Institution
Brown University
Education•Providence, Rhode Island, United States•
About: Brown University is a education organization based out in Providence, Rhode Island, United States. It is known for research contribution in the topics: Population & Poison control. The organization has 35778 authors who have published 90896 publications receiving 4471489 citations. The organization is also known as: brown.edu & Brown.
Papers published on a yearly basis
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TL;DR: In this paper, the authors apply elements of the drug delivery paradigm to nanosilver dissolution and present a systematic study of chemical concepts for controlled release, where the particle contains a concentrated inventory of an active species, the ion, which is transported to and released near biological target sites.
Abstract: Major pathways in the antibacterial activity and eukaryotic toxicity of nanosilver involve the silver cation and its soluble complexes, which are well established thiol toxicants. Through these pathways, nanosilver behaves in analogy to a drug delivery system, in which the particle contains a concentrated inventory of an active species, the ion, which is transported to and released near biological target sites. Although the importance of silver ion in the biological response to nanosilver is widely recognized, the drug delivery paradigm has not been well developed for this system, and there is significant potential to improve nanosilver technologies through controlled release formulations. This article applies elements of the drug delivery paradigm to nanosilver dissolution and presents a systematic study of chemical concepts for controlled release. After presenting thermodynamic calculations of silver species partitioning in biological media, the rates of oxidative silver dissolution are measured for nan...
990 citations
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TL;DR: Data support involvement of a biological factor in the adolescent phase preference delay and indicate that the current understanding of adolescent sleep patterns may need revision.
Abstract: Many teenagers go to bed and wake up significantly later than younger children, a developmental progression thought to reflect adolescent psychosocial processes. To determine whether biological processes may underlie a delay of phase preference in adolescents, 183 sixth-grade boys and 275 sixth-grade girls completed questionnaires for morningness/eveningness (M/E) and pubertal status. School environment and birth order were also evaluated. A significant relationship of pubertal status to M/E was found in girls, with a similar though nonsignificant trend in boys. No relationship between M/E and psychosocial factors was found. These data support involvement of a biological factor in the adolescent phase preference delay and indicate that our current understanding of adolescent sleep patterns may need revision.
987 citations
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TL;DR: In this article, a new paradigm of learning partial differential equations from small data is presented, which is essentially data-efficient learning machines capable of leveraging the underlying laws of physics, expressed by time dependent and nonlinear partial differential equation, to extract patterns from high-dimensional data generated from experiments.
986 citations
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01 Jan 1991TL;DR: Hypertext Goerge Landow explores what is at once a radically new information technology, a revolutionary mode of publicaiton, and a highly interactive form of electronic text.
Abstract: George Landow's "Hypertext" brought together the worlds of literary theory and computer technology to explore the implications of giving readers instant, easy access to a virtual library of sources as well as unprecedented control of what and how they read. In hypermedia, Landow saw a strikingly literal embodiment of many major points of contemporary literary theory, particularly Derrida's idea of "de-centring" and Barthe's conception of the "readerly" versus "writerly" text. In this second edition, Landow shifts the focus from Intermedia to Microcosm, Storyspace and the World Wide Web. He offers new, specific information about kinds of hypertext, different modes of linking, attitudes towards technology, and the proliferation of pornography on the Internet. He also comments extensively on the rhetoric and style of writing in and with hypermedia.
986 citations
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National Institutes of Health1, University of Washington2, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention3, University of Massachusetts Medical School4, University of Wisconsin-Madison5, Brown University6, Harvard University7, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center8, Sharp Memorial Hospital9, Columbia University10, University of Minnesota11, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill12, Boston Children's Hospital13
TL;DR: The recommended preventive strategies with the strongest supportive evidence are education and training of healthcare providers who insert and maintain catheters, and maximal sterile barrier precautions during central venous catheter insertion, which can reduce the risk for serious catheter-related infection.
Abstract: Background:Although many catheter-related blood-stream infections (CRBSIs) are preventable, measures to reduce these infections are not uniformly implementedObjective:To update an existing evidenced-based guideline that promotes strategies to prevent CRBSIsData Sources:The MEDLINE database, conference proceedings, and bibliographies of review articles and book chapters were searched for relevant articlesStudies Included:Laboratory-based studies, controlled clinical trials, prospective interventional trials, and epidemiologic investigationsOutcome Measures:Reduction in CRBSI, catheter colonization, or catheter-related infectionSynthesis:The recommended preventive strategies with the strongest supportive evidence are education and training of healthcare providers who insert and maintain catheters; maximal sterile barrier precautions during central venous catheter insertion; use of a 2% chlorhexidine preparation for skin antisepsis; no routine replacement of central venous catheters for prevention of infection; and use of antiseptic/antibiotic-impregnated short-term central venous catheters if the rate of infection is high despite adherence to other strategies (ie, education and training, maximal sterile barrier precautions, and 2% chlorhexidine for skin antisepsis)Conclusion:Successful implementation of these evidence-based interventions can reduce the risk for serious catheter-related infection
985 citations
Authors
Showing all 36143 results
Name | H-index | Papers | Citations |
---|---|---|---|
Walter C. Willett | 334 | 2399 | 413322 |
Robert Langer | 281 | 2324 | 326306 |
Robert M. Califf | 196 | 1561 | 167961 |
Eric J. Topol | 193 | 1373 | 151025 |
Joan Massagué | 189 | 408 | 149951 |
Joseph Biederman | 179 | 1012 | 117440 |
Gonçalo R. Abecasis | 179 | 595 | 230323 |
James F. Sallis | 169 | 825 | 144836 |
Steven N. Blair | 165 | 879 | 132929 |
Charles M. Lieber | 165 | 521 | 132811 |
J. S. Lange | 160 | 2083 | 145919 |
Christopher J. O'Donnell | 159 | 869 | 126278 |
Charles M. Perou | 156 | 573 | 202951 |
David J. Mooney | 156 | 695 | 94172 |
Richard J. Davidson | 156 | 602 | 91414 |