Showing papers by "Bulgarian Academy of Sciences published in 2017"
TL;DR: A fully-fledged particle-flow reconstruction algorithm tuned to the CMS detector was developed and has been consistently used in physics analyses for the first time at a hadron collider as mentioned in this paper.
Abstract: The CMS apparatus was identified, a few years before the start of the LHC operation at CERN, to feature properties well suited to particle-flow (PF) reconstruction: a highly-segmented tracker, a fine-grained electromagnetic calorimeter, a hermetic hadron calorimeter, a strong magnetic field, and an excellent muon spectrometer. A fully-fledged PF reconstruction algorithm tuned to the CMS detector was therefore developed and has been consistently used in physics analyses for the first time at a hadron collider. For each collision, the comprehensive list of final-state particles identified and reconstructed by the algorithm provides a global event description that leads to unprecedented CMS performance for jet and hadronic τ decay reconstruction, missing transverse momentum determination, and electron and muon identification. This approach also allows particles from pileup interactions to be identified and enables efficient pileup mitigation methods. The data collected by CMS at a centre-of-mass energy of 8\TeV show excellent agreement with the simulation and confirm the superior PF performance at least up to an average of 20 pileup interactions.
719 citations
U. Bhawandeep1, Vardan Khachatryan, Albert M. Sirunyan, Armen Tumasyan +2289 more•Institutions (147)
TL;DR: In this paper, the trigger system consists of two levels designed to select events of potential physics interest from a GHz (MHz) interaction rate of proton-proton (heavy ion) collisions.
Abstract: This paper describes the CMS trigger system and its performance during Run 1 of the LHC. The trigger system consists of two levels designed to select events of potential physics interest from a GHz (MHz) interaction rate of proton-proton (heavy ion) collisions. The first level of the trigger is implemented in hardware, and selects events containing detector signals consistent with an electron, photon, muon, tau lepton, jet, or missing transverse energy. A programmable menu of up to 128 object-based algorithms is used to select events for subsequent processing. The trigger thresholds are adjusted to the LHC instantaneous luminosity during data taking in order to restrict the output rate to 100 kHz, the upper limit imposed by the CMS readout electronics. The second level, implemented in software, further refines the purity of the output stream, selecting an average rate of 400 Hz for offline event storage. The objectives, strategy and performance of the trigger system during the LHC Run 1 are described.
532 citations
University of Porto1, International Union for Conservation of Nature and Natural Resources2, University of Minho3, Technische Universität München4, University of Cambridge5, Spanish National Research Council6, Russian Academy of Sciences7, Buffalo State College8, Ghent University9, Czech University of Life Sciences Prague10, Mehmet Akif Ersoy University11, University of Zagreb12, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens13, University of Santiago de Compostela14, Swedish Museum of Natural History15, University of Belgrade16, American Museum of Natural History17, University of Latvia18, Mustafa Kemal University19, University of Kragujevac20, University of Jyväskylä21, Bulgarian Academy of Sciences22, University of Trás-os-Montes and Alto Douro23, Polish Academy of Sciences24
TL;DR: Greater international cooperation using standardized protocols and methods to monitor and manage European freshwater mussel diversity will not only help conserve this vulnerable group but also, through the protection of these important organisms, will offer wider benefits to freshwater ecosystems.
Abstract: Freshwater mussels of the Order Unionida provide important ecosystem functions and services, yet many of their populations are in decline. We comprehensively review the status of the 16 currently recognized species in Europe, collating for the first time their life-history traits, distribution, conservation status, habitat preferences, and main threats in order to suggest future management actions. In northern, central, and eastern Europe, a relatively homogeneous species composition is found in most basins. In southern Europe, despite the lower species richness, spatially restricted species make these basins a high conservation priority. Information on freshwater mussels in Europe is unevenly distributed with considerable differences in data quality and quantity among countries and species. To make conservation more effective in the future, we suggest greater international cooperation using standardized protocols and methods to monitor and manage European freshwater mussel diversity. Such an approach will not only help conserve this vulnerable group but also, through the protection of these important organisms, will offer wider benefits to freshwater ecosystems.
