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Institution

California Institute of Technology

EducationPasadena, California, United States
About: California Institute of Technology is a education organization based out in Pasadena, California, United States. It is known for research contribution in the topics: Galaxy & Population. The organization has 57649 authors who have published 146691 publications receiving 8620287 citations. The organization is also known as: Caltech & Cal Tech.


Papers
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Journal ArticleDOI
18 Nov 2011-Science
TL;DR: A route is developed for fabricating extremely low-density, hollow-strut metallic lattices that exhibit complete recovery after compression exceeding 50% strain, and energy absorption similar to elastomers and attribute these properties to structural hierarchy at the nanometer, micrometer, and millimeter scales.
Abstract: Ultralight (<10 milligrams per cubic centimeter) cellular materials are desirable for thermal insulation; battery electrodes; catalyst supports; and acoustic, vibration, or shock energy damping. We present ultralight materials based on periodic hollow-tube microlattices. These materials are fabricated by starting with a template formed by self-propagating photopolymer waveguide prototyping, coating the template by electroless nickel plating, and subsequently etching away the template. The resulting metallic microlattices exhibit densities ρ ≥ 0.9 milligram per cubic centimeter, complete recovery after compression exceeding 50% strain, and energy absorption similar to elastomers. Young’s modulus E scales with density as E ~ ρ^2, in contrast to the E ~ ρ^3 scaling observed for ultralight aerogels and carbon nanotube foams with stochastic architecture. We attribute these properties to structural hierarchy at the nanometer, micrometer, and millimeter scales.

1,412 citations

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: A review of the chemistry of the formation and continuing transformation of low-volatility species in the atmosphere can be found in this article, where the primary focus is chemical processes that can change the volatility of organic compounds: oxidation reactions in the gas phase, reaction in the particle phase, and reaction in either phase over several generations.

1,411 citations

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: The cortical and subcortical connections of the middle temporal visual area of the macaque monkey were investigated using combined injections of [3H]proline and horseradish peroxidase within MT to determine a hierarchical arrangement of visual areas.
Abstract: The cortical and subcortical connections of the middle temporal visual area (MT) of the macaque monkey were investigated using combined injections of [3H]proline and horseradish peroxidase within MT. Cortical connections were assigned to specific visual areas on the basis of their relationship to the pattern of interhemispheric connections, revealed by staining for degeneration following callosal transection. MT was shown to be reciprocally connected with many topographically organized cortical visual areas, including V1, V2, V3, and V4. These pathways link regions representing corresponding portions of the visual field in the different areas. In addition, MT has reciprocal connections with two previously unidentified cortical areas, which we have designated the medial superior temporal area (MST) and the ventral intraparietal area (VIP). The laminar distribution of terminals and cell bodies in cortical areas connected with MT follows a consistent pattern. In areas V1, V2, and V3, the projections to MT arise largely or exclusively from cells in supragranular layers, and the reciprocal connections from MT terminate mainly in supragranular and infragranular layers. In contrast, the projections to MST and VIP terminate mainly in layer IV, and the reciprocal pathways originate from cells in both superficial and deep layers. On the basis of this pattern, each connection can be designated as forward or feedback in nature, and a hierarchical arrangement of visual areas can be determined. In this hierarchy, MT is at a higher level than V1, V2, and V3, and at a lower level than MST and VIP. Subcortical projections were seen from MT to the claustrum, the putamen, the caudate nucleus, the inferior and lateral subdivisions of the pulvinar complex, the ventral lateral geniculate nucleus, the reticular nucleus of the thalamus, the superior colliculus, and the pontine nuclei.

1,410 citations

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: In this article, a wider-angle lens exposes an imposing image of commonality in market microstructure, showing that quoted spreads, quoted depth, and effective spreads co-move with market and industry-wide liquidity.
Abstract: Traditionally and understandably, the microscope of market microstructure has focused on attributes of single assets. Little theoretical attention and virtually no empirical work has been devoted to common determinants of liquidity nor to their empirical manifestation, correlated movements in liquidity. But a wider-angle lens exposes an imposing image of commonality. Quoted spreads, quoted depth, and effective spreads co-move with market- and industry-wide liquidity. After controlling for well-known individual liquidity determinants such as volatility, volume, and price, common influences remain significant and material. Recognizing the existence of commonality is a key to uncovering some suggestive evidence that inventory risks and asymmetric information both affect intertemporal changes in liquidity.

1,410 citations

Journal ArticleDOI
29 May 1992-Cell
TL;DR: It is demonstrated that LEAFY is the Arabidopsis homolog of the FLORICAULA gene, which controls floral meristem identity in the distantly related species Antirrhinum majus.

1,408 citations


Authors

Showing all 58155 results

NameH-indexPapersCitations
Eric S. Lander301826525976
Donald P. Schneider2421622263641
George M. Whitesides2401739269833
Yi Chen2174342293080
David Baltimore203876162955
Edward Witten202602204199
George Efstathiou187637156228
Michael A. Strauss1851688208506
Jing Wang1844046202769
Ruedi Aebersold182879141881
Douglas Scott1781111185229
Hyun-Chul Kim1764076183227
Phillip A. Sharp172614117126
Timothy M. Heckman170754141237
Zhenan Bao169865106571
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Performance
Metrics
No. of papers from the Institution in previous years
YearPapers
2023176
2022737
20214,682
20205,519
20195,321
20185,133