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Institution

Brown University

EducationProvidence, Rhode Island, United States
About: Brown University is a education organization based out in Providence, Rhode Island, United States. It is known for research contribution in the topics: Population & Poison control. The organization has 35778 authors who have published 90896 publications receiving 4471489 citations. The organization is also known as: brown.edu & Brown.


Papers
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Journal ArticleDOI
25 Jun 1997-JAMA
TL;DR: Accumulating data from clinical and pathogenesis studies continue to support early institution of potent antiretroviral therapy in patients with HIV infection, and increased complexity in HIV management requires ongoing monitoring of new data for optimal treatment of HIV infection.
Abstract: Objective. —To provide current recommendations for antiretroviral therapy for human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) disease. Participants. —The original International AIDS Society—USA 13-member panel representing international expertise in antiretroviral research and care of patients with HIV infection. Evidence. —The following were considered: Newly available clinical and basic science study results, including phase 3 controlled trials; clinical, virological, and immunologic end-point data; interim analyses of studies presented at national and international research conferences; studies of HIV pathophysiology; and expert opinions of panel members. Recommendations were limited to the drugs available in mid 1997. Process. —The full panel met on a regular basis (July 1996, September 1996, November 1996, January 1997, and April 1997) since the publication of its initial recommendations in mid 1996 to review new research reports and interim results. The panel discussed whether and how new information changed its initial recommendations. The recommendations contained herein were determined by group consensus. Conclusions. —New data have provided a stronger rationale for earlier initiation of more aggressive therapy than previously recommended and reinforce the importance of careful selection of initial drug regimen for each patient for optimal long-term clinical benefit and adherence. The plasma viral load is a crucial element of clinical management for assessing prognosis and the effectiveness of therapy, and such testing must be done properly. Treatment failure is most readily indicated by a rising plasma HIV RNA level and should be confirmed prior to a change of treatment. Therapeutic approaches must be updated as new data, particularly on the long-term clinical effect of aggressive antiretroviral treatment, continue to emerge.

1,317 citations

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: A combination of techniques from cell biology, biophysics, physical chemistry, structural biology, and bioinformatics are starting to help establish the molecular principles of an emerging field, thus paving the way for exciting discoveries, including novel therapeutic approaches for the treatment of age-related disorders.

1,317 citations

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: In this paper, a double-blind, placebo-controlled trial involving pregnant women with a documented history of spontaneous preterm delivery was conducted, where women were enrolled at 19 clinical centers at 16 to 20 weeks of gestation.
Abstract: Background Women who have had a spontaneous preterm delivery are at greatly increased risk for preterm delivery in subsequent pregnancies. The results of several small trials have suggested that 17 alpha-hydroxyprogesterone caproate (17P) may reduce the risk of preterm delivery. Methods We conducted a double-blind, placebo-controlled trial involving pregnant women with a documented history of spontaneous preterm delivery. Women were enrolled at 19 clinical centers at 16 to 20 weeks of gestation and randomly assigned by a central data center, in a 2:1 ratio, to receive either weekly injections of 250 mg of 17P or weekly injections of an inert oil placebo; injections were continued until delivery or to 36 weeks of gestation. The primary outcome was preterm delivery before 37 weeks of gestation. Analysis was performed according to the intention-to-treat principle. Results Base-line characteristics of the 310 women in the progesterone group and the 153 women in the placebo group were similar. Treatment with 1...

1,314 citations

Journal ArticleDOI
14 Mar 2002-Nature
TL;DR: In this paper, the activity from a few motor cortex neurons can be decoded into a signal that a monkey is able to use immediately to move a computer cursor to any new position in its workspace.
Abstract: Hands-free operation of a cursor can be achieved by a few neurons in the motor cortex. The activity of motor cortex (MI) neurons conveys movement intent sufficiently well to be used as a control signal to operate artificial devices1,2,3, but until now this has called for extensive training or has been confined to a limited movement repertoire2,3. Here we show how activity from a few (7–30) MI neurons can be decoded into a signal that a monkey is able to use immediately to move a computer cursor to any new position in its workspace (14° × 14° visual angle). Our results, which are based on recordings made by an electrode array that is suitable for human use4,5, indicate that neurally based control of movement may eventually be feasible in paralysed humans.

1,314 citations

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: This explanatory document aims to facilitate the use, understanding, and dissemination of the checklist and contains a clarification of the meaning, rationale, and optimal use of each item on the checklist.
Abstract: The quality of reporting of studies of diagnostic accuracy is less than optimal. Complete and accurate reporting is necessary to enable readers to assess the potential for bias in the study and to evaluate the generalisability of the results. A group of scientists and editors has developed the STARD (Standards for Reporting of Diagnostic Accuracy) statement to improve the reporting the quality of reporting of studies of diagnostic accuracy. The statement consists of a checklist of 25 items and flow diagram that authors can use to ensure that all relevant information is present. This explanatory document aims to facilitate the use, understanding and dissemination of the checklist. The document contains a clarification of the meaning, rationale and optimal use of each item on the checklist, as well as a short summary of the available evidence on bias and applicability. The STARD statement, checklist, flowchart and this explanation and elaboration document should be useful resources to improve reporting of diagnostic accuracy studies. Complete and informative reporting can only lead to better decisions in healthcare.

1,309 citations


Authors

Showing all 36143 results

NameH-indexPapersCitations
Walter C. Willett3342399413322
Robert Langer2812324326306
Robert M. Califf1961561167961
Eric J. Topol1931373151025
Joan Massagué189408149951
Joseph Biederman1791012117440
Gonçalo R. Abecasis179595230323
James F. Sallis169825144836
Steven N. Blair165879132929
Charles M. Lieber165521132811
J. S. Lange1602083145919
Christopher J. O'Donnell159869126278
Charles M. Perou156573202951
David J. Mooney15669594172
Richard J. Davidson15660291414
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Performance
Metrics
No. of papers from the Institution in previous years
YearPapers
2023126
2022591
20215,549
20205,321
20194,806
20184,462