378 citations
TL;DR: In this article, a search for new resonant and non-resonant high-mass phenomena in dielectron and dimuon fi nal states was conducted using 36 : 1 fb(-1) of proton-proton collision data.
Abstract: A search is conducted for new resonant and non-resonant high-mass phenomena in dielectron and dimuon fi nal states. The search uses 36 : 1 fb(-1) of proton-proton collision data, collected at root ...
329 citations
TL;DR: In this paper, the Higgs boson mass was measured in the H → ZZ → 4l (l = e, μ) decay channel and the signal strength modifiers for individual Higgs production modes were also measured.
Abstract: Properties of the Higgs boson are measured in the H → ZZ → 4l (l = e, μ) decay channel. A data sample of proton-proton collisions at $ \sqrt{s}=13 $ TeV, collected with the CMS detector at the LHC and corresponding to an integrated luminosity of 35.9 fb$^{−1}$ is used. The signal strength modifier μ, defined as the ratio of the observed Higgs boson rate in the H → ZZ → 4l decay channel to the standard model expectation, is measured to be μ = 1.05$_{− 0.17}^{+ 0.19}$ at m$_{H}$ = 125.09 GeV, the combined ATLAS and CMS measurement of the Higgs boson mass. The signal strength modifiers for the individual Higgs boson production modes are also measured. The cross section in the fiducial phase space defined by the requirements on lepton kinematics and event topology is measured to be 2. 92$_{− 0.44}^{+ 0.48}$ (stat)$_{− 0.24}^{+ 0.28}$ (syst)fb, which is compatible with the standard model prediction of 2.76 ± 0.14 fb. Differential cross sections are reported as a function of the transverse momentum of the Higgs boson, the number of associated jets, and the transverse momentum of the leading associated jet. The Higgs boson mass is measured to be m$_{H}$ = 125.26 ± 0.21 GeV and the width is constrained using the on-shell invariant mass distribution to be Γ$_{H}$ < 1.10 GeV, at 95% confidence level.
290 citations
Vardan Khachatryan, Albert M. Sirunyan, Armen Tumasyan, Wolfgang Adam1 +2273 more•Institutions (154)
TL;DR: In this article, the second-order and third-order azimuthal anisotropy harmonics of unidentified charged particles, as well as v2v2 of View the MathML sourceKS0 and ViewTheMathML sourceΛ/Λ ǫ particles, are extracted from long-range two-particle correlations as functions of particle multiplicity and transverse momentum.
288 citations
TL;DR: In this paper, Dijet events are studied in the proton-proton collision dataset recorded at root s = 13 TeV with the ATLAS detector at the Large Hadron Collider in 2015 and 2016.
Abstract: Dijet events are studied in the proton-proton collision dataset recorded at root s = 13 TeV with the ATLAS detector at the Large Hadron Collider in 2015 and 2016, corresponding to integrated lumino ...
248 citations
TL;DR: In this article, the authors present a counting of microstates of a class of dyonic BPS black holes in AdS4 which precisely reproduces their Bekenstein-Hawking entropy.
208 citations
TL;DR: In this paper, an extended overview of the ash contents and ash-forming elements of biomass and their significance for solid biofuel combustion was conducted based on reference peer-reviewed data plus own investigations.
208 citations
TL;DR: A meta-analysis of all studies assessing risk of prevalence and incidence of diabetes found a high risk of diabetes incidence for cadmium exposure, which was higher for studies using urine as exposure assessment.
183 citations
TL;DR: In this paper, it was shown that the Bekenstein-Hawking entropy of a class of BPS electrically charged rotating black holes in AdS5 × S 5 can be obtained by a simple extremization principle.
Abstract: We show that the Bekenstein-Hawking entropy of a class of BPS electrically charged rotating black holes in AdS5 × S
5 can be obtained by a simple extremization principle. We expect that this extremization corresponds to the attractor mechanism for BPS rotating black holes in five-dimensional gauged supergravity, which is still unknown. The expression to be extremized has a suggestive resemblance to anomaly polynomials and the supersymmetric Casimir energy recently studied for $$ \mathcal{N}=4 $$
super Yang-Mills.
