide their return home.

Boron Dipyrromethene (Bodipy) Phosphorescence Revealed in [Ir(ppy)2(bpy-C≡C-Bodipy)]+

Abstract: The synthesis, structural characterization, electrochemistry, and molecular photophysics of [Ir(ppy)2(bpy-C≡C-Bodipy)](PF6), where ppy is 2-phenylpyridine and bpy-C≡C-Bodipy is 5-ethynyl-2,2′-bipyridine-8-phenyl-1,3,5,7-tetramethyl-4,4-bis(2,5-dioxaoct-7-ynyl)-4-bora-3a,4a-diaza-s-indacene (4), is presented. Static and dynamic photoluminescence and absorption measurements in conjunction with cyclic voltammetry were employed to elucidate the nature of the intramolecular energy transfer processes occurring in the excited state of the title chromophore. Parallel studies were performed on appropriate model chromophores (2 and 3) intended to represent the photophysics of the isolated molecular subunits, that is, triplet metal-to-ligand-charge-transfer (3MLCT) and triplet Bodipy intraligand (3IL) excited states, respectively. Upon charge transfer excitation of the title chromophore, the 3MLCT based phosphorescence readily observed in 2 (Φem = 0.027, τ = 243 ns) is quantitatively quenched resulting from producti...

Increased Reproductive Effort with Age in the California Gull (Larus californicus).

Abstract: Comparisons of reproductive behaviors of three age classes of California gulls demonstrate that reproductive effort increases with age in this seabird. These findings contradict the assumption that increased reproductive success with age results from increased experience and social status and demonstrate that selection for increased reproductive effort can occur in long-lived species.