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Institution

California State University, Long Beach

EducationLong Beach, California, United States
About: California State University, Long Beach is a education organization based out in Long Beach, California, United States. It is known for research contribution in the topics: Population & Poison control. The organization has 10036 authors who have published 13933 publications receiving 377394 citations. The organization is also known as: Cal State Long Beach & Long Beach State.


Papers
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Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: It is found that impulsive rules are optimal in a simple foreground–background choice situation in the absence of discounting, and that comparable impulsiveness is not found in binary choice situations even when there is strong discounting.
Abstract: Observed animal impulsiveness challenges ideas from foraging theory about the fitness value of food rewards, and may play a role in important behavioural phenomena such as cooperation and addiction. Behavioural ecologists usually invoke temporal discounting to explain the evolution of animal impulsiveness. According to the discounting hypothesis, delay reduces the fitness value of the delayed food. We develop an alternative model for the evolution of impulsiveness that does not require discounting. We show that impulsive or short-sighted rules can maximize long-term rates of food intake. The advantages of impulsive rules come from two sources. First, naturally occurring choices have a foreground-background structure that reduces the long-term cost of impulsiveness. Second, impulsive rules have a discrimination advantage because they tend to compare smaller quantities. Discounting contributes little to this result. Although we find that impulsive rules are optimal in a simple foreground-background choice situation in the absence of discounting, in contrast we do not find comparable impulsiveness in binary choice situations even when there is strong discounting.

92 citations

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: Clinicians should be cognizant of the culture, beliefs and practices of Arab Middle Eastern immigrant women and the influence of these factors on their decision to participate in routine BCS.

92 citations

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: It is demonstrated action videogames can increase people's ability to take on additional tasks by increasing attentional capacity, without interfering with the primary tasks.

92 citations

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: In this paper, the authors developed and validated a classroom observation measure to assess the quality of reading instruction provided to first-grade English learners, and reported the internal consistency reliability, interrater reliability, and the development of empirically derived subscales.
Abstract: The first portion of this article describes the development and validation of a classroom observation measure. The goal of the measure was to assess the quality of reading instruction provided to first-grade English learners. We report the internal consistency reliability, interrater reliability, the development of empirically derived subscales, and the criterion-related validity of the subscales. The latter was moderately high for three of the six subscales (range = .62—.65) and moderate for the three others (range = .49—.57). The second portion of this article includes a contrasted groups analysis of the four classes with the lowest and highest growth in reading. We conclude with a presentation of the major themes and issues that emerged in the qualitative field notes.

92 citations

Journal ArticleDOI
01 Aug 2004
TL;DR: In patients with uncomplicated UTIs caused by uropathogens resistant to trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole who were treated with this drug combination, clinical outcomes were clarified recently and found to be suboptimal (<60% clinical cure).
Abstract: In the past few years, notable advances have occurred in our understanding of the epidemiology and clinical importance of drug resistance among uropathogens that cause uncomplicated urinary tract infections (UTIs) or cystitis. Guidelines recommend trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole for empirical treatment of uncomplicated UTI unless trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole resistance in a community exceeds 10% to 20%. The rationale for this 10% to 20% cutoff appears to be related to clinical and economical considerations and to concerns about the emergence of fluoroquinolone-resistant bacteria. In patients with uncomplicated UTIs caused by uropathogens resistant to trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole who were treated with this drug combination, clinical outcomes were clarified recently and found to be suboptimal (<60% clinical cure). Following guidelines for empirical treatment of uncomplicated UTIs is problematic. Surveillance of antimicrobial resistance among uropathogens that cause uncomplicated UTIs is performed rarely. Hospital antibiograms provide data on resistance among bacteria that cause community-associated UTIs; however, antibiograms overestimate drug resistance among uropathogens that cause UTIs and may mislead clinicians about the prevalence of local resistance. We review options for management of uncomplicated UTIs in light of these considerations.

92 citations


Authors

Showing all 10093 results

NameH-indexPapersCitations
David A. Weitz1781038114182
Menachem Elimelech15754795285
Josh Moss139101989255
Ron D. Hays13578182285
Matthew J. Budoff125144968115
Harinder Singh Bawa12079866120
Kamyar Kalantar-Zadeh118102556187
Dionysios D. Dionysiou11667548449
Kathryn Grimm11061847814
Richard B. Kaner10655766862
William Oh10086748760
Nosratola D. Vaziri9870834586
Jagat Narula9897847745
Qichun Zhang9454028367
Muhammad Shahbaz92100134170
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Performance
Metrics
No. of papers from the Institution in previous years
YearPapers
202324
202260
2021663
2020638
2019578
2018536