Showing papers by "California State University, Long Beach published in 2017"
Gregory A. Roth1, Catherine O. Johnson1, Amanuel Alemu Abajobir2, Foad Abd-Allah3 +170 more•Institutions (99)
TL;DR: The GBD (Global Burden of Disease) 2015 study integrated data on disease incidence, prevalence, and mortality to produce consistent, up-to-date estimates for cardiovascular burden, finding that CVDs remain a major cause of health loss for all regions of the world.
2,525 citations
TL;DR: Recent advancements in synthesis techniques for silver, gold, copper, titanium, zinc oxide, and magnesium oxide nanomaterials and composites are reviewed, with a focus on the toxicity exhibited by nanommaterials of multidimensions.
Abstract: The era of antibiotic resistance is a cause of increasing concern as bacteria continue to develop adaptive countermeasures against current antibiotics at an alarming rate In recent years, studies have reported nanoparticles as a promising alternative to antibacterial reagents because of their exhibited antibacterial activity in several biomedical applications, including drug and gene delivery, tissue engineering, and imaging Moreover, nanomaterial research has led to reports of a possible relationship between the morphological characteristics of a nanomaterial and the magnitude of its delivered toxicity However, conventional synthesis of nanoparticles requires harsh chemicals and costly energy consumption Additionally, the exact relationship between toxicity and morphology of nanomaterials has not been well established Here, we review the recent advancements in synthesis techniques for silver, gold, copper, titanium, zinc oxide, and magnesium oxide nanomaterials and composites, with a focus on the toxicity exhibited by nanomaterials of multidimensions This article highlights the benefits of selecting each material or metal-based composite for certain applications while also addressing possible setbacks and the toxic effects of the nanomaterials on the environment
380 citations
TL;DR: This account will highlight many efforts to implement PSP in MOFs and impact of PSP on gas uptake performance, including the PSP in MIL-88 type (acs-type topology) structure, which has led to a huge family of CPMs exhibiting low isosteric heat of adsorption and yet superior CO2 uptake capacity.
Abstract: ConspectusMetal–organic framework (MOF) materials have emerged as one of the favorite crystalline porous materials (CPM) because of their compositional and geometric tunability and many possible applications. In efforts to develop better MOFs for gas storage and separation, a number of strategies including creation of open metal sites and implantation of Lewis base sites have been used to tune host–guest interactions. In addition to these chemical factors, the geometric features such as pore size and shape, surface area, and pore volume also play important roles in sorption energetics and uptake capacity. For efficient capture of small gas molecules such as carbon dioxide under ambient conditions, large surface area or high pore volume are often not needed. Instead, maximizing host–guest interactions or the density of binding sites by encaging gas molecules in snug pockets of pore space can be a fruitful approach. To put this concept into practice, the pore space partition (PSP) concept has been proposed ...
367 citations
TL;DR: Two new polymorphic Co-MOFs (CTGU-5 and -6) that can be selectively crystallized into the pure 2D or 3D net using an anionic or neutral surfactant, respectively are reported, which exhibits superior HER properties including a very positive onset potential, low Tafel slope, and long-term stability.
Abstract: Reported herein are two new polymorphic Co-MOFs (CTGU-5 and -6) that can be selectively crystallized into the pure 2D or 3D net using an anionic or neutral surfactant, respectively. Each polymorph contains a H2O molecule, but differs dramatically in its bonding to the framework, which in turn affects the crystal structure and electrocatalytic performance for hydrogen evolution reaction (HER). Both experimental and computational studies find that 2D CTGU-5 which has coordinates water and more open access to the cobalt site has higher electrocatalytic activity than CTGU-6 with the lattice water. The integration with co-catalysts, such as acetylene black (AB) leads to a composite material, AB&CTGU-5 (1:4) with very efficient HER catalytic properties among reported MOFs. It exhibits superior HER properties including a very positive onset potential of 18 mV, low Tafel slope of 45 mV dec−1, higher exchange current density of 8.6×10−4 A cm−2, and long-term stability.
