Institution
California Institute of Technology
Education•Pasadena, California, United States•
About: California Institute of Technology is a education organization based out in Pasadena, California, United States. It is known for research contribution in the topics: Galaxy & Population. The organization has 57649 authors who have published 146691 publications receiving 8620287 citations. The organization is also known as: Caltech & Cal Tech.
Topics: Galaxy, Population, Star formation, Redshift, Mars Exploration Program
Papers published on a yearly basis
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Bela Abolfathi1, D. S. Aguado2, Gabriela Aguilar3, Carlos Allende Prieto2 +361 more•Institutions (94)
TL;DR: SDSS-IV is the fourth generation of the Sloan Digital Sky Survey and has been in operation since 2014 July. as discussed by the authors describes the second data release from this phase, and the 14th from SDSS overall (making this Data Release Fourteen or DR14).
Abstract: The fourth generation of the Sloan Digital Sky Survey (SDSS-IV) has been in operation since 2014 July. This paper describes the second data release from this phase, and the 14th from SDSS overall (making this Data Release Fourteen or DR14). This release makes the data taken by SDSS-IV in its first two years of operation (2014-2016 July) public. Like all previous SDSS releases, DR14 is cumulative, including the most recent reductions and calibrations of all data taken by SDSS since the first phase began operations in 2000. New in DR14 is the first public release of data from the extended Baryon Oscillation Spectroscopic Survey; the first data from the second phase of the Apache Point Observatory (APO) Galactic Evolution Experiment (APOGEE-2), including stellar parameter estimates from an innovative data-driven machine-learning algorithm known as "The Cannon"; and almost twice as many data cubes from the Mapping Nearby Galaxies at APO (MaNGA) survey as were in the previous release (N = 2812 in total). This paper describes the location and format of the publicly available data from the SDSS-IV surveys. We provide references to the important technical papers describing how these data have been taken (both targeting and observation details) and processed for scientific use. The SDSS web site (www.sdss.org) has been updated for this release and provides links to data downloads, as well as tutorials and examples of data use. SDSS-IV is planning to continue to collect astronomical data until 2020 and will be followed by SDSS-V.
965 citations
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TL;DR: In this paper, the structure of the intense-vorticity regions is studied in numerically simulated homogeneous, isotropic, equilibrium turbulent flow fields at four different Reynolds numbers, in the range Re, = 35-170.
Abstract: The structure of the intense-vorticity regions is studied in numerically simulated homogeneous, isotropic, equilibrium turbulent flow fields at four different Reynolds numbers, in the range Re, = 35-170. In accordance with previous investigators this vorticity is found to be organized in coherent, cylindrical or ribbon-like, vortices (‘worms’). A statistical study suggests that they are simply especially intense features of the background, O(o’), vorticity. Their radii scale with the Kolmogorov microscale and their lengths with the integral scale of the flow. An interesting observation is that the Reynolds number y/v, based on the circulation of the intense vortices, increases monotonically with ReA, raising the question of the stability of the structures in the limit of Re, --z co. Conversely, the average rate of stretching of these vortices increases only slowly with their peak vorticity, suggesting that self-stretching is not important in their evolution. One- and two-dimensional statistics of vorticity and strain are presented; they are non-Gaussian and the behaviour of their tails depends strongly on the Reynolds number. There is no evidence of convergence to a limiting distribution in this range of Re,, even though the energy spectra and the energy dissipation rate show good asymptotic properties in the higher-Reynolds-number cases. Evidence is presented to show that worms are natural features of the flow and that they do not depend on the particular forcing scheme.
965 citations
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Columbia University1, Stanford University2, Clemson University3, Brookhaven National Laboratory4, IBM5, University of Notre Dame6, California Institute of Technology7, University of Alabama8, Technische Universität München9, United States Naval Research Laboratory10, Arizona State University11, University of Florida12, University of Minnesota13
TL;DR: The current status of basic electron transfer research, both theoretical and experimental, with emphasis on the distance-dependent measurements, was discussed in this article, where the authors attempted to integrate terminology and notation of solution electron-transfer kinetics with that of conductance analysis.
