Bowling Green State University

About: Bowling Green State University is a education organization based out in Bowling Green, Ohio, United States. It is known for research contribution in the topics: Population & Poison control. The organization has 8315 authors who have published 16042 publications receiving 482564 citations. The organization is also known as: BGSU.

Assembly Line Balancing with Processing Alternatives: An Application

Abstract: The conventional approach to the assembly line balancing problem assumes that the manufacturing methods to be used have been predetermined. However, in practice the design engineer has several alternatives available in the choice of processing, typically involving a trade-off between labor or capital intensive options. The choice of manufacturing method is frequently viewed as an investment or capital budgeting decision, contrasting projected savings in labor cost with the additional fixed cost for the more capital intensive alternatives. The manufacturing tasks based on the selected processing alternatives are then assigned to work stations so as to minimize the number of work stations i.e., labor costs necessary to achieve a desired production rate. This paper describes a method of simultaneously considering both the choice of manufacturing alternatives and the assignment of tasks to stations so as to minimize total costs labor and fixed over the expected life of the production line. The importance of considering these decisions jointly results from the fact that the benefits obtained from specific manufacturing alternatives should not be limited to anticipated labor savings alone. The true measure of achievable labor savings can only be determined after an assignment of tasks to stations has been chosen. For instance, although a processing alternative may reduce the total work content of a set of tasks, if the resulting line balancing assignment does not reduce the number of stations required to achieve a desired production rate, the assumed savings will not be achievable and will serve only to increase the idle time of the line. On the other hand, an apparently trivial reduction in the time to complete a certain task may lead to a more efficiently balanced line, producing a much greater real savings in labor cost than had been anticipated, due to a reduction in both work content and idle time for the line. The combined processing alternative line balancing problem can be formulated as an integer programming problem. Two alternate formulations are provided which differ in the degree of flexibility in selecting a cycle time. A branch and bound procedure is described for the fixed cycle time situation which takes advantage of the special structure of the problem to provide an efficient method capable of solving problems of practical interest. The effectiveness of the proposed procedure is demonstrated by application to an actual redesign of an assembly line for a major auto-industry supplier.

Proceptive and rejective strategies of U.S. and Canadian college women

Abstract: It is widely believed that men are the initiators in sexual encounters. However, results from animal sex research show that proceptivity—female behavior patterns which initiate or maintain a sexual interaction—is extremely common. We investigated proceptivity in U.S. (n = 29) and Canadian (n = 48) college women who wrote essays explaining how they would seduce and reject a man and who completed a questionnaire assessing sexual conservatism/liberalism. The seduction and rejection essays were subjected to complete thematic analysis; nearly all (87.2%) essays mentioned proceptive themes. Degree of conservatism was not related to proceptivity either within or between U.S. and Canadian samples. Proceptive strategies were described in 22 separate themes as an escalating set of verbal and nonverbal signals for communicating sexual interest to a man. Twenty‐three rejection themes were identified, and rejection strategies fell into two categories: Avoid Proceptivity and Incomplete Rejection. Proceptive and rejecti...

Dependence and Autonomy in Old Age: An Ethical Framework for Long-term Care

Abstract: 1. Introduction Long-term care images Autonomy Autonomy and long-term care: the problem 2. The liberal theory of autonomy Pluralism, toleration, and neutrality The State and positive autonomy Some problems of positive autonomy Liberal principles in long-term care Nursing home admission practices The use of restraints The perils of liberal theory Communitarianism and the contextualist alternative Practical implications of the debate over the foundation of ethics Conflict and conversation The function of rights Limitation of rights Paternalism and the development of persons From paternalism to parentalism Summary 3. Long-term care: myth and reality Myths of old age Nursing homes Therapeutic relationships Concepts of illness and disease Models of care The concept of a practice Home care Summary 4. Actual autonomy Result-oriented theories Action-oriented theories The concrete view of persons Autonomy: a developmental perspective Narrative approaches Dependence in human development Sickness as dependence Autonomy and identification The paradox of development and problems of identification Implications for long-term care Summary 5. A phenomenological view of social action Sociality and the everyday world General Features of the social nature of persons Space Time Communication Affectivity Summary 6. Autonomy and long-term care: another look Social reality of Eastside Appeal to autonomy as independence A phenomenologically informed analysis Lessons from Eastside Conclusion Bibliography Index.