TL;DR: The PREDICTS project as discussed by the authors provides a large, reasonably representative database of comparable samples of biodiversity from multiple sites that differ in the nature or intensity of human impacts relating to land use.
Abstract: The PREDICTS project—Projecting Responses of Ecological Diversity In Changing Terrestrial Systems (www.predicts.org.uk)—has collated from published studies a large, reasonably representative database of comparable samples of biodiversity from multiple sites that differ in the nature or intensity of human impacts relating to land use. We have used this evidence base to develop global and regional statistical models of how local biodiversity responds to these measures. We describe and make freely available this 2016 release of the database, containing more than 3.2 million records sampled at over 26,000 locations and representing over 47,000 species. We outline how the database can help in answering a range of questions in ecology and conservation biology. To our knowledge, this is the largest and most geographically and taxonomically representative database of spatial comparisons of biodiversity that has been collated to date; it will be useful to researchers and international efforts wishing to model and understand the global status of biodiversity.
TL;DR: Ab initio ligand field theory (AILFT) as discussed by the authors allows one to unambiguously extract all ligand fields parameters from relatively straightforward multi-reference ab initio calculations, and applies to mononuclear complexes in d n or f n configurations.
University of Pretoria1, Murdoch University2, Royal Botanic Gardens3, Rovira i Virgili University4, Spanish National Research Council5, Moscow State University6, Federal University of Rio Grande do Norte7, Federal University of Pernambuco8, University of Illinois at Urbana–Champaign9, Pontificia Universidad Católica del Ecuador10, Universidade Federal de Viçosa11, Universidade Federal Rural de Pernambuco12, University of Otago13, Universidade Federal do Recôncavo da Bahia14, National Institute of Amazonian Research15, University of Córdoba (Spain)16, Federal University of Bahia17, State University of Feira de Santana18, Université catholique de Louvain19, Ghent University20, Sofia University21, La Trobe University22, Russian Academy of Sciences23, Federal University of Uberlandia24, Bulgarian Academy of Sciences25, National Museum of Natural History26, Charles University in Prague27, Slovak Academy of Sciences28, Naresuan University29, Biotec30, Instituto Antártico Argentino31, Savitribai Phule Pune University32, Kyoto University33, United States Department of Agriculture34, King Juan Carlos University35, DuPont36, Chinese Academy of Sciences37
TL;DR: Novel species of fungi described in this study include those from various countries as follows: Antarctica: Cadophora antarctica from soil.
Abstract: Novel species of fungi described in this study include those from various countries as follows: Antarctica: Cadophora antarctica from soil. Australia: Alfaria dandenongensis on Cyperaceae, Amphosoma persooniae on Persoonia sp., Anungitea nullicana on Eucalyptus sp., Bagadiella eucalypti on Eucalyptus globulus, Castanediella eucalyptigena on Eucalyptus sp., Cercospora dianellicola on Dianella sp., Cladoriella kinglakensis on Eucalyptus regnans, Cladoriella xanthorrhoeae (incl. Cladoriellaceae fam. nov. and Cladoriellales ord. nov.) on Xanthorrhoea sp., Cochlearomyces eucalypti (incl. Cochlearomyces gen. nov. and Cochlearomycetaceae fam. nov.) on Eucalyptus obliqua, Codinaea lambertiae on Lambertia formosa, Diaporthe obtusifoliae on Acacia obtusifolia, Didymella acaciae on Acacia melanoxylon, Dothidea eucalypti on Eucalyptus dalrympleana, Fitzroyomyces cyperi (incl. Fitzroyomyces gen. nov.) on Cyperaceae, Murramarangomyces corymbiae (incl. Murramarangomyces gen. nov., Murramarangomycetaceae fam. nov. and Murramarangomycetales ord. nov.) on Corymbia maculata, Neoanungitea eucalypti (incl. Neoanungitea gen. nov.) on Eucalyptus obliqua, Neoconiothyrium persooniae (incl. Neoconiothyrium gen. nov.) on