316 citations
University of New Mexico1, University of Missouri–Kansas City2, Arizona State University3, Al-Azhar University4, Max Planck Society5, Dartmouth College6, National Museum of Natural History7, Boston Children's Hospital8, University of California, Irvine9, University of Nevada, Reno10, Cayetano Heredia University11, University of Washington12, University of California, Santa Barbara13, Cornell University14, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai15, University of Southern California16, California State University, Long Beach17
TL;DR: The findings suggest that coronary atherosclerosis can be avoided in most people by achieving a lifetime with very low LDL, low blood pressure, low glucose, normal body-mass index, no smoking, and plenty of physical activity.
245 citations
TL;DR: The patterning of gender disparities in STEM that leads to a focus on communal goal congruity is reviewed, evidence for the foundational logic of the perspective is provided, and the implications for research and policy are explored.
Abstract: The goal congruity perspective provides a theoretical framework to understand how motivational processes influence and are influenced by social roles. In particular, we invoke this framework to understand communal goal processes as proximal motivators of decisions to engage in science, technology, engineering, and mathematics (STEM). STEM fields are not perceived as affording communal opportunities to work with or help others, and understanding these perceived goal affordances can inform knowledge about differences between (a) STEM and other career pathways and (b) women's and men's choices. We review the patterning of gender disparities in STEM that leads to a focus on communal goal congruity (Part I), provide evidence for the foundational logic of the perspective (Part II), and explore the implications for research and policy (Part III). Understanding and transmitting the opportunities for communal goal pursuit within STEM can reap widespread benefits for broadening and deepening participation.
200 citations
University of Rochester1, Cleveland Clinic2, Medical University of Łódź3, Medical University of Warsaw4, Queen's University5, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens6, SUNY Downstate Medical Center7, California State University, Long Beach8, Valley Hospital9, Roy J. and Lucille A. Carver College of Medicine10, University of Southern California11, Brigham and Women's Hospital12, Oregon Health & Science University13, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine14, Cornell University15, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center16
TL;DR: The details in this document provide background and framework from which to apply AECG techniques in clinical practice, as well as clinical research.
199 citations
TL;DR: In this article, a transcriptome and functional analysis of human induced pluripotent stem cell (iPSC)-derived brain microvascular endothelial cells (iBMECs) from HD patients or unaffected controls was performed.
179 citations
Technische Universität München1, University of Stuttgart2, Federal Fluminense University3, University of Innsbruck4, Polytechnic University of Turin5, Federal University of Amazonas6, Karlstad University7, Queen's University Belfast8, Aalto University9, University of Helsinki10, University of Calgary11, University of Oulu12, California State University, Long Beach13, University of Tartu14, Pontifícia Universidade Católica do Rio Grande do Sul15, Simula Research Laboratory16, Federal University of Bahia17, Charles III University of Madrid18, University of Twente19
TL;DR: The Naming the Pain in Requirements Engineering (NaPiRE) initiative as discussed by the authors is a family of surveys on the status quo and problems in practical requirements engineering (RE) in 10 countries in various domains.
Abstract: Requirements Engineering (RE) has received much attention in research and practice due to its importance to software project success. Its interdisciplinary nature, the dependency to the customer, and its inherent uncertainty still render the discipline difficult to investigate. This results in a lack of empirical data. These are necessary, however, to demonstrate which practically relevant RE problems exist and to what extent they matter. Motivated by this situation, we initiated the Naming the Pain in Requirements Engineering (NaPiRE) initiative which constitutes a globally distributed, bi-yearly replicated family of surveys on the status quo and problems in practical RE. In this article, we report on the qualitative analysis of data obtained from 228 companies working in 10 countries in various domains and we reveal which contemporary problems practitioners encounter. To this end, we analyse 21 problems derived from the literature with respect to their relevance and criticality in dependency to their context, and we complement this picture with a cause-effect analysis showing the causes and effects surrounding the most critical problems. Our results give us a better understanding of which problems exist and how they manifest themselves in practical environments. Thus, we provide a first step to ground contributions to RE on empirical observations which, until now, were dominated by conventional wisdom only.
170 citations
TL;DR: In this paper, a highly stable luminescent heterometallic MOF, [NaEu2(TATAB)2(DMF)3]·OH (CTGU-7), was synthesized, which was demonstrated to be the first known MOF for the selective detection of oridazole antibiotics.