Abstract: This is the report of a DOE-sponsored workshop organized to discuss the status of our understanding of charge-transfer processes on the nanoscale and to identify research and other needs for progress in nanoscience and nanotechnology. The current status of basic electron-transfer research, both theoretical and experimental, is addressed, with emphasis on the distance-dependent measurements, and we have attempted to integrate terminology and notation of solution electron-transfer kinetics with that of conductance analysis. The interface between molecules or nanoparticles and bulk metals is examined, and new research tools that advance description and understanding of the interface are presented. The present state-of-the-art in molecular electronics efforts is summarized along with future research needs. Finally, novel strategies that exploit nanoscale architectures are presented for enhancing the efficiences of energy conversion based on photochemistry, catalysis, and electrocatalysis principles.
964 citations
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TL;DR: Optical observations of an exoplanet candidate, Fomalhaut b, show that the planet's mass is at most three times that of Jupiter; a higher mass would lead to gravitational disruption of the belt, matching predictions of its location.
Abstract: Fomalhaut is a bright star 7.7 parsecs (25 light years) from Earth that harbors a belt of cold dust with a structure consistent with gravitational sculpting by an orbiting planet. Here, we present optical observations of an exoplanet candidate, Fomalhaut b. In the plane of the belt, Fomalhaut b lies approximately 119 astronomical units (AU) from the star and 18 AU from the dust belt, matching predictions. We detect counterclockwise orbital motion using Hubble Space Telescope observations separated by 1.73 years. Dynamical models of the interaction between the planet and the belt indicate that the planet's mass is at most three times that of Jupiter for the belt to avoid gravitational disruption. The flux detected at 0.8 m is also consistent with that of a planet with mass no greater than a few times that of Jupiter. The brightness at 0.6 micron and the lack of detection at longer wavelengths suggest that the detected flux may include starlight reflected off a circumplanetary disk, with dimension comparable to the orbits of the Galilean satellites. We also observed variability of unknown origin at 0.6 micron.
964 citations
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University of New South Wales1, Oregon State University2, Braunschweig University of Technology3, University of California, San Diego4, Norwegian University of Life Sciences5, University of Liverpool6, Max Planck Society7, University of Tasmania8, University of Vermont9, ETH Zurich10, Stazione Zoologica Anton Dohrn11, Montana State University12, University of Amsterdam13, University of Southern California14, Pacific Northwest National Laboratory15, University of Hawaii at Manoa16, University of California, Berkeley17, Marine Biological Laboratory18, University of California, Irvine19, University of Georgia20, California Institute of Technology21, University of Edinburgh22, Ohio State University23, University of Sydney24, University of Alberta25, Georgia Institute of Technology26, University of Melbourne27, Australian Institute of Marine Science28, University of Texas Medical Branch29, University of Queensland30
TL;DR: This Consensus Statement documents the central role and global importance of microorganisms in climate change biology and puts humanity on notice that the impact of climate change will depend heavily on responses of micro organisms, which are essential for achieving an environmentally sustainable future.
Abstract: In the Anthropocene, in which we now live, climate change is impacting most life on Earth. Microorganisms support the existence of all higher trophic life forms. To understand how humans and other life forms on Earth (including those we are yet to discover) can withstand anthropogenic climate change, it is vital to incorporate knowledge of the microbial 'unseen majority'. We must learn not just how microorganisms affect climate change (including production and consumption of greenhouse gases) but also how they will be affected by climate change and other human activities. This Consensus Statement documents the central role and global importance of microorganisms in climate change biology. It also puts humanity on notice that the impact of climate change will depend heavily on responses of microorganisms, which are essential for achieving an environmentally sustainable future.
963 citations
Authors
Showing all 58155 results
Name | H-index | Papers | Citations |
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Eric S. Lander | 301 | 826 | 525976 |
Donald P. Schneider | 242 | 1622 | 263641 |
George M. Whitesides | 240 | 1739 | 269833 |
Yi Chen | 217 | 4342 | 293080 |
David Baltimore | 203 | 876 | 162955 |
Edward Witten | 202 | 602 | 204199 |
George Efstathiou | 187 | 637 | 156228 |
Michael A. Strauss | 185 | 1688 | 208506 |
Jing Wang | 184 | 4046 | 202769 |
Ruedi Aebersold | 182 | 879 | 141881 |
Douglas Scott | 178 | 1111 | 185229 |
Hyun-Chul Kim | 176 | 4076 | 183227 |
Phillip A. Sharp | 172 | 614 | 117126 |
Timothy M. Heckman | 170 | 754 | 141237 |
Zhenan Bao | 169 | 865 | 106571 |