Persoonia laurina subsp. laurina, Neocrinula lambertiae (incl. Neocrinulaceae fam. nov.) on Lambertia sp., Ochroconis podocarpi on Podocarpus grayae, Paraphysalospora eucalypti (incl. Paraphysalospora gen. nov.) on Eucalyptus sieberi, Pararamichloridium livistonae (incl. Pararamichloridium gen. nov., Pararamichloridiaceae fam. nov. and Pararamichloridiales ord. nov.) on Livistona sp., Pestalotiopsis dianellae on Dianella sp., Phaeosphaeria gahniae on Gahnia aspera, Phlogicylindrium tereticornis on Eucalyptus tereticornis, Pleopassalora acaciae on Acacia obliquinervia, Pseudodactylaria xanthorrhoeae (incl. Pseudodactylaria gen. nov., Pseudodactylariaceae fam. nov. and Pseudodactylariales ord. nov.) on Xanthorrhoea sp., Pseudosporidesmium lambertiae (incl. Pseudosporidesmiaceae fam. nov.) on Lambertia formosa, Saccharata acaciae on Acacia sp., Saccharata epacridis on Epacris sp., Saccharata hakeigena on Hakea sericea, Seiridium persooniae on Persoonia sp., Semifissispora tooloomensis on Eucalyptus dunnii, Stagonospora lomandrae on Lomandra longifolia, Stagonospora victoriana on Poaceae, Subramaniomyces podocarpi on Podocarpus elatus, Sympoventuria melaleucae on Melaleuca sp., Sympoventuria regnans on Eucalyptus regnans, Trichomerium eucalypti on Eucalyptus tereticornis, Vermiculariopsiella eucalypticola on Eucalyptus dalrympleana, Verrucoconiothyrium acaciae on Acacia falciformis, Xenopassalora petrophiles (incl. Xenopassalora gen. nov.) on Petrophile sp., Zasmidium dasypogonis on Dasypogon sp., Zasmidium gahniicola on Gahnia sieberiana. Brazil: Achaetomium lippiae on Lippia gracilis, Cyathus isometricus on decaying wood, Geastrum caririense on soil, Lycoperdon demoulinii (incl. Lycoperdon subg. Arenicola) on soil, Megatomentella cristata (incl. Megatomentella gen. nov.) on unidentified plant, Mutinus verrucosus on soil, Paraopeba schefflerae (incl. Paraopeba gen. nov.) on Schefflera morototoni, Phyllosticta catimbauensis on Mandevilla catimbauensis, Pseudocercospora angularis on Prunus persica, Pseudophialophora sorghi on Sorghum bicolor, Spumula piptadeniae on Piptadenia paniculata. Bulgaria: Yarrowia parophonii from gut of Parophonus hirsutulus. Croatia: Pyrenopeziza velebitica on Lonicera borbasiana. Cyprus: Peziza halophila on coastal dunes. Czech Republic: Aspergillus contaminans from human fingernail. Ecuador: Cuphophyllus yacurensis on forest soil, Ganoderma podocarpense on fallen tree trunk. England: Pilidium anglicum (incl. Chaetomellales ord. nov.) on Eucalyptus sp. France: Planamyces parisiensis (incl. Planamyces gen. nov.) on wood inside a house. French Guiana: Lactifluus ceraceus on soil. Germany: Talaromyces musae on Musa sp. India: Hyalocladosporiella cannae on Canna indica, Nothophoma raii from soil. Italy: Setophaeosphaeria citri on Citrus reticulata, Yuccamyces citri on Citrus limon. Japan: Glutinomyces brunneus (incl. Glutinomyces gen. nov.) from roots of Quercus sp. Netherlands (all from soil): Collariella hilkhuijsenii, Fusarium petersiae, Gamsia kooimaniorum, Paracremonium binnewijzendii, Phaeoisaria annesophieae, Plectosphaerella niemeijerarum, Striaticonidium deklijnearum, Talaromyces annesophieae, Umbelopsis wiegerinckiae, Vandijckella johannae (incl. Vandijckella gen. nov. and Vandijckellaceae fam. nov.), Verhulstia trisororum (incl. Verhulstia gen. nov.). New Zealand: Lasiosphaeria similisorbina on decorticated wood. Papua New Guinea: Pseudosubramaniomyces gen. nov. (based on Pseudosubramaniomyces fusisaprophyticus comb. nov.). Slovakia: Hemileucoglossum pusillum on soil. South Africa: Tygervalleyomyces podocarpi (incl. Tygervalleyomyces gen. nov.) on Podocarpus falcatus. Spain: Coniella heterospora from herbivorous dung, Hymenochaete macrochloae on Macrochloa tenacissima, Ramaria cistophila on shrubland of Cistus ladanifer. Thailand: Polycephalomyces phaothaiensis on Coleoptera larvae, buried in soil. Uruguay: Penicillium uruguayense from soil. Vietnam: Entoloma nigrovelutinum on forest soil, Volvariella morozovae on wood of unknown tree. Morphological and culture characteristics along with DNA barcodes are provided.