Abstract: Herein, a highly stable luminescent heterometallic MOF, [NaEu2(TATAB)2(DMF)3]·OH (CTGU-7, H3TATAB = 4,4′,4′′-s-triazine-1,3,5-triyltri-m-aminobenzoic acid, DMF = N,N′-dimethylformamide, CTGU = China Three Gorges University), was synthesized. CTGU-7 crystallizes in a highly symmetric cubic framework with the pyrite-type topology, constructed from a novel Eu2Na trimeric cluster as a 6-connected node. Observably, this framework remains intact in a remarkably extensive environment such as in a common solvent and aqueous solutions. CTGU-7 is demonstrated to be the first known MOF for the selective detection of oridazole antibiotics. It also exhibits high selectivity and sensitivity for nitrophenol and benzyl alcohol. Thus, this material can potentially be used as a multi-responsive luminescent sensor.
165 citations
TL;DR: Arthroscopic SCR restored shoulder function and resulted in high rates of return to recreational sports and physical work and between the physical work group and nonphysical work groups.
Abstract: Background:Although sports participation and heavy physical work can contribute to rotator cuff tears, many patients expect to return to these activities after surgery; however, irreparable rotator...
TL;DR: Arthroscopic SCR restored superior glenohumeral stability and improved shoulder function among patients with or without pseudoparalysis who had previously irreparable rotator cuff tears.
Abstract: Background:Patients with pseudoparalysis and irreparable rotator cuff tears have very poor function. The authors developed a superior capsule reconstruction (SCR) technique for irreparable rotator ...
TL;DR: The as-prepared Ag@Ln-MOFs composite shows highly efficient catalytic performance for the reduction of 4-nitrophenol and can be readily reduced to afford Ag nanoparticles.
Abstract: New porous anionic Ln-MOFs, namely, [Me2NH2][Ln(CPA)2(H2O)2] (Ln = Eu, Gd), have been prepared through the self-assembly of 5-(4-carboxy phenyl)picolinic acid (H2CPA) and lanthanide ions. They feature open anionic frameworks with 1-D hydrophilic channels and exchangeable dimethylamine ions. The Eu phase could detect Fe3+ ions with high selectivity and sensitivity in either aqueous solution or biological condition. The ratios of lanthanide ions on this structure platform could be rationally tuned to not only achieve dichromatic emission colors with linear correlation but also attain three primary colors (RGB) and even white light with favorable correlated color temperature. Furthermore, the Ag(I)-exchanged phases can be readily reduced to afford Ag nanoparticles. The as-prepared Ag@Ln-MOFs composite shows highly efficient catalytic performance for the reduction of 4-nitrophenol.
TL;DR: In this paper, the authors developed a satellite-telemetry-based habitat model in a case-control design for Eastern North Pacific blue whales Balaenoptera musculus that was combined with previously published abundance estimates to predict habitat preference and densities.
Abstract: Summary
Management of highly migratory species is reliant on spatially and temporally explicit information on their distribution and abundance. Satellite telemetry provides time-series data on individual movements. However, these data are underutilized in management applications in part because they provide presence-only information rather than abundance information such as density.
Eastern North Pacific blue whales are listed as threatened, and ship strikes have been suggested as a key factor limiting their recovery. Here, we developed a satellite-telemetry-based habitat model in a case–control design for Eastern North Pacific blue whales Balaenoptera musculus that was combined with previously published abundance estimates to predict habitat preference and densities. Further, we operationalize an automated, near-real-time whale density prediction tool based on up-to-date environmental data for use by managers and other stakeholders.
A switching state-space movement model was applied to 104 blue whale satellite tracks from 1994 to 2008 to account for errors in the location estimates and provide daily positions (case points). We simulated positions using a correlated random walk model (control points) and sampled the environment at each case and control point. Generalized additive mixed models and boosted regression trees were applied to determine the probability of occurrence based on environmental covariates. Models were used to predict 8-day and monthly resolution, year-round density estimates scaled by population abundance estimates that provide a critical tool for understanding seasonal and interannual changes in habitat use.
The telemetry-based habitat model predicted known blue whale hot spots and had seasonal agreement with sightings data, highlighting the skill of the model for predicting blue whale habitat preference and density. We identified high interannual variability in occurrence emphasizing the benefit of dynamic models compared to multiyear averages.
