Bowling Green State University

About: Bowling Green State University is a education organization based out in Bowling Green, Ohio, United States. It is known for research contribution in the topics: Population & Poison control. The organization has 8315 authors who have published 16042 publications receiving 482564 citations. The organization is also known as: BGSU.

Paternal incarceration and trajectories of marijuana and other illegal drug use from adolescence into young adulthood: evidence from longitudinal panels of males and females in the United States

Abstract: Aims One‐eighth of young adults in the United States report that their biological father has ever been incarcerated (FEI). This study is the first to examine associations between FEI and trajectories of substance use during the transition from adolescence into young adulthood for the US population. Design Using multi‐level modeling techniques, trajectories of marijuana and other illegal drug use are examined, with FEI as the primary independent variable. Setting Data are from the first three waves of the National Longitudinal Study of Adolescent Health, a nationally representative sample of US adolescents beginning in 1995. Participants Panels of 7157 males and 7997 females followed from adolescence (7th–12th grades) into early adulthood (ages 18–27 years). Measurements Dependent variables included an ordinal measure of marijuana frequency of use in last thirty days, and a dichotomous measure for whether respondent had any use in the last thirty days of illegal drugs such crystal meth, cocaine, heroin, hallucinogens, PCP, LSD, speed, and ecstasy. Findings Among males and females, respectively, FEI is associated with an increased frequency of marijuana use, and increased odds of any other illegal drug use. Interactions between FEI and age further reveal that FEI is associated with an accentuated trajectory (i.e. a steeper slope) of marijuana use, and an elevated risk (i.e. higher mean level) of other illegal drug use. Conclusions Analysis provides some of the first evidence that paternal incarceration is significantly associated with drug use among U.S. males and females, even after controlling for a number of family background, parental, and individual characteristics.

Stress-induced alterations in hippocampal plasticity, place cells, and spatial memory.

Abstract: Acute, inescapable, and unpredictable stress can profoundly modify brain and cognition in humans and animals. The present study investigated the ensuing effects of 2-h variable "audiogenic" stress on three related levels of hippocampal functions in rats: long-term potentiation, place cell activity, and spatial memory. In agreement with prior findings, we observed that stress reduced the magnitude of Schaffer collateral/commissural-Cornu Ammonis field 1 long-term potentiation in vitro, and selectively impaired spatial memory on a hidden platform version of the Morris water maze task. We also observed that stress impaired the stability of firing rates (but not firing locations) of place cells recorded from dorsal Cornu Ammonis field 1 in rats foraging freely on a novel open-field platform located in a familiar surrounding room. These findings suggest that stress-induced modifications in synaptic plasticity may prevent the storage of stable "rate maps" by hippocampal place cells, which in turn may contribute to spatial memory impairments associated with stress.

Distinguishing the effects of B2B information quality, system quality, and service outcome quality on trust and distrust

Abstract: Successful business-to-business (B2B) data exchanges can help firms improve inter-organizational cooperation and operational practices, thereby increasing competitive advantage. However, data exchange quality and trust are not assured. Further, although researchers have examined how trust in the exchange partner relates to data exchange system success, both trust and distrust may be important to consider. Using two-factor theory and trust theory, we examine the differential impacts of information quality, system quality, and service outcome quality on trusting and distrusting beliefs. We also study whether trusting and distrusting beliefs have differential influences on relationship commitment and perceived risk. Results from a laboratory experiment show that information quality, a process (i.e., motivating) factor, more strongly influences trusting beliefs than distrusting beliefs, whereas service outcome quality, an outcome (i.e., hygiene) factor, more strongly influences distrusting beliefs. Also, while trusting beliefs has a significantly stronger influence on relationship commitment, trusting and distrusting beliefs have equivalent effects on perceived risk. Implications and ways to expand this research are discussed.

Information quality, trust, and risk perceptions in electronic data exchanges

Abstract: This study investigates the influence of information quality, trust and risk perceptions on the expected transaction performance of inter-organizational data exchanges and on the user intent to continue using the exchange. This study provides empirical evidence on the distinctive influences of information quality on competence-trust, goodwill-trust, exchange-risk and relationship-risk and how these different dimensions influence the intent to use inter-organizational data exchanges. As the performance of a data exchange may vary according to degree of successful completion of a specific transaction on the spot, this study also examines the extent to which expected transaction performance affects the model relationships. A survey is conducted to collect data from 221 business professionals. The study's hypothesized relationships are in general supported by the data and the resulting structural model proved to adequately represent the construct relationships. While these findings contribute to information system design theory, they also benefit professionals by providing insights as to how organizations can deal with the different types of uncertainties related to participating in electronic data exchanges. In addition, these findings help demonstrate the importance of interventions in the design of electronic data exchanges and the benefits expected by enhancing information quality in those settings. Highlights? Influence of information quality on the intent to use inter-organizational exchanges ? Evidence on how information quality affects trust and risk in I-O exchanges ? We examine mechanisms of competence-trust and goodwill-trust. ? We examine mechanisms of performance-risk and exchange-risk in data exchanges. ? We examine mediation influence of transaction performance, novel in the model.

Size-Induced Metal to Semiconductor Transition in a Stabilized Gold Cluster Ensemble

Abstract: A size-induced transition from a positive to a negative temperature coefficient of electrical conductivity is displayed by thin films of a series of six dodecanethiol-stabilized gold cluster complexes with the gold core diameter progressively increasing from 1.7 to 7.2 nm. The size of the gold core may influence both its intrinsic conductivity and the charging energy barrier for tunneling to an adjacent monolayer-encapsulated cluster.