TL;DR: In this article, the potential of reactive blue dye 5G (RB5G) adsorption by polymeric adsorbent Dowex Optipore SD-2 (DOSD-2) in closed batch system was assessed by both experimental data and mathematical modeling of kinetics, equilibrium and thermodynamics.
TL;DR: The data is summarized for the role of oxidative stress and inflammation in OA pathology and how these two processes are integrated during OA progression, as well as their contribution to abnormalities in cartilage/bone metabolism and integrity.
Abstract: Osteoarthritis (OA) is an age-related joint degenerative disease associated with pain, joint deformity, and disability. The disease starts with cartilage damage but then progressively involves subchondral bone, causing an imbalance between osteoclast-driven bone resorption and osteoblast-driven remodeling. Here, we summarize the data for the role of oxidative stress and inflammation in OA pathology and discuss how these two processes are integrated during OA progression, as well as their contribution to abnormalities in cartilage/bone metabolism and integrity. At the cellular level, oxidative stress and inflammation are counteracted by transcription factor nuclear factor erythroid p45-related factor 2 (NRF2), and we describe the regulation of NRF2, highlighting its role in OA pathology. We also discuss the beneficial effect of some phytonutrients, including the therapeutic potential of NRF2 activation, in OA.
TL;DR: In this paper, the Bekenstein-Hawking entropy for a class of BPS black holes in the massive type IIA supergravity background AdS(4) x S-6 from a microscopic counting of supersymmetric ground states in a...
Abstract: We derive the Bekenstein-Hawking entropy for a class of BPS black holes in the massive type IIA supergravity background AdS(4) x S-6 from a microscopic counting of supersymmetric ground states in a ...
Harvard University1, Max Planck Society2, Hungarian Academy of Sciences3, University College Dublin4, University of Ferrara5, University of Tübingen6, Broad Institute7, Emory University8, University of Florence9, Bulgarian Academy of Sciences10, Danube Private University11, Romanian Academy12, Centre national de la recherche scientifique13, Eötvös Loránd University14, Sofia University15, University of Oxford16, University of Wyoming17, Pennsylvania State University18, National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine19, Université de Montréal20, University of Bucharest21, Ludwig Maximilian University of Munich22, University of Edinburgh23, University of Wisconsin-Madison24, University of Palermo25, Croatian Academy of Sciences and Arts26, Naturhistorisches Museum27, Russian Academy of Sciences28, University of Toronto29, University of Latvia30, Durham University31, University of Hull32, Grand Valley State University33, Cardiff University34, University of Vienna35
TL;DR: It is shown that southeastern Europe continued to be a nexus between East and West, with intermittent steppe ancestry, including in individuals from the Varna I cemetery and associated with the Cucuteni-Trypillian archaeological complex, up to 2,000 years before the Steppe migration that replaced much of northern Europe’s population.