Synthesis and applications. This near-real-time tool allows a more accurate examination of the year-round spatio-temporal overlap of blue whales with potentially harmful human activities, such as shipping. This approach should also be applicable to other species for which sufficient telemetry data are available. The dynamic predictive product developed here is an important tool that allows managers to consider finer-scale management areas that are more economically feasible and socially acceptable.
TL;DR: This literature discussion scrutinizes how disaster and resilience is framed for the tourism sector, and, more specifically, how the concepts can be applied to the hotel sector.
Abstract: Within the tourism industry, the hotel sector's vulnerabilities are multi-faceted. This literature discussion scrutinizes how disaster and resilience is framed for the tourism sector, and, more specifically, how the concepts can be applied to the hotel sector. A synthesis of the literature points to the importance of prioritizing disaster resilience building for the hotel sector. The body of literature regarding disasters, tourism, and more specifically hotels, has increased over the last 20 years, still improvements in the hotel sector's disaster preparedness and do not appear to be on the same trajectory. Illustrating the predicament of the contemporary hotel industry serves to open a discussion about the value of building resiliency to disaster for hotels. As the numbers of people affected by disasters grows, the importance of providing actionable information to limit the severity of these events on communities also escalates in pace.
TL;DR: Women experienced stress fractures at higher rates than men, more often in the preseason, and predominantly in the foot and lower leg, according to the NCAA Injury Surveillance Program.
Abstract: Context: Stress fractures are injuries caused by cumulative, repetitive stress that leads to abnormal bone remodeling. Specific populations, including female athletes and endurance athletes, are a...
TL;DR: The associations of perpetration and betrayal with PTSD, controlling for danger-based combat events, highlight the limitations of conceptualizations and treatments of PTSD based on fear or helplessness as sole etiologic factors.
Abstract: OBJECTIVE We investigated whether potentially morally injurious events (PMIEs) during a combat deployment may lead to PTSD through distinct pathways from danger-based events. We also examined the prevalence of perpetration-based PMIEs, during which service members behaved in ways that violated their own moral values, and betrayal-based PMIEs, during which personal moral expectations were violated by trusted others. METHOD Using a sample of 867 active duty Marines from a single infantry battalion that engaged in heavy ground combat while deployed to Afghanistan, a structural equation model was built to examine the relationships between perpetration- and betrayal-based PMIEs, combat experiences, and peritraumatic dissociation reported at 1 month postdeployment, and guilt/shame, anger, and PTSD symptoms reported at 8 months postdeployment. RESULTS The relationship between betrayal-based PMIEs and PTSD was mediated by anger (β = .14). There was marginal evidence of mediation of the relationship between perpetration-based PMIEs and PTSD by shame and guilt (β = .09), and of the relationship between danger-based combat events and PTSD by peritraumatic dissociation (β = .08). No significant direct relationships were found between any of these 3 types of events and subsequent PTSD. Perceived perpetration and betrayal accounted for PTSD symptoms above and beyond combat exposure. Over a third of the sample reported experiencing perpetration- or betrayal-based PMIEs. CONCLUSIONS The associations of perpetration and betrayal with PTSD, controlling for danger-based combat events, highlight the limitations of conceptualizations and treatments of PTSD based on fear or helplessness as sole etiologic factors. (PsycINFO Database Record
TL;DR: Restrictive feeding and home access to unhealthy foods were most consistently associated with snacking among young children, and research is needed to identify positive parenting behaviors around child snacking that may be used as targets for health promotion.
