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Institution

Cancer Epidemiology Unit

About: Cancer Epidemiology Unit is a based out in . It is known for research contribution in the topics: Population & Cancer. The organization has 669 authors who have published 1725 publications receiving 93979 citations.


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Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: Dementia recorded in routinely collected NHS hospital admission data for women in England agrees well with primary care records of dementia assessed separately from two different sources, and is sufficiently reliable for epidemiological research.
Abstract: Electronic linkage of UK cohorts to routinely collected National Health Service (NHS) records provides virtually complete follow-up for cause-specific hospital admissions and deaths The reliability of dementia diagnoses recorded in NHS hospital data is not well documented For a sample of Million Women Study participants in England we compared dementia recorded in routinely collected NHS hospital data (Hospital Episode Statistics: HES) with dementia recorded in two separate sources of primary care information: a primary care database [Clinical Practice Research Datalink (CPRD), n = 340] and a survey of study participants’ General Practitioners (GPs, n = 244) Dementia recorded in HES fully agreed both with CPRD and with GP survey data for 85% of women; it did not agree for 1 and 4%, respectively Agreement was uncertain for the remaining 14 and 11%, respectively; and among those classified as having uncertain agreement in CPRD, non-specific terms compatible with dementia, such as ‘memory loss’, were recorded in the CPRD database for 79% of the women Agreement was significantly better (p < 005 for all comparisons) for women with HES diagnoses for Alzheimer’s disease (95 and 94% agreement with any dementia for CPRD and GP survey, respectively) and for vascular dementia (88 and 88%, respectively) than for women with a record only of dementia not otherwise specified (70 and 72%, respectively) Dementia in the same woman was first mentioned an average 16 (SD 26) years earlier in primary care (CPRD) than in hospital (HES) data Age-specific rates for dementia based on the hospital admission data were lower than the rates based on the primary care data, but were similar if the delay in recording in HES was taken into account Dementia recorded in routinely collected NHS hospital admission data for women in England agrees well with primary care records of dementia assessed separately from two different sources, and is sufficiently reliable for epidemiological research

53 citations

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: Hormonal and reproductive factors affect the risk of hip and knee replacement, more so for the knee than the hip.
Abstract: Objectives: To examine the effect of reproductive history and use of hormonal therapies on the risk of hip and knee joint replacement for osteoarthritis. Methods: Prospective study of 1.3 million women aged on average 56 years at recruitment and followed-up through linkage to routinely collected hospital admission records. The adjusted relative risk of hip and knee replacement for osteoarthritis was examined in relation to parity, age at menarche, menopausal status, age at menopause, and use of hormonal therapies. Results: Over a mean of 6.1 person-years of follow-up 12,124 women had a hip replacement and 9,977 a knee replacement. The risk of joint replacement increased with increasing parity and the effect was greater for the knee than the hip: increase in relative risk of 2% (95%CI 1-4%) per birth for hip replacement and 8% (95%CI 6-10%) for knee replacement. An early age at menarche slightly increased the risk of both hip and knee replacement (relative risk for menarche iU11yrs versus 12yrs 1.09(95%CI 1.03-1.16) and 1.15(95%CI 1.08-1.22) respectively). Menopausal status and age at menopause were not clearly associated with risk. Current use of post-menopausal hormone therapy was associated with a significant increase in the incidence of both hip and knee replacement (RR=1.38(95%CI 1.30-1.46) and RR=1.58(95%CI 1.48-1.69) respectively) while previous use of oral contraceptives was not (RR=1.02(95%CI 0.98-1.06) and RR=1.00(95%CI 0.96-1.04) for hip and knee respectively). Conclusions: Hormonal and reproductive factors affect the risk of hip and knee replacement, more so for the knee than the hip. The reasons for this are unclear.

53 citations

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: Developmental urogenital abnormalities, specifically cryptorchidism, hypospadias and inguinal hernia, are associated with an increased risk of testicular germ cell tumors, further supporting the hypothesis that prenatal exposure(s) related to proper genital development are related to this tumor.
Abstract: Cryptorchidism is one of the few known risk factors for testicular germ cell tumors (TGCT). It has been postulated that other congenital malformations, in particular hypospadias, are also associated with increased risk; however, associations with birth defects have not been extensively studied. Using Swedish population-based registries we evaluated the relationship between birth defects and risk of TGCT. TGCT cases (n = 6,593) diagnosed between 15 and 65 years of age were identified from the Swedish Cancer Registry between 1964 and 2008. Five controls per case were randomly selected from the population register and matched on birth year and birth county. Congenital malformations were identified via linkage with the Hospital Discharge Register. Odds ratios (ORs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) for the association between each group of malformations and TGCT were estimated using conditional logistic regression. In addition to the expected association between cryptorchidism and TGCT risk [OR (95% CI): 3.18 (2.50-4.04)], hypospadias [2.41 (1.27-4.57)], inguinal hernia [1.37 (1.11-1.68)] and other genital malformations [2.19 (1.17-4.10)] were associated with an increased risk of TGCT. Mutual adjustment for cryptorchidism, hypospadias, inguinal hernia and other genital malformations did not appreciably change the associations (ORs: 3.16, 2.25, 1.30 and 1.90, respectively). The other (nongenital) malformations evaluated were not associated with TGCT. These data suggest that developmental urogenital abnormalities, specifically cryptorchidism, hypospadias and inguinal hernia, are associated with an increased risk of TGCT, further supporting the hypothesis that prenatal exposure(s) related to proper genital development are related to this tumor.

53 citations

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: Hospital admission data in England provide diagnostic information for vascular disease of sufficient reliability for epidemiological analyses, and HES records appeared to be both reliable and complete.
Abstract: Background Electronic linkage to routine administrative datasets, such as the Hospital Episode Statistics (HES) in England, is increasingly used in medical research. Relatively little is known about the reliability of HES diagnostic information for epidemiological studies. In the United Kingdom (UK), general practitioners hold comprehensive records for individuals relating to their primary, secondary and tertiary care. For a random sample of participants in a large UK cohort, we compared vascular disease diagnoses in HES and general practice records to assess agreement between the two sources.

53 citations


Authors

Showing all 669 results

NameH-indexPapersCitations
Richard Peto183683231434
Kay-Tee Khaw1741389138782
Silvia Franceschi1551340112504
Timothy J. Key14680890810
Hans-Olov Adami14590883473
Alicja Wolk13577866239
Paolo Vineis134108886608
Lars Klareskog13169763281
Eva Negri129101066735
John A. Baron12860961182
Jack Cuzick12875479979
Anders Ekbom11661351430
C. La Vecchia11581753460
Valerie Beral11447153729
Carlo La Vecchia112126556282
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Performance
Metrics
No. of papers from the Institution in previous years
YearPapers
2021174
2020131
2019130
201890
201784
201678