Abstract: Farming was first introduced to southeastern Europe in the mid-7th millennium BCE - brought by migrants from Anatolia who settled in the region before spreading throughout Europe. However, the dynamics of the interaction between the first farmers and the indigenous hunter-gatherers remain poorly understood because of the near absence of ancient DNA from the region. We report new genome-wide ancient DNA data from 204 individuals-65 Paleolithic and Mesolithic, 93 Neolithic, and 46 Copper, Bronze and Iron Age-who lived in southeastern Europe and surrounding regions between about 12,000 and 500 BCE. We document that the hunter-gatherer populations of southeastern Europe, the Baltic, and the North Pontic Steppe were distinctive from those of western Europe, with a West-East cline of ancestry. We show that the people who brought farming to Europe were not part of a single population, as early farmers from southern Greece are not descended from the Neolithic population of northwestern Anatolia that was ancestral to all other European farmers. The ancestors of the first farmers of northern and western Europe passed through southeastern Europe with limited admixture with local hunter-gatherers, but we show that some groups that remained in the region mixed extensively with local hunter-gatherers, with relatively sex-balanced admixture compared to the male-biased hunter-gatherer admixture that we show prevailed later in the North and West. After the spread of farming, southeastern Europe continued to be a nexus between East and West, with intermittent steppe ancestry, including in individuals from the Varna I cemetery and associated with the Cucuteni-Trypillian archaeological complex, up to 2,000 years before the Steppe migration that replaced much of northern Europe9s population.
INAF1, University of La Laguna2, Spanish National Research Council3, Pulkovo Observatory4, Bulgarian Academy of Sciences5, National Autonomous University of Mexico6, Sofia University7, Max Planck Society8, University of Southampton9, National Central University10, University of Bologna11, Saint Petersburg State University12, Harvard University13, Liverpool John Moores University14, Dublin Institute for Advanced Studies15, Boston University16, Fesenkov Astrophysical Institute17, Al-Farabi University18, Aalto University19, Tartu Observatory20, Osaka Kyoiku University21, University College Dublin22, Brigham Young University23, Technische Hochschule Mittelhessen24, University of Colorado Denver25, Lowell Observatory26, University of Arizona27
TL;DR: It is shown that the observed long-term trends of the flux and spectral variability are best explained by an inhomogeneous, curved jet that undergoes changes in orientation over time, and proposes that magnetohydrodynamic instabilities or rotation of the twisted jet cause different jet regions to change their orientation and hence their relative Doppler factors.
Abstract: Blazars are active galactic nuclei, which are powerful sources of radiation whose central engine is located in the core of the host galaxy. Blazar emission is dominated by non-thermal radiation from a jet that moves relativistically towards us, and therefore undergoes Doppler beaming. This beaming causes flux enhancement and contraction of the variability timescales, so that most blazars appear as luminous sources characterized by noticeable and fast changes in brightness at all frequencies. The mechanism that produces this unpredictable variability is under debate, but proposed mechanisms include injection, acceleration and cooling of particles, with possible intervention of shock waves or turbulence. Changes in the viewing angle of the observed emitting knots or jet regions have also been suggested as an explanation of flaring events and can also explain specific properties of blazar emission, such as intra-day variability, quasi-periodicity and the delay of radio flux variations relative to optical changes. Such a geometric interpretation, however, is not universally accepted because alternative explanations based on changes in physical conditions-such as the size and speed of the emitting zone, the magnetic field, the number of emitting particles and their energy distribution-can explain snapshots of the spectral behaviour of blazars in many cases. Here we report the results of optical-to-radio-wavelength monitoring of the blazar CTA 102 and show that the observed long-term trends of the flux and spectral variability are best explained by an inhomogeneous, curved jet that undergoes changes in orientation over time. We propose that magnetohydrodynamic instabilities or rotation of the twisted jet cause different jet regions to change their orientation and hence their relative Doppler factors. In particular, the extreme optical outburst of 2016-2017 (brightness increase of six magnitudes) occurred when the corresponding emitting region had a small viewing angle. The agreement between observations and theoretical predictions can be seen as further validation of the relativistic beaming theory.
TL;DR: It is argued that the systematic organization of knowledge into AOP frameworks can inform and help direct the design and development of computational prediction models that can further enhance the utility of mechanistic and in silico data for chemical safety assessment.
TL;DR: Genome-wide and high-density CRISPR-Cas9 “tag, mutate and enrich” mutagenesis screens identified single amino acid mutations in PARP1 that cause profound PARPi-resistance and suggest that interactions between non-DNA binding domains ofPARP1 influence cytotoxicity.