Abstract: While the role of parenting in children’s eating behaviors has been studied extensively, less attention has been given to its potential association with children’s snacking habits. To address this gap, we conducted a systematic review to describe associations between food parenting and child snacking, or consuming energy dense foods/foods in between meals. Six electronic databases were searched using standardized language to identify quantitative studies describing associations of general and feeding-specific parenting styles as well as food parenting practices with snacking behaviors of children aged 2–18 years. Eligible peer-reviewed journal articles published between 1980 and 2017 were included. Data were extracted using a standard protocol by three coders; all items were double coded to ensure consistency. Forty-seven studies met inclusion criteria. Few studies focused on general feeding (n = 3) or parenting styles (n = 10). Most studies focused on controlling food parenting practices (n = 39) that were not specific to snacking. Parental restriction of food was positively associated with child snack intake in 13/23 studies, while pressure to eat and monitoring yielded inconsistent results. Home availability of unhealthy foods was positively associated with snack intake in 10/11 studies. Findings related to positive parent behaviors (e.g. role modeling) were limited and yielded mixed results (n = 9). Snacking was often assessed using food frequency items and defined post-hoc based on nutritional characteristics (e.g. energy-dense, sugary foods, unhealthy, etc.). Timing was rarely included in the definition of a snack (i.e. chips eaten between meals vs. with lunch). Restrictive feeding and home access to unhealthy foods were most consistently associated with snacking among young children. Research is needed to identify positive parenting behaviors around child snacking that may be used as targets for health promotion. Detailed definitions of snacking that address food type, context, and purpose are needed to advance findings within the field. We provide suggested standardized terminology for future research.
TL;DR: In this paper, the fundamental radical chemistry involved in monochloramine (NH2Cl) photolysis and its efficiency in degrading 1,4-dioxane using a low-pressure Hg lamp (λ = 254 nm).
Abstract: Although chloramines are ubiquitously present during ultraviolet-driven advanced oxidation processes (UV/AOP) that are becoming increasingly important for potable water reuse, the photochemistry of chloramines in treated wastewater, and the associated effects on trace chemical contaminant degradation, are unknown. This study investigated the fundamental radical chemistry involved in monochloramine (NH2Cl) photolysis and its efficiency in degrading 1,4-dioxane using a low-pressure Hg lamp (λ = 254 nm). These results showed that the UV fluence-normalized rate of 1,4-dioxane degradation in UV/NH2Cl ranged between 1.1 × 10–4 and 2.9 × 10–4 cm2·mJ–1. The photolysis of NH2Cl produced NH2• and Cl•, which further transformed to a series of reactive radical species. An optimal NH2Cl dosage for 1,4-dioxane degradation was observed at a NH2Cl/1,4-dioxane concentration ratio of 8.0, while excess NH2Cl scavenged reactive radicals and decreased the treatment efficiency. Scavenging experiments and probe compound calcula...
TL;DR: Examining the causes and consequences of the obesity paradox may help uncover important pathophysiologic mechanisms leading to improved outcomes in patients with CKD, and Hemodynamic stability of obesity, lipoprotein defense against circulating endotoxins, protective cytokine profiles, toxin sequestration of fat mass, and antioxidation of muscle may play important roles.
TL;DR: In this article, a scalable distributed platform and a high-performance geoprocessing workflow based on the Hadoop ecosystem to harvest crowd-sourced gazetteer entries are presented.
TL;DR: Given the encouraging study results and the significant burden of DFU, use of this mat may result in significant reductions in morbidity, mortality, and resource utilization.
Abstract: OBJECTIVE We conducted a multicenter evaluation of a novel remote foot-temperature monitoring system to characterize its accuracy for predicting impending diabetic foot ulcers (DFU) in a cohort of patients with diabetes with previously healed DFU. RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS We enrolled 132 participants with diabetes and prior DFU in this 34-week cohort study to evaluate a remote foot-temperature monitoring system (ClinicalTrials.gov Identifier NCT02647346). The study device was a wireless daily-use thermometric foot mat to assess plantar temperature asymmetries. The primary outcome of interest was development of nonacute plantar DFU, and the primary efficacy analysis was the accuracy of the study device for predicting the occurrence of DFU over several temperature asymmetry thresholds. RESULTS Of the 129 participants who contributed evaluable data to the study, a total of 37 (28.7%) presented with 53 DFU (0.62 DFU/participant/year). At an asymmetry of 2.22°C, the standard threshold used in previous studies, the system correctly identified 97% of observed DFU, with an average lead time of 37 days and a false-positive rate of 57%. Increasing the temperature threshold to 3.20°C decreased sensitivity to 70% but similarly reduced the false-positive rate to 32% with approximately the same lead time of 35 days. Approximately 86% of the cohort used the system at least 3 days a week on average over the study. CONCLUSIONS Given the encouraging study results and the significant burden of DFU, use of this mat may result in significant reductions in morbidity, mortality, and resource utilization.