Abstract: PARP inhibitors (PARPi) target homologous recombination defective tumour cells via synthetic lethality. Genome-wide and high-density CRISPR-Cas9 "tag, mutate and enrich" mutagenesis screens identified single amino acid mutations in PARP1 that cause profound PARPi-resistance. These included PARP1 mutations outside of the DNA interacting regions of the protein, such as mutations in solvent exposed regions of the catalytic domain and clusters of mutations around points of contact between ZnF, WGR and HD domains. These mutations altered PARP1 trapping, as did a mutation found in a clinical case of PARPi resistance. These genetic studies reinforce the importance of trapped PARP1 as a key cytotoxic DNA lesion and suggest that interactions between non-DNA binding domains of PARP1 influence cytotoxicity. Finally, different mechanisms of PARPi resistance (BRCA1 reversion, PARP1, 53BP1, REV7 mutation) had differing effects on chemotherapy sensitivity, suggesting that the underlying mechanism of PARPi resistance likely influences the success of subsequent therapies.
Vardan Khachatryan, Albert M. Sirunyan, Armen Tumasyan, Wolfgang Adam1 +2294 more•Institutions (155)
TL;DR: In this article, the authors acknowledge the enduring support for the construction and operation of the LHC and the CMS detector provided by the following funding agencies: BMWFW and FWF (Austria); FNRS and FWO (Belgium); CNPq, CAPES, FAPERJ, and FAPESP (Brazil); MES (Bulgaria); CERN; CAS, MOST, and NSFC (China); COLCIEN-CIAS (Colombia); DAE and DST (India); IPM (Iran); S
TL;DR: In this article, a model for capillary filling of Bingham Plastic fluid was developed to probe the possible non-Newtonian behavior of diluted bitumen above the onset of asphaltenes precipitation.
TL;DR: In this article, a search for new phenomena is performed using events with jets and significant transverse momentum imbalance, as inferred through the $M_{\mathrm {T2}}$ variable.
Abstract: A search for new phenomena is performed using events with jets and significant transverse momentum imbalance, as inferred through the $M_{\mathrm {T2}}$ variable The results are based on a sample of proton–proton collisions collected in 2016 at a center-of-mass energy of 13 $\,\text {TeV}$ with the CMS detector and corresponding to an integrated luminosity of 359 $\,\text {fb}^\text {-1}$ No excess event yield is observed above the predicted standard model background, and the results are interpreted as exclusion limits at 95% confidence level on the masses of predicted particles in a variety of simplified models of R-parity conserving supersymmetry Depending on the details of the model, 95% confidence level lower limits on the gluino (light-flavor squark) masses are placed up to 2025 (1550) $\,\text {GeV}$ Mass limits as high as 1070 (1175) $\,\text {GeV}$ are set on the masses of top (bottom) squarks Information is provided to enable re-interpretation of these results, including model-independent limits on the number of non-standard model events for a set of simplified, inclusive search regions
TL;DR: In this article, a survey analyzes and measures the evolution that occurred during the last five decades in the light of books, journals and conferences dedicated to the theory and applications of fractional calculus, dealing with operations of integration and differentiation of arbitrary (fractional) order and their generalizations.
Abstract: Abstract Since the 60s of last century Fractional Calculus exhibited a remarkable progress and presently it is recognized to be an important topic in the scientific arena. This survey analyzes and measures the evolution that occurred during the last five decades in the light of books, journals and conferences dedicated to the theory and applications of this mathematical tool, dealing with operations of integration and differentiation of arbitrary (fractional) order and their generalizations.
TL;DR: Based on the completeness relation for the squared solutions of the Lax operator L, the authors showed that a subset of nonlocal equations from the hierarchy of nonlinear Schrodinger equations (NLS) is a completely integrable system.
Abstract: Based on the completeness relation for the squared solutions of the Lax operator L, we show that a subset of nonlocal equations from the hierarchy of nonlocal nonlinear Schrodinger equations (NLS) is a completely integrable system. The spectral properties of the Lax operator indicate that there are two types of soliton solutions. The relevant action-angle variables are parametrized by the scattering data of the Lax operator. The notion of the symplectic basis, which directly maps the variations of the potential of L to the variations of the action-angle variables has been generalized to the nonlocal case. We also show that the inverse scattering method can be viewed as a generalized Fourier transform. Using the trace identities and the symplectic basis, we construct the hierarchy Hamiltonian structures for the nonlocal NLS equations.
TL;DR: In this paper, the authors demonstrate a kinetic Monte Carlo simulation tool, based on published data using first-principles quantum mechanics, applied to answer the question: under which conditions of stress, temperature, and nominal hydrogen concentration does the presence of hydrogen in iron increase or decrease the screw dislocation velocity?
Abstract: We demonstrate a kinetic Monte Carlo simulation tool, based on published data using first-principles quantum mechanics, applied to answer the question: under which conditions of stress, temperature, and nominal hydrogen concentration does the presence of hydrogen in iron increase or decrease the screw dislocation velocity? Furthermore, we examine the conditions under which hydrogen-induced shear localization is likely to occur. Our simulations yield quantitative data on dislocation velocity and the ranges of hydrogen concentration within which a large gradient of velocity as a function of concentration is expected to be observed and thereby contribute to a self-perpetuating localization of plasticity---a phenomenon that has been linked to hydrogen-induced fracture and fatigue failure in ultrahigh strength steel. We predict the effect of hydrogen in generating debris made up of edge dipoles trailing in the wake of gliding screw dislocations and their role in pinning. We also simulate the competing effects of softening by enhanced kink-pair generation and hardening by solute pinning. Our simulations act as a bridge between first-principles quantum mechanics and discrete dislocation dynamics, and at the same time offer the prospect of a fully physics-based dislocation dynamics method.
04 Apr 2017
TL;DR: An initiative meant to bring about substantial progress in understanding, modelling and processing VMWEs is described, to elaborate universal terminologies and annotation guidelines for 18 languages and its main outcome is a multilingual 5-million-word annotated corpus which underlies a shared task on automatic identification of VMwes.
Abstract: Multiword expressions (MWEs) are known as a "pain in the neck" for NLP due to their idiosyncratic behaviour While some categories of MWEs have been addressed by many studies, verbal MWEs (VMWEs), such as to take a decision, to break one's heart or to turn off, have been rarely modelled This is notably due to their syntactic variability, which hinders treating them as " words with spaces " We describe an initiative meant to bring about substantial progress in understanding, modelling and processing VMWEs It is a joint effort, carried out within a European research network, to elaborate universal terminologies and annotation guidelines for 18 languages Its main outcome is a multilingual 5-million-word annotated corpus which underlies a shared task on automatic identification of VMWEs This paper presents the corpus annotation methodology and outcome, the shared task organisation and the results of the participating systems
Royal Belgian Institute of Natural Sciences1, Katholieke Universiteit Leuven2, Centre national de la recherche scientifique3, Paris Diderot University4, Ludwig Maximilian University of Munich5, Bulgarian Academy of Sciences6, Harvard University7, Max Planck Society8, Autonomous University of Madrid9, Free University of Berlin10, Romanian Academy of Sciences11, University of Groningen12, Lebanese University13, Central Queensland University14, University of York15, Armenian National Academy of Sciences16, University of Paris17, Istanbul University18, Polish Academy of Sciences19, Rice University20
TL;DR: Ancient DNA analysis of archaeological cat remains shows cats dispersed along trade routes from the Neolithic era onwards, while its gene pool shows admixture from multiple geographical sources and that the tabby allele originated in the Middle Ages.
Abstract: Ancient DNA analysis of archaeological cat remains shows cats dispersed along trade routes from the Neolithic era onwards, while its gene pool shows admixture from multiple geographical sources and that the tabby allele originated in the Middle Ages.
TL;DR: In this article, a search for the decay of the Standard Model Higgs boson into a b (b) over bar pair when produced in association with a W or Z boson is performed with the ATLAS detector.
Abstract: A search for the decay of the Standard Model Higgs boson into a b (b) over bar pair when produced in association with a W or Z boson is performed with the ATLAS detector. The analysed data, corresp ...