Veterans Health Administration1, Yale University2, Case Western Reserve University3, Texas A&M Health Science Center College of Medicine4, Temple University5, University of Alabama6, VA Palo Alto Healthcare System7, United States Department of Veterans Affairs8, University of California, San Diego9, Salem VA Medical Center10, California State University, Long Beach11, Edward Hines, Jr. VA Hospital12
TL;DR: Among a predominantly male population with major depressive disorder unresponsive to antidepressant treatment, augmentation with aripiprazole resulted in a statistically significant but only modestly increased likelihood of remission during 12 weeks of treatment compared with switching to bupropion monotherapy.
Abstract: Importance Less than one-third of patients with major depressive disorder (MDD) achieve remission with their first antidepressant. Objective To determine the relative effectiveness and safety of 3 common alternate treatments for MDD. Design, Setting, and Participants From December 2012 to May 2015, 1522 patients at 35 US Veterans Health Administration medical centers who were diagnosed with nonpsychotic MDD, unresponsive to at least 1 antidepressant course meeting minimal standards for treatment dose and duration, participated in the study. Patients were randomly assigned (1:1:1) to 1 of 3 treatments and evaluated for up to 36 weeks. Interventions Switch to a different antidepressant, bupropion (switch group, n = 511); augment current treatment with bupropion (augment-bupropion group, n = 506); or augment with an atypical antipsychotic, aripiprazole (augment-aripiprazole group, n = 505) for 12 weeks (acute treatment phase) and up to 36 weeks for longer-term follow-up (continuation phase). Main Outcomes and Measures The primary outcome was remission during the acute treatment phase (16-item Quick Inventory of Depressive Symptomatology-Clinician Rated [QIDS-C 16 ] score ≤5 at 2 consecutive visits). Secondary outcomes included response (≥50% reduction in QIDS-C 16 score or improvement on the Clinical Global Impression Improvement scale), relapse, and adverse effects. Results Among 1522 randomized patients (mean age, 54.4 years; men, 1296 [85.2%]), 1137 (74.7%) completed the acute treatment phase. Remission rates at 12 weeks were 22.3% (n = 114) for the switch group, 26.9% (n = 136)for the augment-bupropion group, and 28.9% (n = 146) for the augment-aripiprazole group. The augment-aripiprazole group exceeded the switch group in remission (relative risk [RR], 1.30 [95% CI, 1.05-1.60]; P = .02), but other remission comparisons were not significant. Response was greater for the augment-aripiprazole group (74.3%) than for either the switch group (62.4%; RR, 1.19 [95% CI, 1.09-1.29]) or the augment-bupropion group (65.6%; RR, 1.13 [95% CI, 1.04-1.23]). No significant treatment differences were observed for relapse. Anxiety was more frequent in the 2 bupropion groups (24.3% in the switch group [n = 124] vs 16.6% in the augment-aripiprazole group [n = 84]; and 22.5% in augment-bupropion group [n = 114]). Adverse effects more frequent in the augment-aripiprazole group included somnolence, akathisia, and weight gain. Conclusions and Relevance Among a predominantly male population with major depressive disorder unresponsive to antidepressant treatment, augmentation with aripiprazole resulted in a statistically significant but only modestly increased likelihood of remission during 12 weeks of treatment compared with switching to bupropion monotherapy. Given the small effect size and adverse effects associated with aripiprazole, further analysis including cost-effectiveness is needed to understand the net utility of this approach. Trial Registration clinicaltrials.gov Identifier:NCT01421342
TL;DR: This pilot study examined the feasibility, acceptability, and preliminary outcomes of a culturally derived intervention, Parents Taking Action, for 19 Spanish-speaking mothers of children with ASD and found that the intervention was both feasible to implement and acceptable to participants.
Abstract: The increased prevalence of autism spectrum disorder (ASD) among Latino children, later diagnosis, limited access to bicultural specialist support, and worsened health outcomes when compared to non-Latinos points to the need for a culturally relevant parent education intervention. This pilot study examined the feasibility, acceptability, and preliminary outcomes of a culturally derived intervention, Parents Taking Action, for 19 Spanish-speaking mothers of children with ASD. This study introduces the Promotora de Salud Model of intervention delivery to the autism field. A mixed-methods design including one group pre- and posttest design and focus groups was used to evaluate the outcomes of PTA. We found that the intervention was both feasible to implement and acceptable to participants. We also found significant increases in empowerment oriented outcomes for parents between pre- and posttest suggesting that the intervention is promising. Suggestions for future research and practice are offered.
TL;DR: This paper conducted two meta-analyses investigating the effect of artificial observation cues on generosity and found no evidence to support the claim that artificial surveillance cues increase generosity, either by increasing how generous individuals are, or by increasing the probability that individuals will show any generosity at all.
TL;DR: This paper identified 9,003 sequences for glycoside hydrolases and lytic polysaccharide mono-oxygenases targeting cellulose, xylan, and chitin.
Abstract: Fungi are important polysaccharide degraders in the environment and for biotechnology. Here, the increasing number of sequenced fungal genomes allowed for systematic identification of genes and proteins involved in polysaccharide degradation in 218 fungi. Globally, 9,003 sequences for glycoside hydrolases and lytic polysaccharide mono-oxygenases targeting cellulose, xylan, and chitin, were identified. Although abundant in most lineages, the distribution of these enzymes is variable even between organisms from the same genus. However, most fungi are generalists possessing several enzymes for polysaccharide deconstruction. Most identified enzymes were small proteins with simple domain organization or eventually consisted of one catalytic domain associated with a non-catalytic accessory domain. Thus unlike bacteria, fungi's ability to degrade polysaccharides relies on apparent redundancy in functional traits and the high frequency of lytic polysaccharide mono-oxygenases, as well as other physiological adaptation such as hyphal growth. Globally, this study provides a comprehensive framework to further identify enzymes for polysaccharide deconstruction in fungal genomes and will help identify new strains and enzymes with potential for biotechnological application.
TL;DR: A review of cellular markers and behavioral phenotypes in transgenic and toxin-induced PD models of C. elegans concludes that the nematode roundworm is a good model to study the role of genetic and environmental factors in the molecular pathology and behavioral phenotype associated with PD.
Abstract: Parkinson’s disease (PD) is a neurodegenerative disorder with symptoms that progressively worsen with age. Pathologically, PD is characterized by the aggregation of α-synuclein in cells of the substantia nigra in the brain and loss of dopaminergic neurons. This pathology is associated with impaired movement and reduced cognitive function. The etiology of PD can be attributed to a combination of environmental and genetic factors. A popular animal model, the nematode roundworm Caenorhabditis elegans, has been frequently used to study the role of genetic and environmental factors in the molecular pathology and behavioral phenotypes associated with PD. The current review summarizes cellular markers and behavioral phenotypes in transgenic and toxin-induced PD models of C. elegans.
TL;DR: The use of Zachman Framework to guide the architecture development is described in step-by-step details in this paper, and the agent-based simulation is recommended to develop the SoS architectural models following the Zachman framework guidance.
TL;DR: It is confirmed thatMOFs, especially Co-clusters MOFs, could be used as precursor to synthesize 3D nanostructure metal oxide materials with high-performance, which possess high porosity and more active sites and shorter ionic diffusion lengths.
Abstract: Detecting formaldehyde at low operating temperature and maintaining long-term stability are of great significance. In this work, a hierarchical Co3O4 nanostructure has been fabricated by calcining Co5-based metal–organic framework (MOF) microcrystals. Co3O4-350 particles were used for efficient gas-sensing for the detecting of formaldehyde vapor at lower working temperature (170 °C), low detection limit of 10 ppm, and long-term stability (30 days), which not only is the optimal value among all reported pure Co3O4 sensing materials for the detection of formaldehyde but also is superior to that of majority of Co3O4-based composites. Such extraordinarily efficient properties might be resulted from hierarchically structures, larger surface area and unique pore structure. This strategy is further confirmed that MOFs, especially Co-clusters MOFs, could be used as precursor to synthesize 3D nanostructure metal oxide materials with high-performance, which possess high porosity and more active sites and shorter io...
TL;DR: A meta-analysis of 28 studies examines the relationship between parental involvement and the academic achievement and school behavior of Latino pre-kindergarten-college-age children.
Abstract: This meta-analysis of 28 studies examines the relationship between parental involvement and the academic achievement and school behavior of Latino pre-kindergarten-college-age children. Analyses de...